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gli

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:gli-

Alemannic German

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IPA^(key): /ɡ̊li/

Adverb

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gli

soon
Synonym:bald

Italian

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): (when in isolation or before a consonant)^*/ʎi/,(before a vowel)^*/ʎ/
Hyphenation:gli

Etymology 1

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FromLatinillī (nominative masculine plural ofille). Cognate withSicilianli~i.

Alternative forms

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li(archaic outside of dialects),gl'(apocopated)

Article

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gli m pl (singularlo)

form of the articlei(“the”) used before a vowel,impure s, gn, pn, ps, sc, x, y, and z, and also with the plural noundei(“gods”);the
gli alberi ―the trees
gli studenti ―the students
gli gnomi ―the gnomes
gli pneumatici ―the tires
gli sciami ―the swarms
gli xilofoni ―the xylophones
gli yogurt ―the yogurts
gli zaini ―the backpacks
gli dei ―the gods

Inflection

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Italian definite articles
	singular	plural
masculine	il lo (l')	i gli
feminine	la (l')	le

Etymology 2

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FromLatinillī (dative masculine singular ofille). Cognate withSicilianci.

Alternative forms

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li(archaic),je(dialectal, Rome and central Italy),gl'(apocopated)

Pronoun

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gli m (pluralgli)

(dative)him, to him;it; to it
Gli parlo. ―I talkto him.

Usage notes

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Becomesglie- when followed by a non-reflexive third-person accusative or genitive clitic pronoun (lo,la,li,le, orne).

Etymology 3

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FromLatinillī (dative feminine singular ofille). Cognate withSicilianci.

Alternative forms

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je(dialectal, Rome and central Italy)

Pronoun

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gli f (pluralgli)

(dative, nonstandard)her, toher
- ca. 1349-1353,Giovanni Boccaccio,The Decameron, Tommaso Edlin (1725), page98:
  […] ne prima altro fece, che ella s’ingegnò di veder Beltramo, & appreſſo nel coſpetto del Re venuta di gratia chieſe, che la ſua infermitagli moſtraſſe.
  Before aught else she studied to see Bertrand and next, presenting herself before the king, she prayed him of his favour/favor to show her his ailment.
Synonym:le
Ho detto a Gianna chegli telefono domani.
I told Gianna I'd callher tomorrow.

Usage notes

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Becomesglie- when followed by a third-person direct-object clitic pronoun (lo,la,li,le, orne).
Although historically attested and etymologically justifiable (fromillī f sg), this form is nonetheless, to this day, considered incorrect and is therefore only acceptable in an informal, colloquial context and register.[1]

Etymology 4

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FromLatinillīs (dative plural ofille). Cognate withSicilianci.

Alternative forms

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li(archaic),je(dialectal, Rome and central Italy),gl'(apocopated)

Pronoun

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gli m pl or f pl

(dative)them, to them
Gli parlerò. ―I'll talkto them.
- For quotations using this term, seeCitations:gli.

Usage notes

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Becomesglie when followed by a third-person direct-object clitic pronoun (lo,la,li,le, orne).

Derived terms

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Number	Person	Gender	Nominative	Reflexive	Accusative	Dative	Combined	Disjunctive	Locative	Partitive
Singular	first	—	io	mi,m',-mi			me	me	—
	second	—	tu	ti,t',-ti			te	te	—
	third	m	lui	si²,s',-si	lo,l',-lo	gli,-gli	glie,se²	lui,sé	ci,c', vi,v'(formal)	ne,n'
	third	f	lei,Lei¹	si²,s',-si	la,La¹,l',L'¹,-la,-La¹	le³,Le¹,-le³,-Le¹	glie,se²	lei,Lei¹,sé	ci,c', vi,v'(formal)	ne,n'
Plural	first	—	noi	ci,c',-ci			ce	noi	—
	second	—	voi,Voi⁴	vi,Vi⁴,v',V'⁴,-vi,-Vi⁴			ve	voi,Voi⁴	—
	third	m	loro,Loro¹	si,s',-si	li,Li¹,-li,-Li¹	gli,-gli,loro(formal), Loro¹	glie,se	loro,Loro¹,sé	ci,c', vi,v'(formal)	ne,n'
	third	f	loro,Loro¹	si,s',-si	le,Le¹,-le,-Le¹	gli,-gli,loro(formal), Loro¹	glie,se	loro,Loro¹,sé	ci,c', vi,v'(formal)	ne,n'
¹	Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
²	Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
³	Often replaced bygli,-gli in informal language.
⁴	Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with Frenchvous).

References

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^gli o le (La grammatica italiana) in Treccani.it –Enciclopedia Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Alternative forms

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glida,glide(long forms)

Etymology

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FromMiddle Low Germangliden, fromProto-Germanic*glīdaną.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ɡliː/
Homophone:glid

Verb

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gli (present tenseglir,past tenseglei,supineglidd/glidtorglide,past participlegliddorgliden,present participleglidande,imperativegli)

toslip (to lose one's traction on a slippery surface)
Hanglei på isen.
Heslipped on the ice.
toglide (to move effortlessly)
Skiaglir godt.
The skisglide well.