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issue

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Issue

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishissue, fromOld Frenchissue(“anexit, away out”), feminine past participle ofissir(“toexit”), fromLatinexeō(“goout,exit”), from prefixex-(“out”) +eō(“go”).

The legal meaning originated from the concept of "the end or result of pleadings in a suit (by presenting the point to be determined by trial)," leading to the sense of "the controversy over facts in a trial" (early 14th century, Anglo-French). This later extended to mean "a point of contention between two parties" (early 15th century) and more generally, "an important point to be decided" (1836). Consequently, the verbal phrasetake issue with emerged in 1797 (preceded byjoin issue in the 1690s), meaning "to adopt an affirmative or negative stance in a dispute with another." The expressionto have issues, meaning "to have unresolved conflicts," dates back to 1990.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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issue (pluralissues)

  1. The action or aninstance offlowing orcoming out, anoutflow,particularly:
    1. (military, obsolete) Amovement ofsoldiers towards anenemy, asortie.
    2. (medicine) Theoutflow of abodily fluid,particularly(now rare) inabnormalamounts.
      The technique minimizes theissue of blood from the incision.
  2. Someone or something thatflows out or comes out,particularly:
    1. (medicine, now rare) Thebodily fluiddrained through anatural orartificial issue.
    2. (now usually historical or law)Offspring:one'snaturalchild orchildren.
      He diedintestate and withoutissue, so the extended family have alllawyered up.
    3. (figuratively)Progeny: allone'slinealdescendants.
      Although his own kingdom disappeared, hisissue went on to rule a quarter of Europe.
    4. (figuratively, obsolete) Arace ofpeopleconsidered as thedescendants of somecommonancestor.
    5. (now rare) Theproduce orincomederived fromfarmland orrentalproperties.
      3. A conveys to B all right to the real property aforementioned for a term of _____ years, with all said real property's attendantissues, rents, and profits.
    6. (historical or rare law)Incomederived fromfineslevied by acourt orlaw-enforcementofficer; thefinesthemselves.
    7. (obsolete) Theentrails of aslaughteredanimal.
    8. (rare and obsolete) Any action ordeedperformed by aperson.
    9. (obsolete)Luckconsidered as thefavor ordisfavor ofnature, thegods, orGod.
    10. (publishing) Asingleedition of anewspaper or otherperiodicalpublication.
      Yeah, I just got the Juneissue ofWombatboy.
    11. Theentireset of someitemprinted anddisseminated during acertainperiod,particularly(publishing) asingleprinting of aparticularedition of awork whencontrasted with otherprintruns.
      TheMay 1918issue of US 24-cent stamps became famous when a printer's error inverted its depiction of anairmail plane.
    12. (figuratively, originally World War I military slang, usually with definite article) The entire set of something; all of something.
      Thebloody sergeantsnaffled our wholeissue ofbooze,dammit.
    13. (finance) Anyfinancial instrument issued by acompany.
      The company'sissues have includedbonds,stocks, and othersecurities.
    14. Theloan of abook etc. from alibrary to apatron; all such loans by a given library during a givenperiod.
  3. Themeans oropportunity by which somethingflows orcomes out,particularly:
    1. (obsolete) Asewer.
  4. Theplace where somethingflows orcomes out, anoutlet,particularly:
    1. (obsolete) Anexit from aroom orbuilding.
    2. (now rare) Aconfluence: themouth of ariver; theoutlet of alake or other body ofwater.
  5. The action or aninstance ofsendingsomething out,particularly:
    Theissue of the directive from the treasury prompted the central bank's most recentissue of currency.
    1. (historical medicine) Asmallincision,tear, orartificialulcer,used todrainfluid andusuallyheldopen with apea or othersmallobject.
      • 2005, James Harold Kirkup, chapter XXV, inThe Evolution of Surgical Instruments, page403:
        Issues andfontanels were supposed remedies for joint diseases, pulmonary tuberculosis, and other chronic conditions.
    2. Theproduction ordistribution ofsomething forgeneraluse.
      Congress delegated theissue of US currency to theFederal Reserve in 1913.
    3. Thedistribution ofsomething (particularlyrations orstandardizedprovisions) to someone or somegroup.
      The uniform was standard prisonissue.
    4. (finance) The action or aninstance of acompanysellingbonds,stock, or othersecurities.
      The company's stockissue diluted his ownership.
  6. Anyquestion orsituation to beresolved,particularly:
    Please stand by. We are having technicalissues.
    1. (law) Apoint oflaw orfact indispute orquestion in alegal actionpresented forresolution by thecourt.
      Theissue before the court is whether participation in a groupblog makes theplaintiff apublic figure under the relevant statute.
    2. (figuratively)Anything indispute, anarea ofdisagreement whoseresolution is beingdebated ordecided.
      Forchrissakes, John, don't make anissue out of it. Just sleep on the floor if you want.
    3. (rare and obsolete)(The addition ofquotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) A difficult choice between twoalternatives, adilemma.
    5. (US, originally psychology, usually in theplural) Apsychological oremotionaldifficulty,(now informal, figurative and usually euphemistic) anyproblem orconcernconsidered as avague andintractabledifficulty.
      Hyponym:hang-up
      She has daddyissues, mommyissues, drugissues, moneyissues, trustissues, printerissues... I'm just sayin', girl's gotissues.
  7. The action or aninstance ofconcludingsomething,particularly:
    1. (obsolete) The end of any action orprocess.
    2. (obsolete) The end of anyperiod oftime.
  8. Theend result of anevent orevents, any result oroutcome,particularly:
    • 1911, James George Frazer,The Golden Bough, volume 9, page176:
      The eternal happiness or misery of the departed saint depended on theissue of this contest between the powers of good and evil for the possession of his mortal remains.
    1. (now rare) The result of adiscussion ornegotiation, anagreement.
    2. (obsolete) The result of aninvestigation orconsideration, aconclusion.
  9. (figurative, now rare) The action or aninstance offeeling someemotion.
  10. (figurative, now rare) The action or aninstance ofleaving anystate orcondition.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Terms derived fromissue (noun)

Related terms

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Translations

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act of flowing out
outflow of bodily fluid
act of sending out
small incision etc. to drain excess bodily fluid
something flowing or sent out
legal term for offspring
produce or income from farmland or rental property
conclusion
contested point in a dispute or debate—see alsomatter
financial instrument
problem or concern
a single edition of a periodical publication—see alsoversion,‎edition,‎instalment
(literary) edition

Verb

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issue (third-person singular simple presentissues,present participleissuing,simple past and past participleissued)

  1. (intransitive) Toflow out, to proceed from, to come out or from.
    The waterissued forth from the spring.
    The rentsissuing from the land permitted him to live as a man of independent means.
    • 1611,The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […],→OCLC,2 Kingsxx:18:
      ...thy sons that shallissue from thee...
    • 1918,Edgar Rice Burroughs,The Land That Time Forgot Chapter IV
      There was a very light off-shore wind and scarcely any breakers, so that the approach to the shore was continued without finding bottom; yet though we were already quite close, we saw no indication of any indention in the coast from which even a tiny brooklet mightissue, and certainly no mouth of a large river such as this must necessarily be to freshen the ocean even two hundred yards from shore.
    • 1922 February,James Joyce, “[Episode 12: The Cyclops]”, inUlysses, Paris:Shakespeare and Company, […],→OCLC:
      A powerful current of warm breathissued at regular intervals from the profound cavity of his mouth while in rhythmic resonance the loud strong hale reverberations of his formidable heart thundered rumblingly[…]
  2. (intransitive) Torush out, tosally forth.
    The menissued from the town and attacked the besiegers.
  3. (intransitive) To extend into, to open onto.
    The roadissues into the highway.
  4. (intransitive) Toturn out in acertainway, to result in.
    • 2007, John Burrow,A History of Histories, Penguin, published2009, page171:
      But, for Livy, Roman patriotism is overriding, and thisissues, of course, in an antiquarian attention to the city's origins.
  5. (intransitive, archaic) Toend up as, toturn out being, tobecome as a result.
  6. (law) To come to a point in fact or law on which the parties join issue.(Can we add anexample for this sense? )
  7. (transitive) To send out; to put into circulation.
    TheFederal Reserveissues US dollars.
  8. (transitive) To deliver for use.
    The prisonissued new uniforms for the inmates.
    • 2023 June 8, Richard Collett, “He ran out of countries to visit, so he created his own”, inCNN‎[1]:
      Two years on, and while the Sultan of Slowjamastan has instigated more than a few bizarre laws (he’s outlawed the wearing of Crocs, for example), the Republic also has all the trappings of a fledgling nation-state. Itissues its own passports, flies its own flag, prints its own currency (“the duble”), and has a national anthem that’s played on state occasions.
  9. (transitive) To deliver by authority.
    The courtissued a writ of mandamus.
    • 2014 October 18,Paul Doyle, “Southampton hammer eight past hapless Sunderland in barmy encounter”, inThe Guardian:
      Five minutes later, Southampton tried to mount their first attack, but Wickham sabotaged the move by tripping the rampaging Nathaniel Clyne, prompting the referee, Andre Marriner, toissue a yellow card. That was a lone blemish on an otherwise tidy start by Poyet’s team – until, that is, the 12th minute, when Vergini produced a candidate for the most ludicrous own goal in Premier League history.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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to flow out; to proceed from
to sally forth
to extend into
to turn out
to come to a point in fact or law on which the parties join issue
to send out; to put into circulation
to deliver for use
to deliver by authority

References

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Anagrams

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French

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Etymology

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Inherited fromMiddle Frenchissue, fromOld Frenchissue(“exit”), fromissu, past participle ofissir,eissir.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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issue f (pluralissues)

  1. exit,way out
    unevoie sansissue ―adead end
    En cas de danger, empruntez l’issue de secours. ―In case of danger, use the emergencyexit.
  2. outcome,result
    L’issue de cette bataille est incertaine. ―Theoutcome of this battle is uncertain.
  3. end,conclusion
    • 1852,Constitution faite en vertu des pouvoirs délégués par le Peuple français à Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte Par le vote des 20 et 21 décembre 1851 [Constitution Made by Virtue of the Powers Delegated by the French People to Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte by the Vote of 20 and 21 December 1851], Paris: Imprimerie Schneider, pages26–27:
      Le compte rendu des séances du Corps législatif par les journaux ou tout autre moyen de publication, ne consistera que dans la reproduction du procès-verbal, dressé, à l'issue de chaque séance, par les soins du président du Corps législatif.
      The report of meetings of the Legislative Corps given by journals or any other means of publication, shall only consist in the reproduction of proceedings, prepared, at theend of each meeting, under the supervision of the President of the Legislative Corps.

Adjective

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issue

  1. femininesingular ofissu

Further reading

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromOld Frenchissue(“exit”), fromissu, past participle ofissir,eissir. Compareissen.

Forms with/ʃ/ mostly do not reflect palatalisation of/s/ (as in modern English); instead, they exist because Old French/s(s)/ was perceived as being phonetically closer to Middle English/ʃ/ than to/s/.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /iˈsiu̯(ə)/,/iˈʃiu̯(ə)/
  • (with stress retraction)IPA(key): /ˈisiu̯(ə)/,/ˈiʃiu̯(ə)/

Noun

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issue (pluralissues)

  1. Exit,departure; the act ofleaving orgoing out:
    1. (especially pathology) Anoutwardsflow ordischarge.
    2. (rare) Asortie(movement ofsoldiers towards theenemy).
  2. Anexit; away out of aplace.
    1. (anatomy) Apassage orchannel out of the body.
    2. (medicine) Anissue(incision for drainingliquid inmedievalmedicine).
  3. Aresult oroutcome arising fromsomething.
    1. Offspring,family; one'schildren ordescendants.
    2. (finance)Income,revenue, especially from atax.
    3. Theresolution of adispute orconflict.
    4. (rare) One's(non-biological)successors orinheritors.
    5. (rare) One'spreordainedfate.
  4. (rare) Anissue; a matter ofdispute orcontroversy.
  5. Theentrails and otherwasteproducts of a slaughteredanimal.
  6. Adisplay offrustration orannoyance; avent.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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References
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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issue

  1. alternative form ofissuen

Old French

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Verb

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issue f

  1. femininesingular of thepastparticiple ofissir

Noun

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issueoblique singular, f (oblique pluralissues,nominative singularissue,nominative pluralissues)

  1. exit;way out
  2. departure(act of leaving)

Descendants

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