FromProto-Afroasiatic*ʔanāku. Bysurface analysis,jn(independent pronoun morpheme) +‎.k(first person stative ending).

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key): /inɛk/
  • Conventional anglicization:inek

 sg1. stressed (‘independent’) pronoun

1. I,me (see usage notes)
   • Reign of Amenemhat II or Senusret II,c. 1929–1878BCE, Stela of Hekaib (Rijksmuseum van Oudheden,AP 78):

     jnk nḏs jqr

     I was an excellent individual

Unlike thesuffix pronouns anddependent pronouns, the independent pronouns are not tied to any other element of the sentence. Nevertheless, the meaning of an independent pronoun depends on context:

• After an infinitive, it is thesubject of the verb.
• Before a noun, its meaning can be ambiguous:
  • In the first and second person, it could be thesubject of a noun phrase.
  • Alternatively, in all persons, it can be thepredicate of a noun phrase.
  • If the noun is a participle, then in all persons it could be either thesubject or thepredicate of a noun phrase.
  • If the demonstrative pronounpw is placed between the pronoun and the noun, the pronoun is definitely thepredicate.
• Before an adjective, in the first person only, it is thesubject of an adjectival phrase.

When the independent pronoun is the subject it may, but does not always, indicate anemphasised subject.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofjnk  

jnk	jnk	jnk	jnk	jnk	jnk
[since the Old Kingdom]	[since the Old Kingdom]	[Old Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[Middle Kingdom]	[Middle and New Kingdoms]

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofjnk  

jnk	jnk	jnk	jnk	jnk
[New Kingdom]	[New Kingdom]	[since the Late Period]	[since the Late Period]	[since the Late Period]

Further, the writing of this pronoun can optionally be varied to indicate the identity of the antecedent — a distinction which would not have been indicated in speech, e.g.:

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofjnk  

male human	female human	god	god or king	king	king	dead human

• Demotic:jnk
  • Akhmimic Coptic:ⲁⲛⲁⲕ(anak)
  • Bohairic Coptic:ⲁⲛⲟⲕ(anok)
  • Fayyumic Coptic:ⲁⲛⲁⲕ(anak)
  • Old Coptic:ⲁⲛⲟⲕ(anok)
  • Sahidic Coptic:ⲁⲛⲟⲕ(anok)

Wilson suggests an origin in a later development ofjnq(“to embrace”). Also comparejkn(“to seize”), which may be a further development of this word.

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key): /inɛk/
  • Conventional anglicization:inek

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) tohold in hand[Greco-Roman Period]

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofjnk  

jnk

• “jnk (lemma ID 27940)”, inThesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig,2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf;Grapow, Hermann (1926),Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag,→ISBN,page101.13
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962),A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute,→ISBN,page24
• Wilson, Penelope (1991),A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu, Liverpool: University of Liverpool, pages159–160
• James P[eter] Allen (2010),Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,→ISBN,page51.

jnk

1. abbreviation ofjonkin

• This abbreviation is chiefly used in dictionaries.

• jkn

• Egyptian terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic
• Egyptian terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic
• Egyptian compound terms
• Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation
• Egyptian lemmas
• Egyptian pronouns
• Egyptian first person pronouns
• Egyptian independent pronouns
• Egyptian terms with quotations
• Egyptian verbs
• Egyptian strong triliteral verbs
• Egyptian transitive verbs
• Finnish non-lemma forms
• Finnish pronoun forms
• Finnish abbreviations

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