iyán (Basahan spellingᜁᜌᜈ᜔)
| case | direct (an) | indirect (kan) | locative | existential |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| proximal (nearest speaker) | ini | kaini | digdi | uni/huni |
| medial (near addressee) | iyan | kaiyan | diyan | uya/huyan |
| distal (far from speaker) | idto/ito | kaidto/kaito | duman | uto/huto |
FromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*ian(“that, there (probably 2p.)”). CompareCentral Bikoliyan,Tagalogiyan.
iyan
iyan
iyan
FromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*ian(“that, there (probably 2p.)”). CompareCentral Bikoliyan.
iyán (Baybayin spellingᜁᜌᜈ᜔)
iyán (Baybayin spellingᜁᜌᜈ᜔)
| Direct (ang) | Indirect (ng) | Oblique (sa) | Locative (nasa) | Existential | Manner (gaya ng) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Near speaker* | ari/are,iri/ire/idi,yari** | nari/nare,niri/nire/nidi,niyari† | dini/dine | nandini,narini,nairi/naidi,naari | ere/eri,here/heri,ayri | ganari,ganiri,garini(garni),gayari† |
| Near speaker and listener* | ito | nito | dito | nandito,narito,naito** | heto,eto,ayto† | ganito,garito(garto)** |
| Near listener | iyan,yaan | niyan | diyan/diyaan | nandiyan/nandiyaan,nariyan(naryan),nayan/nayaan**,naiyan‡ | hayan,ayan | ganiyan(ganyan),gay-an**,gariyan** |
| Remote | iyon,yoon,yaon† | niyon,noon,niyaon† | doon | nandoon,naron/naroon**,nayon/nayoon**,nayaon‡ | hayon/hayun,ayon/ayun | ganoon,gayon,gay-on,gayoon‡,garoon‡ |
| *These two series have merged in modern Tagalog. The first row is used in some dialects, the second row is used anywhere else. **These pronouns are used in some dialects. †These pronouns are not commonly used in casual speech but more prevalent in literature. ‡Rare in text. | ||||||
Compare withEdoiyan(“yam”) andEbiraiya(“pounded yam”). Possibly cognate withKhanaya(“water yam”)
iyán
| Yoruba varieties and languages:iyán(“poundedyam”) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| view map;edit data | |||||
| Language family | Variety group | Variety/language | Subdialect | Location | Words |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ào | Ìdóàní | uyán | |
| Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè) | Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè) | uyán | |||
| Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | uyọ́n | ||
| Àgọ́ Ìwòyè | uyọ́n | ||||
| Ìjẹ̀bú Igbó | uyọ́n | ||||
| Rẹ́mọ | Ẹ̀pẹ́ | uyọ́n | |||
| Ìkẹ́nnẹ́ | uyọ́n | ||||
| Ìkòròdú | uyọ́n | ||||
| Òde Rẹ́mọ | uyọ́n | ||||
| Ṣágámù | uyọ́n | ||||
| Ifọ́n | Ifọ́n | uyán | |||
| Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Òkìtìpupa | uyán | |||
| Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ) | Mahin | uyán | |||
| Òde Ùgbò | uyán | ||||
| Òde Etíkàn | uyán | ||||
| Oǹdó | Oǹdó | uyán | |||
| Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | uyán | |||
| Usẹn | Usẹn | uyán | |||
| Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | ẹgún | |||
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | ụyán,ụyọ́n,ịyán,ịyọ́n |
| Òdè Èkìtì | ụyán,ụyọ́n,ịyán,ịyọ́n | ||||
| Òmùò Èkìtì | ụyán,ụyọ́n,ịyán,ịyọ́n | ||||
| Awó Èkìtì | ụyán,ụyọ́n,ịyán,ịyọ́n | ||||
| Ìfàkì Èkìtì | ụyán,ụyọ́n,ịyán,ịyọ́n | ||||
| Àkúrẹ́ | Àkúrẹ́ | ụyán,ụyọ́n,ịyán,ịyọ́n | |||
| Ìjẹ̀ṣà (Ùjẹ̀ṣà) | Iléṣà (Uléṣà) | ụyán,ụyọ́n | |||
| Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | iyán | ||
| Ìgbẹsà | iyán | ||||
| Ọ̀tà | iyán | ||||
| Agége | iyán | ||||
| Ìlogbò Erémi | iyán | ||||
| Ẹ̀gbá | Abẹ́òkúta | iyán | |||
| Èkó | Èkó | iyán | |||
| Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | iyán | |||
| Ìbàràpá | Igbó Òrà | iyán | |||
| Èrúwà | iyán | ||||
| Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo (Òsogbo) | iyán | |||
| Ọ̀fà | iyán | ||||
| Ìgbómìnà | Ìlá Ọ̀ràngún | iyán | |||
| Ìfẹ́lódùn LGA | iyán | ||||
| Ìrẹ́pọ̀dùn LGA | iyán | ||||
| Ìsin LGA | iyán | ||||
| Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | iyán | |||
| Oǹkó | Òtù | iyẹ́n | |||
| Ìwéré Ilé | iyẹ́n | ||||
| Òkèhò | iyẹ́n | ||||
| Ìsẹ́yìn | iyẹ́n | ||||
| Ṣakí | iyẹ́n | ||||
| Tedé | iyẹ́n | ||||
| Ìgbẹ́tì | iyẹ́n | ||||
| Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | iyán | |||
| Ògbómọ̀ṣọ́ (Ògbómọ̀sọ́) | iyán | ||||
| Ìkirè | iyán | ||||
| Ìwó | iyán | ||||
| StandardYorùbá | Nàìjíríà | iyán | |||
| Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | iyán | ||||
| Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Ìyàgbà | Ìsánlú Ìtẹ̀dó | iyán | ||
| Ede languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ǹcà (Ìcà, Ìncà) | Baàtɛ | àgú | ||
| Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | àgú | |||
| Atakpamɛ | àgú | ||||
| Boko | àgú | ||||
| Est-Mono | àgú | ||||
| Moretan | àgú | ||||
| Tchetti (Tsɛti, Cɛti) | àgú | ||||
| Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo. | |||||
iyàn
ìyàn
