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jü

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "ju"

Kamkata-viri

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Alternative forms

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  • juk(Western Kata-viri)

Etymology

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FromProto-Nuristani*jūtā, from earlier*duyitā, fromProto-Indo-Iranian*dʰúgʰHtā, fromProto-Indo-European*dʰugh₂tḗr.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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jü f(Kamviri)[1]

  1. daughter

References

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  1. ^Strand, Richard F. (2016), “ǰ′ü”, inNûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎[1]

North Frisian

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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jü

  1. (Mooring, Sylt)she(third-person singular feminine personal pronoun)
    Jü as min süster. ―She is my sister.

Usage notes

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  • On Föhr and Amrum this pronoun is obsolete like the article form; see below. The pronounhat is used instead.

Alternative forms

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  • 's(reduced form)

See also

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Personal and possessive pronouns (Mooring dialect)
personalpossessive
subject caseobject casemasculine
referent		feminine / neuter / plural
referent
fullreducedfullreduced
singular1stik'kmemanmin
2nddü–dedandin
3rdmhi'rham'nsansin
fjü'shar'sharnhar
nhatet,'thamet,'tsansin
plural1stweüsüüsenüüs
2ndjam'mjamjarnge
3rdja'sja,jam'sjare

The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions.Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject formhat is now rarely used. Inreflexive use, only full object forms occur.
Dual formswat / unk andjat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.

Personal and possessive pronouns (Sylt dialect)
personalpossessive
subject caseobject casesingular
referent		plural referent
fullreducedfullreducedattributiveindependent
singular1stik'kmiminminen
2nddü–didindinen
3rdmhi'rhöm'nsinsinen
fjü'shöör'shöörhöören
nhatet,'thömet,'tsinsinen
dual1stwatunkunkunken
2ndatjunkjunkjunken
3rdjatjam'sjaarjaaren
plural1stwüüüsüüsüüsen
2ndijuujuujuuen
3rdja'sjam'sjaarjaaren
  • The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions.Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
  • Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject formhat is now rarely used. Inreflexive use, only full object forms occur.
  • The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects.
  • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

Article

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jü

  1. (Mooring)the(feminine singular, full form)
    Coordinate term:(reduced)e

Usage notes

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  • On Föhr and Amrum, the formjü was still attested in the 19th century, but is now obsolete. The feminine gender has been merged into the neuter; seedet.
  • On Sylt, the feminine has been merged into the masculine instead; seedi.

See also

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Articles (Mooring dialect)
singularplural
mfn
definite /
demonstrative		fulldijüdåtda
reducedeete
indefinite /
numeral		fullåniinj—
reduceden
negativenånniinj

The reduced neuter articleet may contract with most prepositions.
Such contractions are spelt as single words, e.g.önjt(“in the”).

Volapük

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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jü

  1. until
    • 1931, Arie de Jong,Gramat Volapüka, § 256:
      Poszedelo de düp telidjü folid.
      From twotill four o’clock in the afternoon.
    • 1937, “‚Johann Martin Schleyer’”, inVolapükagased pro Nedänapükans, page34:
      De 1852jü 1855 ästudom in niver tö ‚Freiburg im Breisgau’ Godavi, pükavi, filosopi, jenavi e sanavi.
      From 1852to 1855 he studied theology, philology, philosophy, history and medicine at the University of Freiburg im Breisgau.
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