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FromMiddle Englishgoyng to, first attested in 1483[1]—some earlier attestations have been claimed, though these are disputed—andgrammaticalized over the course of theEarly Modern period. Possibly influenced by the comparable use ofMiddle Frenchaller(“go”), which arose somewhat earlier and is preserved in modern French.[2]
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| will | going to | ||
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| I'll give you a hundred dollars. | • I am offering you the money. • I propose the money as my part of an exchange with you. | I'mgoing to give you a hundred dollars. (orI'm giving you a hundred dollars.) | • I have already decided to give you the money. |
| I'll study architecture. | • I plan to study architecture • I have an idea—to study architecture. • Studying architecture will solve my dilemma. | I'mgoing to study architecture. | • I have been accepted to study architecture. • I will shortly be starting my studies in architecture. • I firmly intend to study architecture and you can't change my mind. |
| We'll have a baby. | • We intend or plan to have a baby (nobody is pregnant yet). • I propose we have a baby. • By that point, we will have had a baby. | We'regoing to have a baby. (orWe're having a baby.) | • One of us is already pregnant. • We are determined to have a baby. • We plan to have a baby and you can't stop us. |
| You'll die. | • That course of action will cause your death (If you do that is implied). | You'regoing to die. | • Your fate is sealed. • I am threatening to kill you. |
| If you do that,you'll die. | • If you do that, you are likely to die. • I fear you will die. • I am threatening to kill you (but more calmly; please, friend, reassess your course of action.) | If you do that, you'regoing to die. | • If you do that, it will inevitably cause your death. (Can also be used under the same circumstances asyou'll die, but conveys the thought more strongly.) • I am threatening to kill you (but more firmly; go ahead, try me.) |
| Butyou'll die. | • You mustn't do that, because it would cause your death. (You may or may not have been aware of that.) | But you'regoing to die. | • We already know you are going to die; therefore you can't do that (either because your death will preclude it, or because the fact of your death makes it inadvisable). • You know this course of action will kill you; why do you persist in it? |
| She'll be all right. | • I am reassuring you. • Based on my experience, I believe she'll be all right. • I am trying to convince myself she'll be all right. | She'sgoing to be all right. | • I am reassuring you (in stronger terms); there is no reason to doubt she'll be all right. • Good news: it has been confirmed she will recover. |
| We'll be there at nine. | • We plan to arrive at nine. • We expect to arrive at nine given experience. | We'regoing to be there at nine. | • It has become clear that we will arrive at nine. • Our plans have changed/circumstances have intervened and we will now be arriving at nine. |
| Nobodywill come. | • I worry nobody will come. • I predict nobody will come. • Nobody will come if you do what you propose. | Nobody isgoing to come. | • I have become resigned to nobody coming. • I predict nobody will come (but more strongly or cynically; you are foolish to think anyone will come). |
| Will you go to the store? | • Please go to the store. | Are yougoing to go to the store? | • An actual question: do you intend to go to the store? |
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, Oxford:Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
Going-to future on Wikipedia.Wikipedia