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individual

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

individual

Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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individuall(obsolete)

Etymology

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PIE word
*dwóh₁

FromMedieval Latinindīviduālis, fromLatinindīviduum(“an indivisible thing”), neuter ofindīviduus(“indivisible, undivided”), fromin +dīviduus(“divisible”), fromdīvidō(“divide”).

Pronunciation

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(Received Pronunciation)
- (yod-coalescence)IPA^(key): /ɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊəl/,/ɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊl/
- (noyod-coalescence)IPA^(key): /ɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl/,/ɪndɪˈvɪdjʊl/
(General American)IPA^(key): /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒ(u)əl/,/ˌɪndə-/
Audio(US): (file)

Noun

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individual (pluralindividuals)

Aperson considered alone, rather than as belonging to agroup ofpeople.
He is an unusualindividual.
- 2024 September 16, Priya Krishna, “The Customized Drink Is Out of Control”, inThe New York Times‎^[1], New York, N.Y.:The New York Times Company,→ISSN,→OCLC, archived fromthe original on19 September 2024:
  “You have to be anindividual,” said Ms. Smoke, a 40-year-old saleswoman, as she sipped her beverage. “You can’t just get black coffee.”
(law) A single physicalhuman being as a legal subject, as opposed to alegal person such as acorporation.
- 1982,Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms:
  Everyindividual is equal before and under the law and has the right to the equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination […].
Anobject, be it a thing or an agent, as contrasted to aclass.
- 2006, Steven French, “Identity and Individuality in Quantum Theory”, inStanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy‎^[2]:
  It is typically held that chairs, trees, rocks, people and many of the so-called ‘everyday’ objects we encounter can be regarded asindividuals.
- 2013 May-June,Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, inAmerican Scientist, volume101, number 3:
  In plants, the ability to recognize self from nonself plays an important role in fertilization, because self-fertilization will result in less diverse offspring than fertilization with pollen from anotherindividual.
(statistics) An element belonging to a population.

Translations

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person considered alone

Afrikaans:individu (af)
Albanian:individ (sq) m
Arabic:فَرْد (ar) m(fard),شَخْص (ar) m(šaḵṣ)
Armenian:անհատ (hy)(anhat),առանձնյակ (hy)(aṙanjnyak)(biology)
Azerbaijani:fərd (az),şəxs (az),individuum
Belarusian:індыві́д m(indyvíd)
Bengali:ব্যক্তি (bn)(bêkti),শখ্‌স (bn)(śokhs)
Bulgarian:индиви́д (bg) m(indivíd)
Burmese:ပုဂ္ဂိုလ် (my)(pugguil)
Catalan:individu (ca) m
Chinese:
Cantonese:個體 /个体(go³ tai²),個人 /个人(go³ jan⁴),私人(si¹ jan⁴)
Mandarin:個體 /个体 (zh)(gètǐ),個人 /个人 (zh)(gèrén),私人 (zh)(sīrén)
Czech:jedinec (cs) m,jednotlivec (cs) m
Danish:individ (da) n
Dutch:enkeling (nl) m,individu (nl) n
Esperanto:unuopulo
Estonian:indiviid
Finnish:yksilö (fi)
French:individu (fr) m
Galician:individuo (gl) m
Georgian:პიროვნება(ṗirovneba),ინდივიდი(individi)
German:Individuum (de) n
Greek:άτομο (el) n(átomo)
Hebrew:פְּרָט (he) m(prat)
Hindi:व्यक्ति (hi) m(vyakti),फ़र्द m(fard),शख़्स m(śaxs)
Hungarian:individuum (hu),egyén (hu)
Icelandic:einstaklingur (is) m
Ido:individuo (io)
Italian:individuo (it),soggetto (it)
Japanese:個人 (ja)(こじん, kojin),個体 (ja)(こたい, kotai),私人 (ja)(しじん, shijin)
Kazakh:жеке тұлға(jeke tūlğa),жеке түр(jeke tür),жеке адам(jeke adam),индивидуум(individuum)
Khmer:បុគ្គល (km)(bokkŭəl)
Korean:개인(個人) (ko)(gaein),개체(個體)(gaeche),사인(私人) (ko)(sain)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish:ferd (ku),şexs (ku)
Kyrgyz:индивидуум(individuum),индивид(individ)
Lao:ບຸກຄົນ (lo)(buk khon),ພົນ(phon)
Latin:indīviduum n
Latvian:indivīds m
Lithuanian:individas m
Macedonian:индивидуа f(individua),поединец m(poedinec)
Malay:individu (ms)
Māori:tangata (mi),kiritahi
Mongolian:
Cyrillic:хувь хүн(xuvʹ xün)
Navajo:hwó
Norwegian:
Bokmål:individ (no) n,enkeltperson m,menneske (no) n
Nynorsk:individ n,enkeltperson m
Pali:puggala m
Pashto:فرد (ps) m(fard),شخص (ps) m(šaxs)
Persian:
Iranian Persian:فَرْد(fard),شَخْص(šaxs)
Plautdietsch:Persoon (nds) f
Polish:indywiduum (pl) n,jednostka (pl) f
Portuguese:indivíduo (pt) m
Romanian:individ (ro)
Russian:индиви́дуум (ru) m(indivíduum),лицо́ (ru) n(licó),ли́чность (ru) f(líčnostʹ),осо́ба (ru) f(osóba),индиви́д (ru) m(indivíd),персо́на (ru) f(persóna),о́собь (ru) f(ósobʹ)(biology)
Sanskrit:व्यक्ति (sa) m(vyakti)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic:поједи́нац m,поједи́нка f,индиви́дуа f
Latin:pojedínac (sh) m,pojedinka f,indivídua (sh) f
Slovak:jedinec m,jednotlivec m
Slovene:posameznik (sl) m,posameznica f
Spanish:individuo (es) m
Swedish:individ (sv) c,enskild (sv) c
Tajik:фард(fard),шахс (tg)(šaxs)
Tatar:шәхес (tt)(şäxes)
Telugu:వ్యక్తి (te)(vyakti)
Thai:บุคคล (th)(bùk-kon)
Turkish:birey (tr),şahıs (tr),fert (tr)(dated)
Ottoman Turkish:شخص(şahs)
Turkmen:şahs
Ukrainian:індиві́д (uk) m(indyvíd),індиві́дуум m(indyvíduum)
Urdu:فَرْد m(fard),شَخْص m(śaxs)
Uyghur:شەخس(shexs)
Uzbek:fard (uz),individuum (uz),shaxs (uz)
Vietnamese:cá nhân (vi),cá thể (vi)
Welsh:unigolyn (cy) m

single human as legal subject

Afrikaans:individu (af)
Azerbaijani:fiziki şəxs
Bulgarian:ли́чност (bg) f(líčnost)
Finnish:henkilö (fi),luonnollinen henkilö (fi)
Georgian:ფიზიკური პირი(piziḳuri ṗiri),ცალკე პირი(calḳe ṗiri)
Hungarian:magánszemély (hu),magánember (hu)
Japanese:個人 (ja)(こじん, kojin)
Korean:개인(個人) (ko)(gaein)
Māori:kiritahi
Norwegian:
Bokmål:enkeltperson m
Nynorsk:enkeltperson m
Polish:osoba fizyczna (pl) f
Russian:физи́ческое лицо́ (ru) n(fizíčeskoje licó)

individual object as contrasted to a class

Finnish:yksilö (fi)
Hungarian:egyed (hu)
Latin:specialis m or f
Norwegian:
Bokmål:individ (no) n
Polish:indywidualny (pl) m,osobnik (pl) m(biology)
Portuguese:indivíduo (pt) m

element belonging to a population

Adjective

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individual (comparativemoreindividual,superlativemostindividual)

Relating to a singleperson orthing as opposed to more than one.
Synonym:single
Antonym:collective
Near-synonyms:individuated,solitary,self-standing,freestanding
As we can't print them all together, theindividual pages will have to be printed one by one.
- 2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, inThe Economist, volume407, number8838, page71:
  Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings togetherindividual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.
Intended for a singleperson as opposed to more than one person.
Synonyms:personal,single
Antonyms:group,joint,shared,collective
individual personal pension; individual cream cakes
Notdivisible without losing itsidentity.
Near-synonyms:unatomizable,indivisible,undividable

Derived terms

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Translations

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relating to a single person or thing

Asturian:individual (ast)
Azerbaijani:fərdi (az),şəxsi (az)
Belarusian:асо́бны (be)(asóbny),аддзе́льны(addzjélʹny),асабі́сты(asabísty),індывідуа́льны(indyviduálʹny)
Bulgarian:отделен (bg)(otdelen),индивидуален (bg)(individualen)
Catalan:individual (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin:單個 /单个 (zh)(dāngè),獨個 /独个(dúgè)
Czech:jednotlivý (cs)
Danish:individuel
Dutch:individueel (nl)
Finnish:yksittäinen (fi)
French:individuel (fr)
Galician:individual (gl)
Georgian:ინდივიდუალური(individualuri)
German:einzeln (de),individuell (de)
Hungarian:egyes (hu),egyedi (hu),különálló (hu)
Italian:singolo (it),specifico (it)
Japanese:個々の (ja)(ここの, koko-no)
Latin:indīviduālis
Māori:takitahi
Mari:
Eastern Mari:шке(ške)
Norman:îndividuel(Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål:enkelt (no),individuell
Old English:ānlīepe
Polish:indywidualny (pl),oddzielny (pl),pojedynczy (pl)
Portuguese:individual (pt)
Romanian:individual (ro)
Russian:отде́льный (ru)(otdélʹnyj),индивидуа́льный (ru)(individuálʹnyj),едини́чный (ru)(jediníčnyj),ча́стный (ru)(částnyj)
Scottish Gaelic:air leth
Spanish:individual (es)
Swedish:enskild (sv)
Turkish:bireysel (tr)
Ukrainian:особи́стий(osobýstyj),індивідуа́льний(indyviduálʹnyj),осі́бний(osíbnyj),окре́мий (uk)(okrémyj)

intended for a single person

Azerbaijani:bir nəfərlik,bir nəfər üçün nəzərdə tutulmuş
Bulgarian:личен (bg)(ličen)
Catalan:individual (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin:個別 /个别 (zh)(gèbié)
Czech:individuální (cs)
Dutch:individueel (nl)
Finnish:yksilöllinen (fi)
Galician:individual (gl)
German:individuell (de)
Hungarian:egyéni (hu)
Italian:individuale (it),personale (it)
Latin:proprius (la)
Mari:
Eastern Mari:шке(ške)
Norwegian:
Bokmål:individuell
Polish:indywidualny (pl)
Portuguese:individual (pt)
Romanian:individual (ro)
Russian:индивидуа́льный (ru)(individuálʹnyj),персона́льный (ru)(personálʹnyj),ли́чный (ru)(líčnyj),ча́стный (ru)(částnyj)
Scottish Gaelic:air leth
Spanish:individual (es),propio, personal,propio (es),personal (es),personal (es)
Swedish:individuell (sv)
Thai:เฉพาะตัว (th)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

French:^{(pleaseverify)}individuel (fr) m,^(please verify)individuelle (fr) f
German:^(please verify)Einzel-
Hebrew:^{(pleaseverify)}פרטי(p"rati)
Irish:^{(pleaseverify)}aonánach
Japanese:^{(pleaseverify)}個人 (ja)(こじん, kojin)
Slovene:^{(pleaseverify)}posamezen
Swedish:^{(pleaseverify)}individuell (sv),^{(pleaseverify)}enskild (sv)
Telugu:^{(pleaseverify)}వ్యక్తిగత(vyaktigata),^{(pleaseverify)}వైయక్తిక(vaiyaktika)

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): (Central)[in.di.βi.ðuˈal]
IPA^(key): (Balearic, Valencia)[in.di.vi.ðuˈal]
Audio(Barcelona): (file)

Galician

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Adjective

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individual m or f (pluralindividuais)

individual

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Portuguese

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Etymology

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Fromindivíduo +‎-al.

Pronunciation

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(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ĩ.d͡ʒi.vi.duˈaw/[ĩ.d͡ʒi.vi.dʊˈaʊ̯],(faster pronunciation)/ĩ.d͡ʒi.viˈdwaw/[ĩ.d͡ʒi.viˈdwaʊ̯]

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /ĩ.di.viˈdwal/[ĩ.di.viˈðwaɫ]

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /ĩ.di.viˈdwal/[ĩ.di.viˈðwaɫ]
- (Northern Portugal)IPA^(key): /ĩ.di.biˈdwal/[ĩ.di.βiˈðwaɫ]
- (Central Portugal)IPA^(key): /ĩ.dɨ.viˈdwal/[ĩ.dɨ.viˈðwaɫ]
- (Southern Portugal)IPA^(key): /ĩ.dɨ.viˈdwa.li/[ĩ.dɨ.viˈðwa.li]

Rhymes:(Portugal)-al,(Brazil)-aw
Hyphenation:in‧di‧vi‧du‧al

Adjective

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individual m or f (pluralindividuais)

individual

Derived terms

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Related terms

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indivíduo

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchindividuel. Bysurface analysis,individ +‎-ual.

Pronunciation

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Audio: (file)

Adjective

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individual m or n (feminine singularindividuală,masculine pluralindividuali,feminine/neuter pluralindividuale)

individual

Declension

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Declension ofindividual
		masculine	feminine	masculine	neuter
		singular		plural
nominative- accusative	indefinite	individual	individuală	individuali	individuale
nominative- accusative	definite	individualul	individuala	individualii	individualele
genitive- dative	indefinite	individual	individuale	individuali	individuale
genitive- dative	definite	individualului	individualei	individualilor	individualelor