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gulp

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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WOTD – 26 December 2015

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishgulpen, probably fromWest Flemish orMiddle Dutchgulpen,golpen, of uncertain origin. Perhaps ofimitative origin, or related toDutchgalpen(“to roar, squeal”),Englishgalp,gaup(“to gape”).

Related toGerman Low Germangulpen(“to gush out, belch, gulp”),West Frisiangjalpe,gjalpje,gjealpje(“to gush, spurt forth”),Danishgulpe,gylpe(“to gulp up, disgorge”), dialectalSwedishglapa(“to gulp down”),Old Englishgalpettan(“to gulp down, eat greedily, devour”). More atgalp.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ɡʌlp/
Audio(General Australian): (file)
Rhymes:-ʌlp

Noun

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gulp (pluralgulps)

Theusualamountswallowed.
Synonym:slug
- [1898],J[ohn] Meade Falkner,Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.:Jonathan Cape, published1934,→OCLC:
  What the liquor was I do not know, but it was not so strong but that I could swallow it in greatgulps and found it less burning than my burning throat.
The sound of swallowing, sometimes indicating fear.
- 1905 April–October,Upton Sinclair, chapterXVII, inThe Jungle, New York, N.Y.:Doubleday, Page & Company, published 26 February 1906,→OCLC:
  Little Stanislovas was also trembling, and all but too frightened to speak. "They — they sent me to tell you — " he said, with agulp.
- 1994, James Charles Collins, Jerry I. Porras,Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies:
  Indeed, the envisioned future should produce a bit of "thegulp factor"[…], there should be an almost audible "gulp".
(rare, computing) An unspecified small number ofbytes, often two.

Derived terms

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gulpful

Translations

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usual amount swallowed

Afrikaans:sluk (af)
Armenian:կում (hy)(kum),ումպ (hy)(ump)
Azerbaijani:udum (az),qurtum,içim
Bulgarian:глътка (bg) f(glǎtka)
Catalan:glop (ca) m
Czech:lok (cs) m,hlt (cs) m
Dutch:slok (nl) m or f
Finnish:nielaus;kulaus (fi),huikka (fi)(of a drink)
French:gorgée (fr) f,trait (fr) m
Galician:chope m,grolo (gl) m,gulapo m,trago (gl) m,groucho m
German:Schluck (de) m
Greek:γουλιά (el) f(gouliá)(liquid),χαψιά (el) f(chapsiá)(solid)
Ancient Greek:βρόχθος m(brókhthos)
Hungarian:falat (hu),korty (hu)
Ingrian:klonksu
Kapampangan:aldukan
Latgalian:guļdzs
Latvian:malks
Lithuanian:gurkšnis,maukas
Maltese:belgħa f
Māori:haupa,whaupa
Portuguese:gole (pt)
Romanian:înghițitură (ro) f
Russian:глото́к (ru) m(glotók)
Spanish:trago (es) m,tucún m,buche (es) m,lapo (es) m,bochinche (es) m
Swedish:klunk (sv)
Vietnamese:ngụm (vi)

sound of swallowing

Bulgarian:гълтане n(gǎltane)
Finnish:nielaus
German:schlucken (de)
Hungarian:nyelés (hu),kortyolás
Japanese:ゴク (ja)(goku)
Spanish:glup (es)
Vietnamese:ực (vi)

sound of swallowing indicating fear

Finnish:nielaus
Spanish:glup (es)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic:^{(pleaseverify)}гу̏тља̄ј m
Latin:^(please verify)gȕtljāj (sh) m
Telugu:^(please verify)గుక్క (te)(gukka),^{(pleaseverify)}గుటక (te)(guṭaka)

Verb

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gulp (third-person singular simple presentgulps,present participlegulping,simple past and past participlegulped)

To swallow eagerly, or in large draughts; to swallow up; to take down in one swallow.
Synonyms:seeThesaurus:drink
- 1782,William Cowper,Table-Talk:
  He does not swallow, but hegulps it down.
Toreactnervously by swallowing.
- 1930,P. G. Wodehouse,A Damsel in Distress, published2004, page198:
  The man eyed Percy with a chilly eye. "Well," he said, "What's troublin you?" Percygulped. The man's mere appearance was a sedative. "Er-nothing! […]"
- 2003, Carl Deuker,High Heat, page140:
  I'd always been nervous-excited; this was nervous-terrified. When I finished puking, I sat downgulping air for a while, trying to pull myself together.
- 2006, Nancy Anne Nicholson,Thin White Female in No Acute Distress: A Memoir, page187:
  My heart was beating madly and I wasgulping nervous energy.

Derived terms

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Translations

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to swallow eagerly, or in large draughts

Armenian:կուլ տալ(kul tal),կլանել (hy)(klanel)
Azerbaijani:qurtumlamaq
Bulgarian:гълтам (bg)(gǎltam),поглъщам (bg)(poglǎštam)
Czech:zhltnout (cs) pf,hltat impf,hodit do sebe pf
Dutch:slokken (nl),inslikken (nl)
Esperanto:trinkegi
Finnish:kulautella (fi)(in large draughts);kulauttaa,siemaista(hastily)
Galician:engulir (gl)
German:schlingen (de),verschlingen (de)
Greek:ρουφώ (el)(roufó)
Ancient Greek:κάπτω(káptō)
Ancient Greek:λάπτω(láptō)
Hungarian: (mohón (hu))lenyel (hu)
Icelandic:gleypa (is)
Ingrian:luikata
Macedonian:голта(golta)
Māori:whaupa,horopeta,horomi,karapetau
Norwegian:
Bokmål:belme
Russian:глота́ть (ru) impf(glotátʹ),глотну́ть (ru) pf(glotnútʹ);загла́тывать (ru) impf(zaglátyvatʹ),заглоти́ть (ru) pf(zaglotítʹ),заглоти́ть (ru) pf(zaglotítʹ),заглотну́ть (ru) pf(zaglotnútʹ)
Spanish:tragar (es),zampar (es),deglutir (es),engullir (es),embuchar (es),embocar (es)
Swedish:klunka (sv),kolka (sv),bälga (sv)
Vietnamese:ực (vi),nuốt (vi)

to react nervously

Bulgarian:преглъщам (bg)(preglǎštam)
Czech:naprázdno polknout pf
Finnish:nielaista (fi)
Hungarian:nyel egyet
Romance:
Spanish:glup... (es) m(gulp..., literally“gulp”)
Russian:сгла́тывать (ru) impf(sglátyvatʹ),сглотну́ть (ru) pf(sglotnútʹ)
Swedish:svälja (sv)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Czech:^{(pleaseverify)}polknout (cs)
Dutch:^{(pleaseverify)}slikken (nl)
Māori:^{(pleaseverify)}whaupa
Telugu:^{(pleaseverify)}మింగు (te)(miṅgu)

Interjection

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gulp

Anindication of (thesound of) aninvoluntary fear reaction in the form of aswallowing motion.
Synonym:ulp
- 1982, Gary Smalley,If Only He Knew, page163:
  "Honey, I know you want to go to their home next week, but there's one thing that keeps happening when we're together that really drives me away from social gatherings in general. (Oh, what is it …gulp.) Well, I'm not sure I can really explain it without offending you. (Gulp,gulp.) Do you really want to talk about it? (Yes.) […]"
- 1990 December 9, Ed Fendor, “The Promised Land”, inGay Community News, volume18, number21, page 4:
  I wonder: if it had not been forGCN, would I now be the one who settles for the semi-closeted, factionalized world thatBay Windows and its ilk define as Shangri-la? Perhaps. What is certain, however, is that you have never jettisoned concern fror anybody for the sake of popularity and (gulp) assimilationist marketability.