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hel

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "hel"

Cornish

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Etymology 1

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    FromOld Cornishhel, fromOld Englishheall,hall(“hall”), fromProto-West Germanic*hallu, fromProto-Germanic*hallō, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*ḱel-(“to cover”). CompareWelshhâl.

    Noun

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    hel f (pluralhelyoworhelow)

    1. hall
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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      FromOld Cornishhail, fromProto-Celtic*saglo-, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*seǵʰ-. Cognate withBreton andWelshhael.

      Adjective

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      hel

      1. benevolent,generous,hospitable,liberal

      Etymology 3

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        See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

        Noun

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        hel f

        1. Revived Late Cornish spelling ofhedhel(“plough handle, plough staff”)

        Further reading

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        • “hel” inCornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek.

        Danish

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        Pronunciation

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        • IPA(key): /heːˀl/,[ˈhe̝ˀl]

        Etymology 1

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        FromOld Norseheill, fromProto-Germanic*hailaz(“whole, sound”), cognate withEnglishwhole,Germanheil,Dutchheel,Gothic𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃(hails).

        Adjective

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        hel (neuterhelt,plural and definite singular attributivehele)

        1. whole,entire,complete,full(undivided, with all elements)
        2. whole,intact,undamaged(not broken)
        3. thehour,top of the hour(at the start of a new hour)
        4. entire (Used to indicate that an amount is considered large.)
          • 2012, Jan Sonnergaard,Trilogien, Gyldendal A/S,→ISBN:
            Man kan være så frygteligt alene i måneder,hele måneder ad gangen, og gøre stort set alt hvad der står i éns magt for at komme i kontakt.
            One can be so terribly alone for months,entire months at a time, and do practically anything in one's power to get in contact.
          • 2012, Ib Melchior,Spionjæger - en dansk kontraspions bedrifter i den amerikanske hær under 2. verdenskrig, Lindhardt og Ringhof,→ISBN:
            Jeg så en mand, der holdt sin Soldbuch frem til samtlige GI'er, der gik forbi i enhel halv time, og ingen tog notits af ham.
            I saw a man who held out his Soldbuch to every single GI who want past him for anentire half hour, and no one took any notice of him.

        Etymology 2

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        See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

        Verb

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        hel

        1. imperative ofhele

        Dutch

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        Pronunciation

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        Etymology 1

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        FromMiddle Dutchhelle, fromOld Dutchhella, fromProto-West Germanic*hallju, fromProto-Germanic*haljō, fromProto-Indo-European*ḱel-(“to cover, hide, conceal”).

        Noun

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        hel f (pluralhellen,diminutivehelletje n)

        1. (religion, mythology)hell, an infernalafterlife
          Synonyms:poel,jammerpoel
          Ik hoop dat je zal branden in dehel. ―I hope you will burn inhell.
        2. (figurative) a terrible place orordeal
          Hij maakte daarmee haar leven tot eenhel. ―With that he made her life into ahell.
        Derived terms
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        Descendants
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        Etymology 2

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        Probably borrowed fromGermanhell(“shining, very light”).

        Adjective

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        hel (comparativeheller,superlativehelst)

        2. bright
          Synonym:helder
        Declension
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        Declension ofhel
        uninflectedhel
        inflectedhelle
        comparativeheller
        positivecomparativesuperlative
        predicative/adverbialhelhellerhethelst
        hethelste
        indefinitem./f. sing.hellehellerehelste
        n. sing.helhellerhelste
        pluralhellehellerehelste
        definitehellehellerehelste
        partitivehelshellers—

        Etymology 3

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        Seehal.

        Noun

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        hel n orf (pluralhellen,diminutivehelletje n)

        1. alternative form ofhal(“frozen spot”)

        Etymology 4

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        See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

        Verb

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        hel

        1. inflection ofhellen:
          1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
          2. (in case ofinversion)second-personsingularpresentindicative
          3. imperative

        References

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        • van Veen, P.A.F.;van der Sijs, Nicoline (1997),Etymologisch woordenboek: de herkomst van onze woorden (in Dutch), Utrecht; Antwerpen: Van Dale Lexicografie,→ISBN

        Icelandic

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        Etymology

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        FromOld Norsehel, fromProto-Germanic*haljō, fromProto-Indo-European*ḱel-(“to cover, hide, conceal”).

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        hel f (genitive singularheljar,no plural)

        1. hell (underworld),death

        Usage notes

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        • The dativehelju also occurs, mainly in the phraseheimta úr helju.
        • The word is normally not used with suffixed article, but the genitive definite form,heljarinnar, occurs as an intensifier (meaning something like “hell of a”).

        Declension

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        Declension ofhel (sg-only feminine)
        singular
        indefinitedefinite
        nominativehel—
        accusativehel—
        dativehel,helju1—
        genitiveheljarheljarinnar1

        1In set phrases.

        Related terms

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        Limburgish

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        Etymology 1

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        From Early Modern Limburgishhèl, fromMiddle Dutchhelle.

        Alternative forms

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        Noun

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        hel f

        1. hell
        2. (figuratively) a bad place to be
          Synonym:verdommenis

        Etymology 2

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        From earlierhelle.

        Alternative forms

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        Adjective

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        hel (comparativehelder,superlativehels,predicative superlative'thèls)

        1. hard,tough,difficult
        2. hard,rough,pointed
        3. hard,heavy
        4. hard,solid
        5. loud

        Middle English

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        Etymology 1

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        Noun

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        hel

        1. alternative form ofhele(“health”)

        Etymology 2

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        Proper noun

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        hel

        1. alternative form ofhelle

        Northern Kurdish

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        Noun

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        hel f

        1. solution

        Synonyms

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        Derived terms

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        Norwegian Bokmål

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        Etymology 1

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        FromOld Norseheill(“whole, complete”), fromProto-Germanic*hailaz.

        Alternative forms

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        Adjective

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        hel (neuter singularhelt,definite singular and pluralhele)

        1. whole, unbroken
          Hun har ikke røykt på enhel uke.
          She hasn't smoked for awhole week.
          Jeg vet ikke,hele denne greia virker litt risikabel for meg.
          I don't know, thiswhole thing seems a little risky to me.
          Jeg tror ikke han forstår hvorfor, Harry, men han hadde det så travelt med å kveste sin egen sjel at han aldri tok seg tid til å forstå den uforliknelige kraft i en sjel som er uplettet oghel. (from page 463 of the Norwegian translation ofHarry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince,Harry Potter og Halvblodsprinsen)
          I do not think he understands why, Harry, but he was in such a hurry to mutilate his own soul, he never paused to understand the incomparable power of a soul that is untarnished andwhole. (from page 478 of the original British version ofHarry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince)
        2. pure,all
          Jeg fikk tak i en genser ihel ull, den blir god å ha når vinteren kommer.
          I got myself apure wool sweater, it'll come in handy when winter arrives.
        3. (used as a noun) it, all of it, the whole/entire thing
          Og det beste ved dethele er at jeg slipper å se deg i to,hele måneder!
          And the best part of it is that I don't have to see you for twowhole months!
        Synonyms
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        whole, unbroken, pure
        Derived terms
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        See also terms derived fromheil

        Etymology 2

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        Verb

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        hel

        1. imperative ofhele

        References

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        Norwegian Nynorsk

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        Etymology

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        FromOld Norsehel, fromProto-Germanic*haljō, fromProto-Indo-European*ḱel-(“to cover, hide, conceal”). Cognate withFaroese andIcelandichel.

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        hel f

        1. death,underworld
          ihel ―to death
        2. (Norsemythology)Hel (therealm of the dead who did not die in combat)
          Synonyms:helheim,daudeheim,dauderike

        Derived terms

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        Related terms

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        References

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        • “hel” inThe Ordnett Dictionary
        • “hel” inThe Nynorsk Dictionary.

        Old Dutch

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        Etymology

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        FromProto-West Germanic*hail, fromProto-Germanic*hailaz.

        Adjective

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        hēl

        1. healthy,wholesome

        Inflection

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        Declension ofhēl (a-stem)
        strong declension
        casemasculinefeminineneuterplural
        nominativehēlhēlhēlhēla,hēle
        accusativehēlan,hēlenhēlahēlhēla,hēle
        genitivehēleshēlerohēleshēlero
        dativehēlin,hēlemohēlerohēlin,hēlemohēlon
        weak declension
        casemasculinefeminineneuterplural
        nominativehēlohēlahēlahēlon
        accusativehēlonhēlonhēlahēlon
        genitivehēlinhēlonhēlinhēlono
        dativehēlinhēlonhēlinhēlon

        Synonyms

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        Descendants

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        References

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        • “hēl”, inOudnederlands Woordenboek,2012

        Old English

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        Alternative forms

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        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        hel f

        1. alternative form ofhell

        Declension

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        Strongō-stem:

        singularplural
        nominativehelhela,hele
        accusativehelehela,hele
        genitivehelehela
        dativehelehelum

        Old Frisian

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        Etymology

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        FromProto-West Germanic*hail, fromProto-Germanic*hailaz, fromProto-Indo-European*kéh₂ilos. Cognates includeOld Englishhāl,Old Saxonhēl andOld Dutchheil.

        Pronunciation

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        • IPA(key): /ˈheːl/,[ˈhɛːl]

        Adjective

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        hēl

        1. whole

        Descendants

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        References

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        • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009),An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company,→ISBN

        Old Norse

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        Etymology

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        FromProto-Germanic*haljō. Doublet ofHel.

        Noun

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        hel f (genitiveheljar,dativehelju)

        1. (Germanicpaganism) theunderworld, personified the goddess of the same name
        2. (Christianity)Hell

        Declension

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        Declension ofhel (strongjō-stem)
        femininesingularplural
        indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
        nominativehelhelinheljarheljarnar
        accusativehelhelinaheljarheljarnar
        dativehel,heljuhelinni,heljunniheljumheljunum
        genitiveheljarheljarinnarheljaheljanna

        Note the-u in the dative singular.

        Related terms

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        Descendants

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        Further reading

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        • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “hel”, inA Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at theInternet Archive

        Old Saxon

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        Etymology 1

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        FromProto-West Germanic*hallju, fromProto-Germanic*haljō, fromProto-Indo-European*ḱel-(“to cover, hide, conceal”).

        Noun

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        hel f

        1. hell
        Alternative forms
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        Derived terms
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        Descendants
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        Etymology 2

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        FromProto-West Germanic*hail, fromProto-Germanic*hailaz.

        Adjective

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        hēl

        1. whole,hale
        Declension
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        Positive forms of hēl
        Strong declension
        singularplural
        masculinefeminineneutermasculinefeminineneuter
        nominativehēlhēlhēlhēle,hēlahēlahēl,hēla
        accusativehēlan,hēlenhēlahēlhēla,hēlehēlahēl,hēla
        genitivehēles,hēlashēlara,hēlarohēles,hēlashēlaro,hēloro,hēlerohēlaro,hēloro,hēlerohēlaro,hēloro,hēlero
        dativehēlumu,hēlum,hēlun,hēlun,hēlon,hēlen,hēlanhēlaro,hēlaru,hēlarahēlumu,hēlum,hēlun,hēlun,hēlon,hēlen,hēlanhēlun,hēlon,hēlumhēlun,hēlonhēlun,hēlon,hēlum
        Weak declension
        singularplural
        masculinefeminineneutermasculinefeminineneuter
        nominativehēlo,hēlahēla,hēlehēla,hēlehēlon,hēlunhēlon,hēlun,hēlanhēlon,hēlun
        accusativehēlon,hēlanhēlun,hēlon,hēlanhēla,hēlehēlon,hēlunhēlon,hēlun,hēlanhēlon,hēlun
        genitivehēlen,hēlanhēlun,hēlan,hēlenhēlen,hēlanhēlono,hēlenohēlonohēlono,hēleno
        dativehēlon,hēlen,hēlanhēlun,hēlanhēlon,hēlen,hēlanhēlon,hēlunhēlon,hēlunhēlon,hēlun
        Descendants
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        Etymology 3

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        FromProto-West Germanic*hail, fromProto-Germanic*hailaz, a noun of similar derivation to the above adjective.

        Noun

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        hēl n

        1. omen
        Declension
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        hēl (neuter a-stem)
        singularplural
        nominativehēlhēl
        accusativehēlhēl
        genitivehēleshēlō
        dativehēlehēlun
        instrumental——
        Alternative forms
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        Descendants
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        • Middle Low German:hēl

        Papiamentu

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        Etymology

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        FromDutchgeel.

        Adjective

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        hel

        1. yellow

        Polish

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        PolishWikipedia has an article on:
        Wikipediapl
        Chemical element
        He
        Previous:wodór (H)
        Next:lit (Li)

        Pronunciation

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        Etymology 1

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        Learned borrowing fromNew Latinhēlium.

        Noun

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        hel m inan (related adjectivehelowy)

        1. helium(second lightest chemical element (symbol He) with an atomic number of 2 and atomic weight of 4.002602, a colorless, odorless, and inert noble gas)
        Declension
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        Declension ofhel
        singular
        nominativehel
        genitivehelu
        dativehelowi
        accusativehel
        instrumentalhelem
        locativehelu
        vocativehelu
        Derived terms
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        nouns

        Etymology 2

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        (Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Perhaps related to Hel”)

        Noun

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        hel m inan

        1. (Kociewie, Malbork)airy,high place
        Alternative forms
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        Further reading

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        • hel inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
        • hel in Polish dictionaries at PWN
        • hel in PWN's encyclopedia
        • Dr Nadmorski (Józef Łęgowski) (1889), “hel”, in “Spis wyrazów właściwych gwarze malborskiej i kociewskiej”, inWisła. Miesięcznik Geograficzno-Etnograficzny (in Polish), volume3 z.4, page744

        Somali

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        Verb

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        hel

        1. tolike
        2. tofind

        Swedish

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        Etymology

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        FromOld Norseheill, fromProto-Germanic*hailaz.

        Pronunciation

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        Adjective

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        hel (comparativehelare,superlativehelast)

        1. (only attributively) (the)whole
          Hela huset brann ner
          The whole house burned down
          Jag skulle kunna äta enhel elefant
          I could eat anentire elephant
        2. whole (intact, not broken)
          Fönstret ärhelt
          The windowisn't broken
        3. (as a prefix)completely,totally,full,whole

        Declension

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        Inflection ofhel
        Indefinitepositivecomparativesuperlative1
        common singularhelhelarehelast
        neuter singularhelthelarehelast
        pluralhelahelarehelast
        masculine plural2helehelarehelast
        Definitepositivecomparativesuperlative
        masculine singular3helehelarehelaste
        allhelahelarehelaste

        1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
        2 Dated or archaic.
        3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

        Derived terms

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        Related terms

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        References

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        Welsh

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        Pronunciation

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        Etymology 1

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        FromProto-Celtic*selgā, fromProto-Indo-European*selǵ-(“let loose, send”). Cognate withOld Irishselg.[1]

        Alternative forms

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        Verb

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        hel (first-person singular presenthelaf,not mutable)

        1. (North Wales) tosend, todrive
          Synonyms:danfon,gyrru,anfon
        2. (North Wales) tochase, topursue
          Synonyms:erlid,ymlid
        3. (North Wales) tocollect, togather
          Synonyms:casglu,crynhoi
        4. (North Wales) tofrequent, tovisit often
          ymweld
        Conjugation
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        Conjugation ofhel (literary)
        singularpluralimpersonal
        firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
        present indicative/futurehelafhelihelahelwnhelwchhelanthelir
        imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
        conditional        		helwnhelithelaihelemhelechhelenthelid
        preteritehelaishelaistheloddhelasomhelasochhelasanthelwyd
        pluperfecthelaswnhelasithelasaihelasemhelasechhelasenthelasid,helesid
        present subjunctivehelwyfhelychhelohelomhelochhelontheler
        imperative—helaheledhelwnhelwchhelentheler
        verbal nounhel
        verbal adjectivesheledig
        heladwy
        Conjugation ofhel (colloquial)
        inflected
        colloquial forms        		singularplural
        firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
        futurehela i,
        helaf i        		heli dihelith o/e/hi,
        heliff e/hi        		helwn nihelwch chihelan nhw
        conditionalhelwn i,
        helswn i        		helet ti,
        helset ti        		helai fo/fe/hi,
        helsai fo/fe/hi        		helen ni,
        helsen ni        		helech chi,
        helsech chi        		helen nhw,
        helsen nhw
        preteritehelais i,
        heles i        		helaist ti,
        helest ti        		helodd o/e/hihelon niheloch chihelon nhw
        imperative—hela——helwch—

        Note:All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

        Derived terms
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        Related terms
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        Etymology 2

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        Adjective

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        hel

        1. h-prothesized form ofel

        Mutation

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        Mutated forms ofel
        radicalsoftnasalh-prothesis
        elunchangedunchangedhel

        Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
        All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

        References

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        1. ^R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke,et al., editors (1950–present), “hel”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

        West Frisian

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        Etymology

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        FromOld Frisianhelle, fromProto-West Germanic*hallju.

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        hel c (plural[please provide])

        1. hell

        Further reading

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        • “hel”, inWurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch),2011

        Yola

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        Etymology

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        FromMiddle Englishhalle, fromOld Englishhol.

        Pronunciation

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        Adjective

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        hel

        1. hollow

        Derived terms

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        References

        [edit]
        • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867,page45
        Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=hel&oldid=89567413"
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