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Bola personal pronouns
Number	Person	Free	Subject proclitic	Object Suffix	Oblique
Singular	1st	iau	a	free pronoun	nau
2nd	ioe	o	vomu
3rd	ia	i	-a	vona
Dual	1st	Exclusive	maria	miri	free pronoun	ne + free pronoun
Inclusive	tarua	tu
2nd	marua	muru
3rd	rua	ru
Paucal	1st	Exclusive	mateu	mete
Inclusive	teu	te
2nd	matou	moto
3rd	tou	to
Plural	1st	Exclusive	mia	mi
Inclusive	hita	si
2nd	mua	mu
3rd	ria	ri

Chuukese

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Adverb

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where

Dutch

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Etymology

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Onomatopoeic

Pronunciation

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Audio: (file)

Interjection

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hee-haw

Derived terms

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iaën

Esperanto

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Etymology

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Fromi-(indeterminatecorrelative prefix) +‎-a(correlative suffix of kind).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈia/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ia
Hyphenation: i‧a

Determiner

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ia (pluraliaj,accusative singularian,accusative pluraliajn)

some kind of (indeterminate correlative of kind)

Derived terms

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ia ajn(“any kind of”)
iasence

Esperanto correlatives
	interrogative	demonstrative	indefinite	universal	negative
ki-	ti-	i-	ĉi-	neni-
kind of, sort of	-a	kia	tia	ia	ĉia	nenia
reason	-al	kial	tial	ial	ĉial	nenial
time	-am	kiam	tiam	iam	ĉiam	neniam
place	-e	kie	tie	ie	ĉie	nenie
motion	-en	kien	tien	ien	ĉien	nenien
manner	-el	kiel	tiel	iel	ĉiel	neniel
possessive	-es	kies	ties	ies	ĉies	nenies
demonstrative pronoun	-o	kio	tio	io	ĉio	nenio
amount	-om	kiom	tiom	iom	ĉiom	neniom
demonstrative determiner	-u	kiu	tiu	iu	ĉiu	neniu

Fijian

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Conjunction

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Synonyms

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Finnish

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Conjunction

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obsolete spelling ofja

Anagrams

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Galician

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Verb

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(reintegrationist norm)first/third-personsingular imperfect indicative ofir

Garo

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronoun

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ia (combining formi-, pluraliarang)

this

Declension

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Garo determiners
case	proximal		distal
case	singular “this”	plural “these”	singular “that”	plural “those”
nominative	ia	iarang	ua	uarang
accusative	iako	iarangko	uako	uarangko
dative	iana	iarangna	uana	uarangna
genitive	iani	iarangni	uani	uarangni
instrumental	iachi	iarangchi	uachi	uarangchi
locative	iano	iarango	uano	uarango
augmenting locative	ianoni, ianona, iachini, iachina, ianoniko, iachiniko	iarangoni, iarangona, iarangchini, iarangchina, iarangoniko, iarangchiniko	uanoni, uanona, uachini, uachina, uanoniko, uachiniko	uarangoni, uarangona, uarangchini, uarangchina, uarangoniko, uarangchiniko

German

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hee-haw(cry of an ass or donkey)

Hawaiian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Polynesian*ia, fromProto-Oceanic*ia, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*ia, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*ia, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*(si-)ia, fromProto-Austronesian*(si-)ia.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈi.a/,[ˈi.jə]

Determiner

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this,that

Pronoun

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she,he,it

Derived terms

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ʻo ia

Hawaiian personal pronouns
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	au,wau	māua (exclusive) kāua (inclusive)	mākou (exclusive) kākou (inclusive)
2nd person	ʻoe	ʻolua	ʻoukou
3rd person	ia,ʻo ia	lāua	lākou

Particle

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obsolete spelling ofʻia,iā, andiʻa

Hiri Motu

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Etymology

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FromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*(si-)ia, fromProto-Austronesian*(si-)ia.

Pronoun

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third-person singular pronoun:he/she/it,him/her/it

Hiri Motu personal pronouns
	singular	plural
1st person	lau	ai (exclusive) ita (inclusive)
2nd person	oi	umui
3rd person	ia	idia

Indonesian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Malayic*ia, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*(si-)ia, fromProto-Austronesian*(si-)ia. CompareMaoriia,Tagalogsiya.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈia̯/
Audio: (file)

Pronoun

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they /he /she /it(genderless third person pronoun)
Ia mengajarkan muridnya di sekolah.
They taught his students at school.
it (used to refer to a non-human living thing)
Burung bisa terbang karenaia mempunyai sayap.
Birds can fly because it have wings

Synonyms

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Jarai

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Etymology

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FromProto-Chamic*ʔiar, fromProto-Malayo-Chamic*air, fromProto-Malayo-Sumbawan*wair, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ia/

Noun

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water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

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Joshua Jensen,Jarai Clauses and Noun Phrases: Syntactic Structures (2014,→ISBN

Lindu

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Pronoun

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he;she;they (singular)

Macanese

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Alternative forms

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iá(stressed)

Etymology

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Possibly fromMalayya.

Particle

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particle emphasizing an imminent action
Azinha vai casa-ia, logo cai chuva ―Let's get homequickly, it's going to rain
Iou tâ vâi-ia! ―Beright there!
Dessâ vai-ia! ―Let it be!
Tâ fêde-ia ―She's pregnantnow
Pacência-iá. ―Be patient.
Já têm-ia! ―I've got it!
Más bôm trabalâ-ia manejante têm aqui! ―We'd better get to work, the boss is here!

Usage notes

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Usually appended at the end of another word (regardless of part of speech), connected with a hyphen.

References

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https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm

Makasar

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Etymology

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FromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*ia.

Pronoun

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ia (Lontara spellingᨕᨗᨕ)

he,she,it,they (third person)

Makasar free and bound pronouns
	independent	absolutive	nominative	possessive
1^stsg / 1^st pl exclusive	nakke	-a'	ku-	-ku
1^stpl exclusive(archaic)	kambe	-kang	ki-	-mang
1^stpl inclusive / 2^nd sg polite	katte	-ki'	ki-	-ta
2^ndsg /pl familiar	kau	-ko	nu-	-nu
3^rdsg /pl	ia	-i	na-	-na

Malasanga

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Etymology

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Proto-Austronesian*Sikan.

Noun

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fish

Malay

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Alternative forms

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(Etymology 2):iya

Pronunciation

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(schwa-variety)IPA^(key): [i.jə]
- Audio(Malaysia): (file)
- Rhymes:-iə,-ə
(Baku)IPA^(key): [i.ja]
- Audio(Malaysia): (file)
- Rhymes:-ia,-a
Hyphenation:i‧a

Etymology 1

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FromProto-Malayic*ia, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*(si-)ia, fromProto-Austronesian*(si-)ia.

Pronoun

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ia (Jawi spellingاي,cliticized form-nya)

Genderless third person pronoun;he,she,they.
Ia merupakan Perdana Menteri Kanada.
He is the Prime Minister of Canada.
Pronoun for something that is being discussed;it.
Benda yang paling mengejutkan tentang universiti ini ialah bahawaia sudah wujud untuk lebih daripada 500 tahun.
The most surprising thing about this university is thatit has existed for more than 500 years.

Derived terms

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Affixations

ialah

Malay personal pronouns
	singular	plural
1^st person	standard	saya /ساي aku /اکو,ku- /كوـ (informal/towards God) -ku /ـكو (poetic possessive) hamba /همبا (dated) daku /داکو (poetic)	kami /کامي (exclusive) kita orang /كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive) kita /کيت (inclusive)
royal	beta /بيتا
2^nd person	standard	kamu /کامو
engkau /اڠکاو,kau- /كاوـ (informal/poetic/towards God) kau /كاو (informal) awak /اوق (friendly/older towards younger) anda /اندا (formal) awda /اءودا (Brunei, formal) -mu /ـمو (poetic possessive) dikau /ديکاو (poetic)	anda semua /اندا سموا (formal) awak semua /اوق سموا kamu semua /كامو سموا kalian /کالين (archaic) kau orang /كاو اورڠ (informal)
royal	tuanku /توانكو
3^rd person	standard	dia /دي ia /اي beliau /بلياو (honorific) -nya /ـڽ (possessive)	mereka /مريک dia orang /دي اورڠ (informal)
royal	baginda /بݢيندا

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Interjection

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ia (Jawi spellingاي)

Used to express affirmation;yes.
Synonyms:ya,haah(informal)
Antonyms:tak,tidak,bukan
Ia, itulah jawapan saya.
Yes, that is my answer.

Derived terms

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Affixations

Maori

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Etymology

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Pronoun

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they /he /she /it(genderless third person pronoun)
I titiroia ki te kurī.
They looked at the dog.

Maori personal pronouns
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	au,ahau	māua (exclusive) tāua (inclusive)	mātou (exclusive) tātou (inclusive)
2nd person	koe	kōrua	koutou
3rd person	ia	rāua	rātou

Middle French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchja, fromLatiniam.

Adverb

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already
- 1488, Jean Dupré,Lancelot du Lac, page61:
  le Roi Artus estoitia couché
  King Arthur was already in bed

Descendants

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French:jà(obsolete)

Niuean

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Etymology

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Pronoun

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he,she,it

Niuean personal pronouns
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	au	maua (exclusive) taua (inclusive)	mautolu (exclusive) tautolu (inclusive)
2nd person	koe	mua	mutolu
3rd person	ia	laua	lautolu

Old English

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /jɑː/

Adverb

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alternative form ofġēa

Otomaco

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Etymology

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CompareTaparitaia.

Noun

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water

References

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Tierra Firme (other copy)

Piaroa

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Noun

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clipping ofahiia

References

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A. Ernst,Upper Orinoco Vocabularies

Portuguese

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Etymology

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɐ/

Audio(Portugal (Porto)): (file)
Rhymes:-iɐ
Hyphenation:i‧a

Verb

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first/third-personsingular imperfect indicative ofir
(informal)alternative form ofiria

Rapa Nui

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Etymology

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Pronoun

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he,she

Rapa Nui personal pronouns
independent	singular	dual	plural
1st person	au	māua (exclusive) tāua (inclusive)	mātou (exclusive) tātou (inclusive)
2nd person	koe	kōrua
3rd person	ia	rāua

Romanian

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Etymology

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Perhaps from one of several similar words in neighboring languages, or perhaps fromiacă. Alternatively, perhaps a spontaneous creation of expression.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ja/
Audio: (file)
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-a
Homophone:ea

Interjection

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used to attract attention to the speaker;well,now,now then

Related terms

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Verb

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inflection oflua:

Romansch

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Pronoun

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ia(Surmiran)

alternative form ofjau(“I”)

Samoan

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Etymology

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FromProto-Polynesian*ia, fromProto-Oceanic*ia, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*ia, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*(si-)ia, fromProto-Austronesian*(si-)ia.

Pronoun

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he,she
E fanau mai eia le tama tane, e te faaigoa foi ia te ia o Iesu; aua e faaola eia lona nuu ai a latou agasala.
Andshe shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: forhe shall save his people from their sins.

Samoan personal pronouns
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	aʻu,ʻou	māʻua,mā (exclusive) tāʻua,tā (inclusive)	mātou (exclusive) tātou (inclusive)
2nd person	ʻoe,ʻe	ʻoulua	ʻoutou,tou
3rd person	ia,na	lāʻua	lātou

Particle

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Precedes a name to mark it as adirect object

Sranan Tongo

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Adverb

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obsolete form ofdya

Taparita

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Etymology

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CompareOtomacoia.

Noun

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water

References

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Tierra Firme (other copy)

Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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FromEnglishear.

Noun

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(anatomy)ear

Synonyms

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Tokelauan

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ˈi.a]
Hyphenation:i‧a

Etymology 1

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FromProto-Polynesian*ia. Cognates includeHawaiiania andSamoania.

Pronoun

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he,she

Tokelauan personal pronouns
independent	singular	dual	plural
long	short
1st person (exclusive)	au,kita¹	kimāua	kimā	kimātou
1st person (inclusive)	―	kitāua	kitā	kitātou
2nd person	koe	koulua	koutou
3rd person	ia	kilāua	kilā	kilātou

agentive clitic	singular	dual	plural
1st person (exclusive)	kō	kimā	kimātou
1st person (inclusive)	―	kitā	kitātou
2nd person	kē	koulua	koutou
3rd person	ia	kilā	kilātou

Article

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The personal article.
- 1948,Tūlāfono fakavae a Tokelau [Constitution of Tokelau]‎^[1], page 1:
  Ko kimatou,ia tagata o Tokelau, e takutino
  We,the people of Tokelau, say openly

Usage notes

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Used before apersonal pronoun,proper noun, humancollective,natural disaster or subject of a numeral not preceded by a preposition.

Derived terms

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ia te

Tokelauan articles
impersonal
	singular	plural
definite	te	nā
indefinite	he	ni

personal
	nominal	pronominal
simple	ia
afteri/ki	a	a te
aftermai	ia te

Etymology 2

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FromProto-Polynesian*ia. Cognates includeMaoriia andSamoania.

Particle

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Emphasises the preceding noun.

Interjection

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Used to attract attention;hey,oi
Used to introduce a new topic;so,anyway

References

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R. Simona, editor (1986),Tokelau Dictionary‎^[2], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page26

Tolai

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Etymology

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FromProto-Oceanic*ia, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*ia, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*ia, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*(si-)ia, fromProto-Austronesian*(si-)ia.

Pronoun

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Third-person singular pronoun:he,him;she,her

Declension

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Tolai personal pronouns
	singular	dual	paucal	plural
1st person exclusive	iau	amir mir	amital mital	avet ave¹
1st person inclusive	-	dor	datal	dat da¹
2nd person	u	amur mur	amutal mutal	avat ava¹
3rd person	ia i	dir di	dital	diat dia¹

¹⁾ The plural pronouns lose the final -t when preceding a verb.

Uneapa

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Etymology

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FromProto-Oceanic*ia, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*(si-)ia, fromProto-Austronesian*(si-)ia.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ia/

Pronoun

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Vandalic

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*jahw, cognate withGothic𐌾𐌰𐌷(jah),Old Englishġe.

Conjunction

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and
- c390,De conviviis barbaris
  Intereils Gothicumscapia matziaia drincan / non audet quisquam dignos educere versus.
  Between the Gothic [cries] “Hail” and “Let’s get [something to] eatand drink” / nobody dares to put forth decent verses.

Welsh

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Etymology

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Fromie with the unstressed final vowel lowered from /ɛ/ to /a/, a feature of north-west Walian speech.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈiː.a/,/ja/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-iːa

Particle

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(North Wales, colloquial)yes,aye
Synonym:ie
Antonyms:naci,nage
Fo ’di dy dad di?Ia, dyna fo.
Is he your dad?Yes, that’s him.
(North Wales, colloquial)interrogative particle(used sentence-finally when a non-verbal element is fronted for emphasis)
Synonym:ife
Fo ’di dy dad,ia?
He’s your dad,is he?

Usage notes

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Used to reply to questions or statements with a non-verbal element fronted for emphasis. For a regular unemphatic verb-initial question or statement, other words of agreement are employed.
Used in this way, the characteristically colloquial northern. In the standard and colloquial southern language,ie is the preferred form.
When used sentence-finally in the north, it follows a sentene containing a non-verbal element fronted for emphasis. The equivalent southern particle isife.

References

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R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ia”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

West Makian

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Etymology

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CompareTernategia,Sahugiama.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈi.a/

Noun

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hand
Synonyms:kamma,(polite)joujou

References

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James Collins (1982),Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary‎^[3], Pacific linguistics
Clemens Voorhoeve (1982),The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[4], Pacific linguistics

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