Cognate withIgalaíwọ, ultimately fromProto-Yoruboid*ɪ́-wɔ
iwọ
Fromì- +wọ, compare withOlukumiúwọ andIgalaùwẹ
ìwọ
| Yoruba varieties and languages:ìwọ(“you sing., emphatic subject pronoun”) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| view map;edit data | |||||
| Language family | Variety group | Variety/language | Subdialect | Location | Words |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ào | Ìdóàní | ùgwọ | |
| Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè) | Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè) | ùwọ | |||
| Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | ùwọ | ||
| Rẹ́mọ | Ẹ̀pẹ́ | ùwọ | |||
| Ìkòròdú | ùwọ | ||||
| Ṣágámù | ùwọ | ||||
| Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Òkìtìpupa | ùwọ | |||
| Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ) | Mahin | ùwọ | |||
| Oǹdó | Oǹdó | ùwọ | |||
| Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | ùwọ | |||
| Usẹn | Usẹn | ùwọ | |||
| Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | ùwọ | |||
| Olùkùmi | Ugbódù | úwọ | |||
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | ụ̀ọ,ùwẹ,ùwe |
| Àkúrẹ́ | Àkúrẹ́ | ụ̀ọ,ùwẹ,ùwe | |||
| Mọ̀bà | Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | ụ̀ọ,ùwẹ,ùwe | |||
| Ifẹ̀ (Ufẹ̀) | Ilé Ifẹ̀ (Ulé Ufẹ̀) | ìwọ | |||
| Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | ìwọ | ||
| Èkó | Èkó | ìwọ | |||
| Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | ìwọ | |||
| Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo (Òsogbo) | ìwọ | |||
| Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | ìwọ | |||
| Oǹkó | Òtù | ìwọ | |||
| Ìwéré Ilé | ìwọ | ||||
| Òkèhò | ìwọ | ||||
| Ìsẹ́yìn | ìwọ | ||||
| Ṣakí | ìwọ | ||||
| Tedé | ìwọ | ||||
| Ìgbẹ́tì | ìwọ | ||||
| Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | ìwọ | |||
| StandardYorùbá | Nàìjíríà | ìwọ | |||
| Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | ìwɔ | ||||
| Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Owé | Kabba | ìwọ | ||
| Ede languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ìdàácà | Benin | Igbó Ìdàácà (Dasa Zunmɛ̀) | wɔ̀ɔ | |
| Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | ìwɔ | |||
| Atakpamɛ | ìwɔ | ||||
| Tchetti (Tsɛti, Cɛti) | ìwɔ | ||||
| Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo. | |||||
| subject | object1 | emphatic | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| affirmative | negative | ||||
| singular | 1st person | mo | n̄ /mi | mi | èmi |
| 2nd person | o | ọ /ẹ | ìwọ | ||
| 3rd person | ó | [pronoun dropped] | [preceding vowel repeated for monosyllabic verbs] /ẹ̀ | òun | |
| plural | 1st person | a | wa | àwa | |
| 2nd person | ẹ | yín | ẹ̀yin | ||
| 3rd person | wọ́n | wọn | wọn | àwọn | |
Compare withItsekiriùghọ́, possibly cognate withIfèìfɔ̃́(“navel”). Proposed to be derived fromProto-Yoruba*ʊ̀-ɣɔ́,*ɪ̀-ɣɔ́, ultimately fromProto-Edekiri*ʊ̀-ɣɔ́,*ɪ̀-ɣɔ́. Originally only referring to the umbilical cord, it has semantically shifted to also refer to the navel, becoming synonymous withidodo
ìwọ́
| Yoruba varieties and languages:ìwọ́(“navel,umbilical cord”) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| view map;edit data | |||||
| Language family | Variety group | Variety/language | Subdialect | Location | Words |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | ùwọ́ |
| Rẹ́mọ | Ẹ̀pẹ́ | ùghọ́ | |||
| Ìkòròdú | ìghọ́ | ||||
| Ṣágámù | ùghọ́ | ||||
| Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Òkìtìpupa | ùghọ́ | |||
| Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ) | Mahin | ùghọ́ | |||
| Oǹdó | Oǹdó | ùghọ́ | |||
| Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | ùghọ́ | |||
| Usẹn | Usẹn | ùghọ̀ | |||
| Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | ùghọ́ | |||
| Olùkùmi | Ugbódù | ughọ́ | |||
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | ụ̀ọ́ |
| Àkúrẹ́ | Àkúrẹ́ | ụ̀ọ́ | |||
| Mọ̀bà | Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | ụ̀ọ́ | |||
| Ìjẹ̀ṣà (Ùjẹ̀ṣà) | Iléṣà (Uléṣà) | ụ̀ọ́ | |||
| Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | ìwọ́ | ||
| Èkó | Èkó | ìwọ́ | |||
| Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | ìwọ́ | |||
| Ìgbómìnà | Ìfẹ́lódùn LGA | àwẹ́ | |||
| Ìrẹ́pọ̀dùn LGA | ìwẹ́ | ||||
| Ìsin LGA | ìwẹ́ | ||||
| Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | ìwọ́ | |||
| Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | ìwọ́ | |||
| StandardYorùbá | Nàìjíríà | ìwọ́ | |||
| Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | ìwɔ́ | ||||
| Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Ìjùmú | Ìjùmú | ùwọ́ | ||
| Owé | Kabba | iwọ̀,uwọ̀ | |||
| Ede languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | ìfɔ̃́(navel),okùfɔ̃́(umbilical cord) | ||
| Atakpamɛ | ìfɔ̃́(navel),okùfɔ̃́(umbilical cord) | ||||
| Tchetti (Tsɛti, Cɛti) | ìfɔ̃́(navel),okùfɔ̃́(umbilical cord) | ||||
| Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo. | |||||