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hawk

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Ared-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis)

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishhauk,hauke,hawke,havek, fromOld Englishhafoc(“hawk”), fromProto-West Germanic*habuk, fromProto-Germanic*habukaz, controversially derived fromProto-Indo-European*kopuǵos, perhaps ultimately derived from*kap-(“seize”).

See alsoWest Frisianhauk,German Low GermanHaavke,Dutchhavik,GermanHabicht,Swedishhök,Danishhøg,Norwegian Bokmålhauk,Norwegian Nynorskhauk,Faroeseheykur,Icelandichaukur,Finnishhaukka,Estonianhaugas; alsoLatincapys,capus(“bird of prey”),Albaniangabonjë,shkabë(“eagle”),Russianко́бец(kóbec,“falcon”),Polishkobuz(“Eurasian Hobby”)).

Noun

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hawk (pluralhawks)

  2. Adiurnalpredatorybird of the familyAccipitridae, smaller than aneagle.
    It is illegal to hunthawks or other raptors in many parts of the world.
    • c.1503–1512,John Skelton,Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor,John Skelton: The Complete English Poems,1983,→OCLC, page63, lines47–48:
      He made hishawke to fly,
      With hogeous showte and cry.
  3. Any diurnal predatory terrestrial bird of similar size and appearance to theaccipitrid hawks, such as afalcon.
  4. (entomology) Any of various species ofdragonfly of the generaApocordulia andAustrocordulia,endemic to Australia.
  5. (politics) Anadvocate ofaggressive political positions and actions.[from 1962]
    Synonyms:warmonger,war hawk
    Antonym:dove
    • 1990,Peter Hopkirk,The Great Game, Folio Society, published2010, page106:
      Ahawk by nature, Ellenborough strongly favoured presenting St Petersburg with an ultimatum warning that any further incursions into Persia would be regarded as a hostile act.
    • 2012 October 11 [1962], Michael Dobbs, quotingMcGeorge Bundy, “The original hawks and doves”, inForeign Policy‎[1]:
      “Everybody knows who were thehawks and who were the doves,” Bundy told the ExComm on the morning of October 28, after Khrushchev announced that he was withdrawing his missiles. “Today was the day of the doves.”
    • 2019, “The World in 2020”, inThe Economist:
      President Donald Trump has spent years playing the role of a Chinahawk.
  6. (game theory) An uncooperative or purely selfish participant in an exchange or game, especially whenuntrusting,acquisitive ortreacherous. Refers specifically to theprisoner's dilemma,a.k.a. the Hawk-Dove game.
    Antonym:dove
  7. (US, especially Chicago, and nationwide in African-American, often with "the")Cold,sharp orbitingwind.
    • 2000 September 26, William Anderson,A Season of Flames, Xlibris Corporation,→ISBN, page27:
      […] take-out sandwich from Arnie's on Jackson, then a brisk walk to Michigan Avenue in the face of the "Hawk," blowing newspapers and skirts and the gulls wheeling over the Michigan Avenue Bridge in front of[…]
    • 2002 June 25, Charles W. Dryden,A-Train: Memoirs of a Tuskegee Airman, University of Alabama Press,→ISBN, page215:
      […] a hand-fired coal furnace that required little attention and kept the cottage coy in spite of "thehawk" blowing icy blasts outside. So in spite of Thumper's continuing discomfort we enjoyed a fairly merry Christmas. But then the base daily bulletin was published with the roster of OGs (officers of the guard) for the […]
    • 2007 December 1, Gay G. Gunn,Pride and Joi, Kensington Books,→ISBN, page47:
      I wanna learn by Ruby's birthday party." Pride turned up his collar against thehawk blowing from the river."
    • 2017 May 30, Samantha Irby,We Are Never Meeting in Real Life.: Essays, Vintage,→ISBN, page95:
      […] in Chicago[…] I can't help but love winter and fall. Mostly fall, because fuck snow, and thathawk blowing off the lake is enough to make your teeth drop right out of your skull , but winter can be kind of okay if it doesn't snow a whole lot and no one asks me to go sledding or do some other Hallmark-movie nonsense.
Hyponyms
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Derived terms
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Related terms
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Related terms
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Descendants
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  • Sranan Tongo:aka
Translations
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predatory bird ofAccipitridae
similar bird
advocate of aggressive politics
game theory: type of player
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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hawk (third-person singular simple presenthawks,present participlehawking,simple past and past participlehawked)

  1. (transitive) Tohunt with a hawk.
    • c.1503–1512,John Skelton,Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor,John Skelton: The Complete English Poems,1983,→OCLC, page62, lines9–10:
      Tohawke, or els to hunt
      From the auter to the funt
    • 2003, Brenda Joyce,House of Dreams, page175:
      He rode astride whilehawking; she falconed in the ladylike position of sidesaddle.
  2. (intransitive) To make an attack while on the wing; to soar and strike like a hawk.
    tohawk at flies
Derived terms
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Translations
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to hunt with a hawk

Etymology 2

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Uncertain; perhaps fromMiddle Englishhache(“battle-axe”), or from a variant use ofthe above, for this compare withRussianсо́кол(sókol,“falcon, but also a hawk (plaster's tool),mortarboard”).

Noun

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

hawk (pluralhawks)

  1. Aplasterer'stool, made of a flat surface with a handle below, used to hold an amount ofplaster prior to application to the wall or ceiling being worked on: amortarboard.
    Synonym:mortarboard
Derived terms
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Translations
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plasterer's tool

Etymology 3

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Back-formation fromhawker.

Verb

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hawk (third-person singular simple presenthawks,present participlehawking,simple past and past participlehawked)

  1. (transitive) Tosell; to offer for sale byoutcry in thestreet; to carry (merchandise) about from place to place for sale; topeddle.
    The vendors werehawking their wares from little tables lining either side of the market square.
    • 1713,Jonathan Swift,Imitation of Horace, Book I. Ep. VII:
      His works werehawked in every street.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Related terms
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Translations
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to sell

Etymology 4

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    Probably imitative, likehock(“cough”),hack(“cough”), although see the latter entry for more.[1]

    Noun

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    hawk (pluralhawks)

    1. Anoisy effort to force upphlegm from the throat.
      Synonym:hawking
    Translations
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    an effort to force up phlegm

    Verb

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    hawk (third-person singular simple presenthawks,present participlehawking,simple past and past participlehawked)

    1. (transitive, intransitive) Toexpectorate, tocough up (something, such as mucus) from one's throat; to produce (something) by coughing orclearing one's throat.
      tohawk a loogie
    2. (transitive, intransitive) To try tocough up something from one's throat; to clear thethroat loudly; tocoughheavily, especially causinguvularfrication.
      Grandpa sat on the front porch,hawking and wheezing, as he packed his pipe with cheap tobacco.
    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat

    See also

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    Further reading

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    References

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    1. ^“hawk”, inMerriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.:Merriam-Webster, 1996–present., cf“hock”, inMerriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.:Merriam-Webster, 1996–present. andthis MW discussion ofhawk-vs-hock

    Anagrams

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    Manx

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    Noun

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    hawk

    1. lenited form ofshawk
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