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ful

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:fúl,fûl,fül,-ful,andful-

Translingual

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Symbol

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ful

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-2 &ISO 639-3language code forFula.

Catalan

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CatalanWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaca

Etymology

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Borrowed fromFula𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫.

Adjective

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ful (invariable)

  1. (relational) ofFula

Noun

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ful m (uncountable)

  1. Fula

Related terms

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Danish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsefúll, fromProto-Germanic*fūlaz, cognate withSwedishful,Englishfoul,Germanfaul,Dutchvuil.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ful (neuterfult,plural and definite singular attributivefule)

  1. (dated)nasty,ugly

Korlai Creole Portuguese

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromMarathiफूल(phūl).

Noun

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ful

  1. flower

References

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Maltese

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Etymology

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FromArabicفُول(fūl).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ful m (collective,singulativefula,paucalfuliet)

  1. broad bean,broad beans

See also

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Englishfull, fromProto-West Germanic*full, fromProto-Germanic*fullaz, fromProto-Indo-European*pl̥h₁nós.

Alternative forms

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Adverb

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ful

  1. very;much; to a great extent
    • 1407,The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages40–41:
      And I seide, "Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden offul many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe. And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge.[]
      And I said, "Sir, in his time master John Wycliffe was held byvery many men the greatest clerk that they knew living upon earth. And with this he was named, as I believe worthily, an excellent ruly and innocent man in all his living. []
  2. full
    • ca. 1384,John Wycliffe,Wycliffe Bible (translation from the Vulgate), Genesis 25:8
      and failynge he was deed in a good elde, and of greet age, andful of dayes, and he was gaderyd to his puple.
      and failing he was dead in a good old [age], and of great age, andfull of days, and he was gathered to his people.
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Descendants
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References
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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ful

  1. Alternative form offulle

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsefúll, fromProto-Germanic*fūlaz.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ful (masculine and feminineful,neuterfult,definite singular and pluralfule,comparativefulere,indefinite superlativefulest,definite superlativefuleste)

  1. clever,sly

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsefúll, fromProto-Germanic*fūlaz.

Adjective

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ful (neuterfult,definite singular and pluralfule,comparativefulare,indefinite superlativefulast,definite superlativefulaste)

  1. clever,sly

References

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Old English

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-West Germanic*full.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ful

  1. Alternative form offull
Declension
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Declension offul — Strong
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativefulfulful
Accusativefulnefulleful
Genitivefullesfulrefulles
Dativefullumfulrefullum
Instrumentalfullefulrefulle
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativefullefulla,fulleful
Accusativefullefulla,fulleful
Genitivefulrafulrafulra
Dativefullumfullumfullum
Instrumentalfullumfullumfullum
Declension offul — Weak
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativefullafullefulle
Accusativefullanfullanfulle
Genitivefullanfullanfullan
Dativefullanfullanfullan
Instrumentalfullanfullanfullan
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativefullanfullanfullan
Accusativefullanfullanfullan
Genitivefulra,fullenafulra,fullenafulra,fullena
Dativefullumfullumfullum
Instrumentalfullumfullumfullum

Etymology 2

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FromProto-West Germanic*fūl.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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fūl

  1. foul (dirty, stinking, vile, corrupt)
Declension
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Declension offūl — Strong
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativefūlfūlfūl
Accusativefūlnefūlefūl
Genitivefūlesfūlrefūles
Dativefūlumfūlrefūlum
Instrumentalfūlefūlrefūle
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativefūlefūla,fūlefūl
Accusativefūlefūla,fūlefūl
Genitivefūlrafūlrafūlra
Dativefūlumfūlumfūlum
Instrumentalfūlumfūlumfūlum
Declension offūl — Weak
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativefūlafūlefūle
Accusativefūlanfūlanfūle
Genitivefūlanfūlanfūlan
Dativefūlanfūlanfūlan
Instrumentalfūlanfūlanfūlan
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativefūlanfūlanfūlan
Accusativefūlanfūlanfūlan
Genitivefūlra,fūlenafūlra,fūlenafūlra,fūlena
Dativefūlumfūlumfūlum
Instrumentalfūlumfūlumfūlum
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 3

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Possibly fromProto-West Germanic*full

Adverb

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ful

  1. very,well
    • late 10th century,Ælfric,"Saint Agnes, Virgin"
      ...andful leof þam casere for his micclan sige þeah þe he nære gefullod .
      ...andvery dear to the emperor for his great victory, though he was not baptized.

Old Frisian

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Etymology

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FromProto-West Germanic*full.

Adjective

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ful

  1. full

Descendants

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  • North Frisian:
    Föhr-Amrum:fol
  • West Frisian:fol

Old Irish

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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·ful

  1. third-personsingularpresentsubjunctiveprototonic offo·loing

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutation offul
radicallenitionnasalization
·ful·ḟul·ful
pronounced with/-β(ʲ)-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Saxon

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-West Germanic*full, fromProto-Germanic*fullaz, fromProto-Indo-European*pl̥h₁nós.

Adjective

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ful

  1. full

Declension

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Declension offul
Strong declension
singularplural
masculineneuterfemininemasculineneuterfeminine
nominativefulfulfulfullefullufulle
accusativefullanafulfullafullefullufulle
genitivefullesfullesfullarofullarōfullarōfullarō
dativefullumufullumufullarofullumfullumfullum
Weak declension
singularplural
masculineneuterfeminine
nominativefullofullafullafullu
accusativefullunfullafullunfullun
genitivefullunfullunfullunfullonō
dativefullunfullunfullunfullum

Related terms

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Descendants

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Plautdietsch

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Adjective

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ful

  1. foul,rotten,putrid
  2. lazy,shiftless,indolent,slothful

Polish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromEnglishfull.Doublet ofpełny andplenum.

Alternative forms

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Adjective

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ful (notcomparable,no derived adverb)

  1. (colloquial)full

Noun

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ful inan

  1. (poker)full house
  2. (colloquial)stout,porter(beer with mid-high hop and alcohol levels)
  3. (colloquial)full house(situation in which a place is filled with people to its maximum capacity)
    Synonym:komplet
Declension
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Declension offul
singularplural
nominativefulfule
genitivefulufuli
dativefulowifulom
accusativefulfule
instrumentalfulemfulami
locativefulufulach
vocativefulufule

Numeral

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ful

  1. (colloquial)full

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromArabicفُول(fūl).

Noun

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ful inan

  1. type of heavilyspicedEgyptianfava beanpaste(Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
Declension
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Declension offul
singularplural
nominativefulfule
genitivefula/fulufuli
dativefulowifulom
accusativefulfule
instrumentalfulemfulami
locativefulufulach
vocativefulufule

Further reading

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  • ful inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ful in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishfull.

Noun

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ful n (pluralfuluri)

  1. (poker)full house

Declension

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Declension offul
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativefulfululfulurifulurile
genitive-dativefulfululuifulurifulurilor
vocativefululefulurilor

Saterland Frisian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Frisianfull, fromProto-West Germanic*full. Cognates includeWest Frisianfol andGermanvoll.

Adjective

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ful (masculinefullen,feminine, plural or definitefulle,comparativefuller,superlativefulst)

  1. full
Antonyms
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  • (antonym(s) offull):loos

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Pronoun

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ful

  1. Unstressed form offúul

References

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  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “ful”, inSaterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske,→ISBN
  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “fúul”, inSaterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske,→ISBN

Spanish

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Etymology

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OfGermanic origin.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈful/[ˈful]
  • Rhymes:-ul
  • Syllabification:ful

Adjective

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ful (invariable)

  1. (slang)cheap,fake

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Swedish

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SwedishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediasv

Etymology

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FromOld Norsefúll, fromProto-Germanic*fūlaz. CompareEnglishfoul,Dutchvuil,Germanfaul.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ful (comparativefulare,superlativefulast)

  1. ugly; of displeasing appearance
    Det var denfulaste unge jag någonsin sett
    That's theugliest kid I've ever seen
    • 1994, “Älska mig [Love me]”, inSanningens morgon [The morning of truth]‎[1], performed byKöttgrottorna:
      Jag blir äldre och mindre attraktiv. Rent ut sagtfulare. Åren går så fort att jag har svårt att följa med. Jag byter punkfrisyr mot munkfrisyr och ansiktet det skrynklar ihop sig. Men mina egocentriska behov, de kvarstår år efter år.
      I'm getting older and less attractive.Uglier, to put it bluntly. The years go by so fast that I have a hard time keeping up. I exchange punk hairdo for monk hairdo and my face [it – redundant] crumples up. But my egocentric needs, they remain year after year.
  2. dirty,bad; something contradictory to norms and rules
    Larsson gjorde en riktigtful tackling
    Larsson pulled off a reallydirty tackle
    ettfult ord
    abad word
  3. prefix indicating a state of low or lesser quality: an ironic opposite offin(fine, elegant).
    • 2000,Mikael Niemi,Populärmusik från Vittula p. 35; English translation by Laurie Thompson:Popular Music from Vittula (2003), p. 36.
      Hukande tassade han fram till predikstolen, en skygg liten gosse medfulsnaggat hår.
      Shoulders hunched, he tip-toed toward the pulpit, a bashful little boy with an awful haircut.

Declension

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Inflection offul
Indefinitepositivecomparativesuperlative1
common singularfulfularefulast
neuter singularfultfularefulast
pluralfulafularefulast
masculine plural2fulefularefulast
Definitepositivecomparativesuperlative
masculine singular3fulefularefulaste
allfulafularefulaste

1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
2 Dated or archaic.
3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Derived terms

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References

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Anagrams

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Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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FromEnglishfool.

Noun

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ful

  1. fool

Volapük

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Noun

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ful (nominative pluralfuls)

  1. fullness

Declension

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Declension offul
singularplural
nominativefulfuls
genitivefulafulas
dativefulefules
accusativefulifulis
vocative1oful!ofuls!
predicative2fulufulus

1 status as a case is disputed
2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

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