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ing

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "ing"

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishing,ynge,enge, fromOld Englishing,*eng(“a meadow; ing”), fromProto-Germanic*angijō(“meadow”), fromProto-Indo-European*h₂énkos(“a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen”), from*h₂enk-(“to bend; curve; bow”). Cognate withScotseng(“ing; meadow”),Dutcheng(“pasture; farmland”),Danisheng(“meadow”),Swedishäng(“meadow; field”), Norwegianeng(“meadow”), Faroeseong(“grassland; meadow; pasture”), Icelandiceng(“a meadow”), Icelandicengi(“a meadow; meadowland”).

Noun

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ing (pluralings)

  1. (now only in dialects) Ameadow, especially a low meadow near a river;water meadow.
    Ings, glens, and fens of the Highlands.
    • 1773,Journals of the House of Commons:
      Bill for dividing and inclosing certain open common fields,ings, common pastures, and other commonable lands.
    • 1804, Marshall (William),On the Landed Property of England, possibly quoting an earlier work:
      [There] lay an extent of meadow grounds, inings, to afford a supply of hay.

References

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  • OED 2nd edition 1989

Etymology 2

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From Pitmanem anden, which it is related to phonetically and graphically, and the sound it represents. The change in vowel probably reflects the familiar suffix-ing.

Noun

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ing (pluralings)

  1. The letter for theng sound/ŋ/ inPitman shorthand.
Related terms
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  • eng, the name of the IPA letter for this sound

See also

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Anagrams

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Cebuano

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Alternative forms

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  • 'y —contraction, appended to the preceding word

Etymology

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Compare withKapampanganing,Tausugin.

Article

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ing

  1. (archaic)indefinite direct marker for nouns other than personal names.
    Synonym:'y —sense narrowed down

See also

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Cebuano markers
DirectIndirectOblique
DefiniteIndefiniteDefiniteIndefinite
CommonSingularanging†,'ysa,sang†ogsa
Pluralangmgaingmga†,
'ymga		samga,
sangmga†		ogmgasamga
PersonalSingularsinikang*
Pluralsilani,silang
sa†		nilani,nilang
na†		(kan)ilani*,(kan)ilang*
ka†
†Archaic
*Indirect personal forms used instead in colloquial speech.

Further reading

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Chinese

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Etymology

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FromEnglish-ing.

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Adverb

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ing

  1. (slang) in the process of;currently

References

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Hungarian

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ing

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Uncertain. Perhaps borrowed from anIranian language.[1]

Alternative forms

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Noun

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ing (pluralingek)

  1. shirt
    Coordinate terms:blúz,póló
Declension
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Inflection (stem in-e-, front unrounded harmony)
singularplural
nominativeingingek
accusativeingetingeket
dativeingnekingeknek
instrumentalinggelingekkel
causal-finalingértingekért
translativeinggéingekké
terminativeingigingekig
essive-formalingkéntingekként
essive-modal——
inessiveingbeningekben
superessiveingeningeken
adessiveingnélingeknél
illativeingbeingekbe
sublativeingreingekre
allativeinghezingekhez
elativeingbőlingekből
delativeingrőlingekről
ablativeingtőlingektől
non-attributive
possessive – singular		ingéingeké
non-attributive
possessive – plural		ingéiingekéi
Possessive forms ofing
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.ingemingeim
2nd person sing.ingedingeid
3rd person sing.ingeingei
1st person pluralingünkingeink
2nd person pluralingetekingeitek
3rd person pluralingükingeik
Derived terms
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Compound words
Expressions

Etymology 2

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An earlier form of the verbinog(“to wobble”).

Verb

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ing

  2. (intransitive) towobble
  3. (intransitive) toswing
Conjugation
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Conjugation ofing
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.ingokingszingingunkingtokingnak
def.intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
pastindef.ingtamingtálingottingtunkingtatokingtak
def.―
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verbfog, e.g.ingni fog.
archaic
preterite		indef.ingékingálingaingánkingátokingának
def.―
2nd obj
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.ing vala,ingott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.ingandokingandaszingandingandunkingandotokingandanak
def.―
2nd obj
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.ingnékingnálingnaingnánkingnátokingnának
def.―
2nd obj
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.ingott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.ingjakingj or
ingjál		ingjoningjunkingjatokingjanak
def.―
2nd obj
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.ingott légyen
infinitiveingniingnomingnodingniaingnunkingnotokingniuk
other
forms		verbal nounpresent part.past part.future part.adverbial participlecausative
ingásingóingott―ingva (ingván)
Potential conjugation ofing
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.inghatokinghatszinghatinghatunkinghattokinghatnak
def.intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
pastindef.inghattaminghattálinghatottinghattunkinghattatokinghattak
def.―
2nd obj
archaic
preterite		indef.inghatékinghatálinghatainghatánkinghatátokinghatának
def.―
2nd obj
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.inghat vala,inghatott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.inghatandok
or ingandhatok		inghatandasz
or ingandhatsz		inghatand
or ingandhat		inghatandunk
or ingandhatunk		inghatandotok
or ingandhattok		inghatandanak
or ingandhatnak
def.―
2nd obj
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.inghatnékinghatnálinghatnainghatnánkinghatnátokinghatnának
def.―
2nd obj
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.inghatott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.inghassakinghass or
inghassál		inghassoninghassunkinghassatokinghassanak
def.―
2nd obj
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.inghatott légyen
infinitive(inghatni)(inghatnom)(inghatnod)(inghatnia)(inghatnunk)(inghatnotok)(inghatniuk)
other
forms		positive adjectivenegative adjectiveadverbial participle
――(inghatva /inghatván)

or

Conjugation ofing
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.ingokingaszingingunkingotokinganak
def.intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
pastindef.ingottamingottálingottingottunkingottatokingottak
def.―
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verbfog, e.g.ingani fog.
archaic
preterite		indef.ingékingálingaingánkingátokingának
def.―
2nd obj
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.ing vala,ingott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.ingandokingandaszingandingandunkingandotokingandanak
def.―
2nd obj
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.inganékinganálinganainganánkinganátokinganának
def.―
2nd obj
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.ingott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.ingjakingj or
ingjál		ingjoningjunkingjatokingjanak
def.―
2nd obj
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.ingott légyen
infinitiveinganiinganominganodinganiainganunkinganotokinganiuk
other
forms		verbal nounpresent part.past part.future part.adverbial participlecausative
ingásingóingott―ingva (ingván)
Potential conjugation ofing
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.inghatokinghatszinghatinghatunkinghattokinghatnak
def.intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
pastindef.inghattaminghattálinghatottinghattunkinghattatokinghattak
def.―
2nd obj
archaic
preterite		indef.inghatékinghatálinghatainghatánkinghatátokinghatának
def.―
2nd obj
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.inghat vala,inghatott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.inghatandok
or ingandhatok		inghatandasz
or ingandhatsz		inghatand
or ingandhat		inghatandunk
or ingandhatunk		inghatandotok
or ingandhattok		inghatandanak
or ingandhatnak
def.―
2nd obj
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.inghatnékinghatnálinghatnainghatnánkinghatnátokinghatnának
def.―
2nd obj
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.inghatott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.inghassakinghass or
inghassál		inghassoninghassunkinghassatokinghassanak
def.―
2nd obj
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.inghatott légyen
infinitive(inghatni)(inghatnom)(inghatnod)(inghatnia)(inghatnunk)(inghatnotok)(inghatniuk)
other
forms		positive adjectivenegative adjectiveadverbial participle
――(inghatva /inghatván)
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ing in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.).Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006,→ISBN.  (See alsoits 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • (shirt):ing in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.
  • (to wobble):ing in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.

Javanese

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Preposition

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ing

  1. in
  2. on
  3. at

Jirajara

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Noun

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ing

  1. water

References

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  • Luis Oramas,Materiales para el estudio de los dialectos Ayamán, Gayón, Jirajara, Ajagua (1916)

Khumi Chin

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Ing.

Etymology

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FromProto-Kuki-Chin*ʔim, fromProto-Sino-Tibetan*kim(“house, womb”). Cognate toBurmeseအိမ်(im) andS'gaw Karenဟံၣ်(heè).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ing

  1. house

Derived terms

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References

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  • R. Shafer (1944) “Khimi Grammar and Vocabulary”, inBulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, volume11, number 2, page418
  • K. E. Herr (2011)The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎[1], Payap University, page46

Lutuv

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Etymology

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FromProto-Kuki-Chin*ʔim, fromProto-Sino-Tibetan*kim(“house, womb”). Cognate toBurmeseအိမ်(im) andS'gaw Karenဟံၣ်(heè).

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /ɪŋ/

Noun

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ing

  1. house

References

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  • Rachel Gray, Jose Benavides (2022) “Wh-Question Formation in Hnaring Lutuv”, inIndiana Working Papers in South Asian Languages and Cultures‎[2], volume 3, number 1

Old English

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Etymology

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Apparently borrowed fromOld Norseeng or possibly inherited directly fromProto-Germanic*angijō.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ing f (nominative pluralingaoringe)

  1. meadow,water meadow,ing

Declension

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Strongō-stem:

singularplural
nominativeinginga,inge
accusativeingeinga,inge
genitiveingeinga
dativeingeingum

Ternate

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Etymology

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From the olderingi, with word-final vowel deletion.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ing

  1. Alternative form ofingi

References

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  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001)A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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FromEnglishink.

Noun

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ing

  1. ink

Welsh

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Etymology

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Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “FromProto-Indo-European*h₂enǵʰ-(“tight, painfully constricted”), cognate withBretonenk”

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Noun

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ing m (pluralingauoringoedd)

  1. anguish,angst
    Synonym:gwasgfa
  2. adversity
    Synonyms:caledi,cyni,adfyd
  3. agony, extremepain
    Synonyms:dirboen,gwayw,gloes

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms ofing
radicalsoftnasalh-prothesis
ingunchangedunchangedhing

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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  • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “ing”, inGweiadur: the Welsh-English Dictionary, Gwerin
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ing”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yola

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishin, ī̆, fromOld Englishin, fromProto-Germanic*in.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɪŋ/,/ɪn/,/ɪ/,/iː/

Preposition

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ing

  1. in
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page84:
      Yerstey w'had a baree, gisting oor hoane,
      Yesterday we had a goal justin our hand.
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page86:
      Th' heiftem o' pley vell alling to lug;
      The weight of the play fellinto the hollow;
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number11, page88:
      An broughet ee stell,ing a emothee knaghane.
      And broke the handlein a pismire-hill.
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number12, page88:
      Licke a mope an a mile, he gazting a mize;
      Like a fool in a mill, he lookedin amazement;
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number12, page88:
      Oore joys all ee-smorting a emothee knaghane.
      Our joys are all smotheredin a pismire-hill.
    • 1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, inAPPENDIX, page131:
      Wathere proceeds to tell that the game was “was jisting our hone”
      Walter proceeds to tell that the game was “was justin our hand”

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867,page48
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