kies (pluralkieste)
FromMiddle Dutchkiese(late), borrowed fromOld Frisiankēse, fromProto-West Germanic*kūsiju. Displaced olderkuis, from Middle Dutch*cuse, from the sameProto-West Germanic source.
kies m (pluralkiezen,diminutivekiesje n)
Unclear. Possibly borrowed fromMiddle Englishchis, fromOld Englishċīs, itself of unclear origin.
kies (comparativekiezer,superlativemeest kiesorkiest)
| Declension ofkies | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uninflected | kies | |||
| inflected | kieze | |||
| comparative | kiezer | |||
| positive | comparative | superlative | ||
| predicative/adverbial | kies | kiezer | hetkiest hetkieste | |
| indefinite | m./f. sing. | kieze | kiezere | kieste |
| n. sing. | kies | kiezer | kieste | |
| plural | kieze | kiezere | kieste | |
| definite | kieze | kiezere | kieste | |
| partitive | kies | kiezers | — | |
See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.
kies
Fromki-(“interrogative and relativecorrelative prefix”) +-es(“correlative suffix of genitives”).
kies (interrogative and relative correlative of genitives,pluralkies,accusative singularkies,accusative pluralkies)
Like other interrogative and relative correlatives,kies can be combined withajn, the adverbial particle of generality.Kies ajn thus meanswhosever.
| interrogative | demonstrative | indefinite | universal | negative | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ki- | ti- | i- | ĉi- | neni- | ||
| kind of, sort of | -a | kia | tia | ia | ĉia | nenia |
| reason | -al | kial | tial | ial | ĉial | nenial |
| time | -am | kiam | tiam | iam | ĉiam | neniam |
| place | -e | kie | tie | ie | ĉie | nenie |
| motion | -en | kien | tien | ien | ĉien | nenien |
| manner | -el | kiel | tiel | iel | ĉiel | neniel |
| possessive | -es | kies | ties | ies | ĉies | nenies |
| demonstrative pronoun | -o | kio | tio | io | ĉio | nenio |
| amount | -om | kiom | tiom | iom | ĉiom | neniom |
| demonstrative determiner | -u | kiu | tiu | iu | ĉiu | neniu |
kies
From an otherwise unattested stem of unknown origin +-es(adjective-forming suffix). It is not unlikely, however, that it was originated based on similar word pairs as an analogy, comparekegyetlen(“cruel”) –kegyes(“kind, merciful”).[1]
kies (comparativekiesebb,superlativelegkiesebb)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | kies | kiesek |
| accusative | kiest | kieseket |
| dative | kiesnek | kieseknek |
| instrumental | kiessel | kiesekkel |
| causal-final | kiesért | kiesekért |
| translative | kiessé | kiesekké |
| terminative | kiesig | kiesekig |
| essive-formal | kiesként | kiesekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | kiesben | kiesekben |
| superessive | kiesen | kieseken |
| adessive | kiesnél | kieseknél |
| illative | kiesbe | kiesekbe |
| sublative | kiesre | kiesekre |
| allative | kieshez | kiesekhez |
| elative | kiesből | kiesekből |
| delative | kiesről | kiesekről |
| ablative | kiestől | kiesektől |
| non-attributive possessive – singular | kiesé | kieseké |
| non-attributive possessive – plural | kieséi | kiesekéi |
kies m (pluralkwiesorkjies)(archaic)
FromOld Frisiankēse, fromProto-West Germanic*kūsiju.
kies c (pluralkiezen,diminutivekieske)