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instar

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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WOTD – 14 December 2012,14 December 2014

Etymology 1

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An instar of themayflyCloeon dipterum

FromLatininstar(form, likeness), which is of obscure origin.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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instar (pluralinstars)

  1. Any one of the severalstages ofpostembryonicdevelopment which anarthropodundergoes, betweenmolts, before it reachessexual maturity.
  2. Anarthropod at a specified one of these stages of development.
    • 2005, Nematodes as biocontrol agents, edited by Parwinder S. Grewal, Ralf-Udo Ehlers, and David I. Shapiro-Ilan,(Please provide the book title or journal name), page133:
      InA. orientalis, first and secondinstars were more susceptible than thirdinstars toH. bacteriophora TF strain,[]
  3. (by extension) Astage in development.
    • 1955,Vladimir Nabokov,Lolita, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.:G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, published August 1958,→OCLC, part 2,page148:
      We avoided Tourist Homes, country cousins of Funeral ones, old-fashioned, genteel and showerless, with elaborate dressing tables in depressingly white-and-pink little bedrooms, and photographs of the landlady’s children in all theirinstars.
    • 2014 January 8, Caleb Crain, “The Democratic Personality”, inThe New Yorker[2]:
      California spirituality is a lateinstar of America’s utopian impulse, and corporate meritocracy derives from the Whig dream of the self-made man that entranced young Abraham Lincoln.
Translations
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stage in the development of arthropods
arthropod at a specified one of these stages
by extension: development stage

Etymology 2

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Fromin- +‎star.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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instar (third-person singular simple presentinstars,present participleinstarring,simple past and past participleinstarred)

  1. (transitive, archaic) Tostud oradorn withstars or other brilliants; tostar.
    • 1882, Frederick Randolph Abbe,The Temple Rebuilt: A Poem, page125:
      Yet mark with shining steps the humbler way;
      And, as angelic feetinstar the sky,
      Drop the bright sparks along the wilderness.
    • 1893,The Atlantic Monthly, volume72, page507:
      Espey could distinguish through the clear darkness the fringed branches of a pine-tree clinging to the heights above and waving against theinstarred sky, and below a vague moving whiteness[]
    • 1896, Mary Noailles Murfree (pseudonym Charles Egbert Craddock),In the Tennessee mountains, 14th edition, page209:
      He was dreaming, surely; or were those deep,instarred eyes really fixed upon him with that wistful gaze which he had seen only twice before?
  2. (transitive) To make a star of; set as a star.

Anagrams

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French

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinīnstar(equivalent).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɛ̃s.taʁ/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation:in‧star

Noun

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instar

  1. Only used inà l’instar de(just like)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Latin

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Etymology

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Of obscure origin.[1][2] Perhaps from a metaphor meaning 'to stand close to', thereby semantically related toAncient Greekἔχθαρ(ékhthar).[3]

Thisetymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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īnstar sg (indeclinable,no genitive)

  1. image,likeness,resemblance
  2. counterpart
  3. worth,value
  4. anequalform (of)
  5. ofequalweight/size/form (to)
    • 1539 CE, Olaus Magnus,Carta Marina, marginal note.
      Quia, optime lector, Scandiana insula apud Plinium alter orbis terrarum, et a Iordane Gotho ac Paulo Diacono vagina sive officina gentium appellatur, plurimique populi (ut omnis scriptorum turba testatur) ex eainstar apum vel inundantium aquarum exiere, utile putavi nomina aliquarum gentium inde egressarum subiecta pagina indicare.
      Since, dear reader, the isle of Scandinavia is called another world in Pliny's works, and since it is called by Jordanes the Goth and Paul the Deacon a womb or manufacturing-room of ethnic groups, and since numerous peoples (as any group of scholars can attest) descended from therelike a swarm of bees or floodwaters, I thought it useful to indicate, on the page below, the names of various ethnic groups that originated there.

Declension

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Indeclinable noun (used only in the nominative and accusative), singular only.

singular
nominativeīnstar
genitive
dative
accusativeīnstar
ablative
vocative

Descendants

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References

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  • instar”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • instar”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891)An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • instar inGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  1. ^Eduard Wölfflin, Archiv für Lateinische Lexikographie und Grammatik mit Einschluß des älteren Mittellateins, Band 2, pp. 581-597,[1]
  2. ^Menge, Burkard, et al., Lehrbuch der lateinischen Syntax und Semantik, p. 13.
  3. ^Puhvel, ‘Greek Ἔχϑαρ and Latin Instar’.

Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation:ins‧tar

Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromLatinīnstāre.

Verb

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instar (first-person singular presentinsto,first-person singular preteriteinstei,past participleinstado)(intransitive)

  1. tourge [withcom‘someone’]
  2. toinsist[withpor‘on’], toaskinsistently for
  3. toquestioninsistently, tointerrogate[witha‘someone’]
  4. tobeimminent, tolurk
  5. tobeurgent ornecessary
Conjugation
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    Conjugation ofinstar (SeeAppendix:Portuguese verbs)
SingularPlural
First-person
(eu)
Second-person
(tu)
Third-person
(ele /ela /você)
First-person
(nós)
Second-person
(vós)
Third-person
(eles /elas /vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonalinstar
Personalinstarinstaresinstarinstarmosinstardesinstarem
Gerund
instando
Past participle
Masculineinstadoinstados
Feminineinstadainstadas
Indicative
Presentinstoinstasinstainstamosinstaisinstam
Imperfectinstavainstavasinstavainstávamosinstáveisinstavam
Preteriteinsteiinstasteinstouinstamos1,instámos2instastesinstaram
Pluperfectinstarainstarasinstarainstáramosinstáreisinstaram
Futureinstareiinstarásinstaráinstaremosinstareisinstarão
Conditionalinstariainstariasinstariainstaríamosinstaríeisinstariam
Subjunctive
Presentinsteinstesinsteinstemosinsteisinstem
Imperfectinstasseinstassesinstasseinstássemosinstásseisinstassem
Futureinstarinstaresinstarinstarmosinstardesinstarem
Imperative
Affirmativeinstainsteinstemosinstaiinstem
Negative (não)nãoinstesnãoinstenãoinstemosnãoinsteisnãoinstem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromLatininstar.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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instar m (pluralinstares)

  1. (zoology)instar(Each of the states of metamorphosis of an invertebrate animal, comprised between two periods of molting.)

References

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Spanish

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Etymology

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FromLatinīnstāre(urge, insist) whence Englishinstant.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /insˈtaɾ/[ĩnsˈt̪aɾ]
  • Rhymes:-aɾ
  • Syllabification:ins‧tar

Verb

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instar (first-person singular presentinsto,first-person singular preteriteinsté,past participleinstado)

  1. (intransitive) tourge(press someone to do something soon)
    Synonyms:urgir,apretar
  2. (transitive) toinsist(repeat a plea)
    Synonym:insistir

Conjugation

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    Conjugation ofinstar (SeeAppendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitiveinstar
gerundinstando
past participlemasculinefeminine
singularinstadoinstada
pluralinstadosinstadas
singularplural
1st person2nd person3rd person1st person2nd person3rd person
indicativeyo
vos
él/ella/ello
usted
nosotros
nosotras
vosotros
vosotras
ellos/ellas
ustedes
presentinstoinstas
instásvos
instainstamosinstáisinstan
imperfectinstabainstabasinstabainstábamosinstabaisinstaban
preteriteinstéinstasteinstóinstamosinstasteisinstaron
futureinstaréinstarásinstaráinstaremosinstaréisinstarán
conditionalinstaríainstaríasinstaríainstaríamosinstaríaisinstarían
subjunctiveyo
vos
él/ella/ello
usted
nosotros
nosotras
vosotros
vosotras
ellos/ellas
ustedes
presentinsteinstes
instésvos2
insteinstemosinstéisinsten
imperfect
(ra)
instarainstarasinstarainstáramosinstaraisinstaran
imperfect
(se)
instaseinstasesinstaseinstásemosinstaseisinstasen
future1instareinstaresinstareinstáremosinstareisinstaren
imperative
vos
ustednosotros
nosotras
vosotros
vosotras
ustedes
affirmativeinsta
instávos
insteinstemosinstadinsten
negativenoinstesnoinstenoinstemosnoinstéisnoinsten

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayanvoseo prefers the form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms ofinstar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singularplural
1st person2nd person3rd person1st person2nd person3rd person
with infinitiveinstardativeinstarmeinstarteinstarle,instarseinstarnosinstarosinstarles,instarse
accusativeinstarmeinstarteinstarlo,instarla,instarseinstarnosinstarosinstarlos,instarlas,instarse
with gerundinstandodativeinstándomeinstándoteinstándole,instándoseinstándonosinstándoosinstándoles,instándose
accusativeinstándomeinstándoteinstándolo,instándola,instándoseinstándonosinstándoosinstándolos,instándolas,instándose
with informal second-person singular imperativeinstadativeínstameínstateínstaleínstanosnot usedínstales
accusativeínstameínstateínstalo,ínstalaínstanosnot usedínstalos,ínstalas
with informal second-person singularvos imperativeinstádativeinstameinstateinstaleinstanosnot usedinstales
accusativeinstameinstateinstalo,instalainstanosnot usedinstalos,instalas
with formal second-person singular imperativeinstedativeínstemenot usedínstele,ínsteseínstenosnot usedínsteles
accusativeínstemenot usedínstelo,ínstela,ínsteseínstenosnot usedínstelos,ínstelas
with first-person plural imperativeinstemosdativenot usedinstémosteinstémosleinstémonosinstémoosinstémosles
accusativenot usedinstémosteinstémoslo,instémoslainstémonosinstémoosinstémoslos,instémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperativeinstaddativeinstadmenot usedinstadleinstadnosinstaosinstadles
accusativeinstadmenot usedinstadlo,instadlainstadnosinstaosinstadlos,instadlas
with formal second-person plural imperativeinstendativeínstenmenot usedínstenleínstennosnot usedínstenles,ínstense
accusativeínstenmenot usedínstenlo,ínstenlaínstennosnot usedínstenlos,ínstenlas,ínstense

Related terms

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Further reading

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