kia
kia
Fromki-(interrogative and relativecorrelative prefix) +-a(correlative suffix of kind).
kia (accusative singularkian,pluralkiaj,accusative pluralkiajn)
Like other interrogative and relative correlatives,kia can be combined withajn, the adverbial particle of generality.Kia ajn thus meanswhatever kind of.
 | interrogative | demonstrative | indefinite | universal | negative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ki- | ti- | i- | ĉi- | neni- | ||
| kind of, sort of | -a | kia | tia | ia | ĉia | nenia |
| reason | -al | kial | tial | ial | ĉial | nenial |
| time | -am | kiam | tiam | iam | ĉiam | neniam |
| place | -e | kie | tie | ie | ĉie | nenie |
| motion | -en | kien | tien | ien | ĉien | nenien |
| manner | -el | kiel | tiel | iel | ĉiel | neniel |
| possessive | -es | kies | ties | ies | ĉies | nenies |
| demonstrative pronoun | -o | kio | tio | io | ĉio | nenio |
| amount | -om | kiom | tiom | iom | ĉiom | neniom |
| demonstrative determiner | -u | kiu | tiu | iu | ĉiu | neniu |
FromProto-Polynesian*tia (compare withMāoritia), fromProto-Oceanic*tiaŋ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*tihaŋ (compare withMalaytiang).
kia
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
kia(transitive)
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kia
FromClassical Persianبخیه(baxiya,“stitch, suture”).
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Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading ofChinese其(“that; those”,SV:kì).Doublet ofkìa.
1 Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hencenơi này(“this place; here”),nơi nào(“where”) (no longer completely true in the modern language). 2 Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, henceđây(“here”),đâu(“where”). 3 From earlier*C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). 4 Placed before the head:bâynhiêu(“this much”),bấynhiêu(“that much”),bao nhiêu(“how much”). 5 Placed after the head:nhanh vầy(“this fast”),nhanh vậy(“that fast/so fast”).
6 Originally, these demonstratives might have been used to assert that something isvisible and/orverifiable. They have been bleached quite thoroughly and currently are usually used like other distal demonstratives. The biggest trace of their evidentiality might be in their usage as final particles, often in reduced formscơ/cờ:[t]ừ đấy về tới Hà Nội, còn những ba cái cầu nữacơ mà! ("From there to Hanoi, there're still three more bridges to cross!") (Ba ngày luân lạc, 1943) and their (pretty much) obligatory use when locating an object:Không phải cái này mà là cáikia. ("Not this one,that one.") | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
kia