Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WiktionaryThe Free Dictionary
Search

friend

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Friend

English

[edit]
EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

[edit]

FromMiddle Englishfrend,freend, fromOld Englishfrēond(“friend”, literally“loving [one], lover”), fromProto-West Germanic*friund, fromProto-Germanic*frijōndz(“lover, friend”), fromProto-Indo-European*preyH-(“to love”), roughly equivalent tofree +‎-nd. See alsoFriday.

Cognates

Cognate withScotsfreend(“friend”),Yolafriend,vriene(“friend”),North Frisianfrinj,frün(“friend”),Saterland FrisianFjund,Früünd(“friend”),West Frisianfreon,freondinne(“friend”),Cimbrianbròint,vròint(“friend”),Dutchvriend(“friend”),GermanFreund(“friend”),German Low GermanFründ(“friend, relative”),LuxembourgishFrënd(“friend”),Vilamovianfraeind,frajnd(“friend”),Yiddishפֿרײַנד(fraynd,“friend”),Danishfrænde(“kinsman”),Faroese,Icelandicfrændi(“kinsman”),Norwegian Bokmål,Norwegian Nynorskfrende(“relative”),Swedishfrände(“kinsman, relative”),Gothic𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃(frijōnds,“friend”). More atfree.

Akin toRussianприя́тель(prijátelʹ,“friend”),Romanianprieten, andSanskritप्रिय(priyá-,“beloved”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

friend (pluralfriends)

  1. A person, typically someone other than afamilymember,spouse orlover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feelsaffection.
    • 1816,Jane Austen,Emma:
      "[…]if you have any wish to speak openly to me as afriend, or to ask my opinion of any thing that you may have in contemplation—as afriend, indeed, you may command me.—I will hear whatever you like. I will tell you exactly what I think." "As afriend!"—repeated Mr. Knightley.—"Emma, that I fear is a word—No, I have no wish—[…]”
    • 1841,Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Friendship”, inEssays, volume I:
      The only reward of virtue is virtue; the only way to have afriend is to be one.
    • 1917, Richard M. Gummere translatingSeneca asAd Lucilium Epistulae Morales, Loeb Classical Library, Vol. I,No. 3:
      ...if you consider any man afriend whom you do not trust as you trust yourself, you are mightily mistaken and you do not sufficiently understand what truefriendship means.
    • 1923, William Armistead Falconer translatingCicero asDe Amicitia, Loeb Classical Library, Vol. XX, p. 34:
      ...he who looks upon a truefriend, looks, as it were, upon a sort of image of himself. Whereforefriends, though absent, are at hand; though in need, yet abound; though weak, are strong; and—harder saying still—though dead, are yet alive; so great is the esteem on the part of theirfriends, the tender recollection and the deep longing that still attends them.
    • 1927 Mar. 31,Ernest Hemingway,letter toF. Scott Fitzgerald:
      ...you are my devotedfriend too. You do more and work harder and oh shit I'd getmaudlin about how damnedswell you are. My god I'd like to see you... You're a hell of a good guy.
    • 1933 Dec. 12,Walter Winchell, "On Broadway",Scranton Republican, p. 5:
      Definition of afriend: One who walks in—when the rest of the world walks out.
    John and I have beenfriends ever since we were roommates at college.   Trust is important betweenfriends.   I used to find it hard to makefriends when I was shy.
    We becamefriends in the war and remainfriends to this day.    We werefriends with some girls from the other school and stayedfriends with them.
  2. Anassociate who providesassistance; patron, mentor.
    • 1779,Benjamin Franklin,The Whistle (letter):
      When I was a child of seven years old, myfriends, on a holiday, filled my little pocket with halfpence.
    • 1813,Jane Austen,Pride and Prejudice:
      The vicious propensities—the want of principle which he was careful to guard from the knowledge of his bestfriend, could not escape the observation of a young man of nearly the same age with himself, and who had opportunities of seeing him in unguarded moments, which Mr. Darcy could not have.
    • 1907,Hilaire Belloc,Jim (poem):
      There was a Boy whose name was Jim; HisFriends were very good to him. They gave him Tea, and Cakes, and Jam, And slices of delicious Ham, And Chocolate with pink inside, And little Tricycles to ride, And read him Stories through and through, And even took him to the Zoo—
    The Automobile Association is every motorist'sfriend.   The police is every law-abiding citizen'sfriend.
  3. A person with whom one isvaguely orindirectlyacquainted.
    • 2013 June 21,Oliver Burkeman, “The tao of tech”, inThe Guardian Weekly, volume189, number 2, page27:
      The dirty secret of the internet is that all this distraction and interruption is immensely profitable. Web companies like to boast about […], or offering services that let you "stay up to date with what yourfriends are doing",[…]and so on. But the real way to build a successful online business is to be better than your rivals at undermining people's control of their own attention.
    afriend of afriend
    I added him as afriend on Facebook, but I hardly know him.
  4. A person who backs or supports something.
    I’m not afriend of cheap wine.
  5. (informal) An object or idea that can be used for good.
    Fruit is yourfriend.
  6. (colloquial, ironic, used only in thevocative)Used as a form ofaddress whenwarning someone.
    You’d better watch it,friend.
  7. (object-oriented programming) Afunction orclass granted special access to theprivate andprotectedmembers of another class.
    • 1991, Tom Swan,Learning C++:
      But don't take the following sections as an endorsement offriends. Top C++ programmers avoid usingfriends unless absolutely necessary.
    • 2001, Stephen Prata,C++ primer plus:
      In that case, the function needn't (and shouldn't) be afriend.
    • 2008, D S Malik,C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design:
      To make a function be afriend to a class, the reserved wordfriend precedes the function prototype[…]
  8. (climbing) Aspring-loaded camming device.
    • 1995,Rock Climbing Basics:
      Since they were introduced in the 1970s,friends have revolutionized climbing, making protection possible in previously impossible places[…]
  9. (euphemistic) Alover; aboyfriend orgirlfriend.
    • c.1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act V, scene ii]:
      Nor to the motion of a schoolboy's tongue ; Nor never come in visard to myfriend
    • 1813, Samuel Foote,The Commissary, Etc., page17:
      Time has been, when a gentleman wanted afriend, I could supply him with choice in an hour; but the market is spoiled, and a body might as soon produce a hare or a partridge[…]
    • 1975,Janis Ian,In the Winter:
      I met yourfriend. She's very nice, what can I say?
  10. (Scotland, obsolete) Arelative, arelation by blood or marriage.
    Friends agree best at a distance.
    Makefriends of framet folk.
    • 1895, Crockett,Bog-Myrtle, 232:
      He was not a drop's blood to me, though him and my wife were far-outfriends.
  11. (in theplural, usually preceded by "and")Used to refer collectively to a group of associated individuals, especially those comprising a cast, company, or crew
    Synonyms:and company,et al.
    Meanwhile onThe View, Whoopi Goldberg andfriends continue to spout their takes on the hot topics of the day.
    • 2020, Beth Van Schaack,Imagining Justice for Syria,→ISBN, page98:
      Russia andfriends continued to criticize the work of the JIM, focusing in particular on the methodology employed and the decision of the experts not to go to certain on-site visits for security reasons […]

Usage notes

[edit]
  • friends is found as an invariable plural in the phrasesmake friends with andbe friends with:I amfriends with her;He madefriends with his co-worker.
  • We usuallymake a friend, ormake friends with someone. SeeAppendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take
  • In older texts and certain dialects, the prepositional phraseto friend means "as a friend or an ally", for exampleː "with God to frend (Spenser)". The antonym to the phraseto friend istofiend.

Synonyms

[edit]

Antonyms

[edit]
  • (antonym(s) of“person whose company one enjoys”):SeeThesaurus:enemy
  • (antonym(s) of“person with whom you are acquainted”):stranger
  • (antonym(s) of“person who provides assistance”):enemy,foe

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Translations

[edit]
Seefriend/translations § Noun.

Verb

[edit]

friend (third-person singular simple presentfriends,present participlefriending,simple past and past participlefriended)

  1. (transitive, obsolete) To act as a friend to, tobefriend; to be friendly to, to help.
    • 1596, Edmund Spenser,The Faerie Queene, IV.ii:
      Lo sluggish Knight the victors happie pray: / So fortunefriends the bold [...].
    • 1896,Alfred Edward Housman,A Shropshire Lad, section LXII:
      ’Tis true, the stuff I bring for sale
      Is not so brisk a brew as ale:
      Out of a stem that scored the hand
      I wrung it in a weary land.
      But take it: if the smack is sour,
      The better for the embittered hour;
      It should do good to heart and head
      When your soul is in my soul’s stead;
      And I willfriend you, if I may,
      In the dark and cloudy day.
  2. (transitive) To add (a person) to alist of friends on asocial networking site; to officially designate (someone) as a friend.
    Antonyms:defriend,unfriend
    • 2006, Kevin Farnham, Dale G. Farnham,Myspace Safety: 51 Tips for Teens And Parents‎[2], How-To Primers,→ISBN, page69:
      One of the most used features of MySpace is the practice that is nicknamed "friending." If you "friend" someone, then that person is added to your MySpace friends list, and you are added to their friends list.
    • 2007, David Fono, Kate Raynes-Goldie, “Hyperfriendship and Beyond: Friends and Social Norms on LiveJournal”, in Mia Consalvo, Caroline Haythornthwaite, editors,Internet Research Annual: Selected Papers from the Association of Internet Researchers Conference 2005 (Digital Formations;33), volume 4, New York, N.Y.:Peter Lang,→ISBN,→ISSN,page99:
      The two distributions which exhibited this property were in response to the statements, “I am careful about who Ifriend,” and, “If someone friends me, I willfriend them.” (Figure 3).
    • 2018,Tommy Orange, “Edwin Black”, inThere There, New York, N.Y.:Vintage Books,→ISBN, page69:
      I use Native, that’s what other Native people on Facebook use. I have 660 friends. Tons of Native friends in my feed. Most of my friends, though, are people I don’t know, who’d happilyfriended me upon request.

Translations

[edit]
befriend—seebefriend
to act as the friend of
to add as a friend

References

[edit]
  1. ^Bingham, Caleb (1808), “Improprieties in Pronunciation, common among the people of New-England”, inThe Child's Companion; Being a Conciſe Spelling-book […] ‎[1], 12th edition,Boston: Manning & Loring,→OCLC,page75.

Further reading

[edit]
  • “friend”, inOneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

[edit]

Chinese

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed fromEnglishfriend.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • (Cantonese (alternative)):IPA(key): /fɹɛːn⁵⁵/

    • Noun

    [edit]

    friend

    1. (Cantonese)friend(Classifier:個／个c)
      佢係我個friend嚟㗎。[Cantonese,trad.]
      佢系我个friend嚟㗎。[Cantonese,simp.]
      keoi5 hai6 ngo5 go3fen1 lai4 gaa3.[Jyutping]
      He's myfriend.
    2. (Cantonese, always with the classifier)the likes of; somethingsimilar to(Classifier:啲c)

    Synonyms

    [edit]
    • (friend):
    Dialectal synonyms of朋友 (“friend”)[map]
    VarietyLocationWords
    Classical Chinese友,朋,朋友,友人,友生
    Formal(Written Standard Chinese)朋友,友人
    Northeastern MandarinBeijing朋友
    Taiwan朋友
    Chengde朋友
    Chifeng朋友
    Hulunbuir(Hailar)朋友
    Heihe朋友
    Qiqihar朋友
    Harbin朋友,老鐵
    Jiamusi朋友
    Baicheng朋友
    Changchun朋友
    Tonghua朋友
    Shenyang朋友
    Jinzhou朋友
    Singapore朋友
    Jilu MandarinTianjin朋友
    Tangshan朋友
    Cangzhou朋友
    Baoding朋友
    Shijiazhuang朋友
    Lijin朋友
    Jinan朋友
    Jiaoliao MandarinDalian朋友
    Dandong朋友
    Yantai朋友
    Yantai(Muping)朋友
    Qingdao朋友
    Zhucheng朋友,相好的
    Central Plains MandarinLuoyang朋友
    Lingbao朋友
    Jining朋友
    Wanrong朋友
    Linfen朋友
    Shangqiu朋友
    Yuanyang朋友
    Zhengzhou朋友
    Xinyang朋友
    Baihe朋友
    Xi'an朋友
    Baoji朋友
    Tianshui朋友
    Xining朋友
    Xuzhou朋友,夥計
    Fuyang朋友
    Lanyin MandarinYinchuan朋友
    Lanzhou朋友
    Dunhuang朋友
    Hami朋友
    Ürümqi朋友
    Southwestern MandarinChengdu朋友
    Nanchong朋友
    Dazhou朋友,耍得好
    Hanyuan朋友,夥計
    Xichang朋友
    Zigong朋友
    Chongqing朋友
    Wuhan朋友
    Yichang朋友
    Xiangyang朋友,老把
    Tianmen朋友,老夥計
    Guiyang朋友
    Zunyi朋友
    Bijie朋友
    Liping朋友
    Zhaotong朋友
    Dali朋友
    Kunming朋友
    Mengzi朋友
    Guilin朋友
    Liuzhou朋友
    Nanning(Wuming)朋友,老夥計
    Jishou朋友
    Changde朋友
    Hanzhong朋友
    Jianghuai MandarinNanjing朋友
    Yangzhou朋友
    Lianyungang朋友
    Lianshui朋友
    Nantong朋友
    Anqing朋友
    Wuhu朋友
    Hefei朋友
    Hong'an朋友,夥計
    CantoneseGuangzhou朋友
    Hong Kong朋友,friend,friend子
    Taishan朋友
    Dongguan朋友
    Singapore(Guangfu)朋友
    GanNanchang朋友
    Lichuan朋友
    HakkaMeixian朋友
    Yudu朋友
    Miaoli(N. Sixian)朋友
    Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)朋友
    Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)朋友
    Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)朋友
    Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)朋友
    Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)朋友
    HuizhouJixi朋友
    Shexian朋友
    JinTaiyuan朋友
    Yangyuan朋友,相好的
    Datong朋友
    Xinzhou朋友,結拜 dated
    Lüliang(Lishi)朋友,拜識
    Changzhi朋友,相好的
    Linhe朋友
    Jining朋友
    Hohhot朋友
    Erenhot朋友
    Pingshan朋友,相好的
    Zhangjiakou朋友
    Handan朋友
    Linzhou朋友
    Suide朋友,相好的
    Northern MinJian'ou朋友,朋友伙
    Eastern MinFuzhou朋友
    Southern MinXiamen朋友,交丸 dated
    Quanzhou朋友
    Jinjiang朋友
    Zhangzhou朋友
    Tainan朋友
    Penang(Hokkien)朋友,交丸
    Singapore(Hokkien)朋友,交丸
    Manila(Hokkien)朋友
    Singapore(Teochew)朋友
    Haikou朋友
    Singapore(Hainanese)朋友
    Southern PinghuaNanning(Tingzi)朋友
    WaxiangGuzhang(Gaofeng)朋子
    Yuanling(Shaojiwan)朋
    WuShanghai朋友
    Shanghai(Songjiang)朋友
    Shanghai(Chongming)朋友
    Suzhou朋友
    Danyang朋友
    Hangzhou朋友
    Shaoxing朋友,朋友家
    Ningbo朋友,朋友家
    Wenzhou朋友家,朋友
    Jinhua朋友
    XiangChangsha朋友
    Xiangxiang朋友
    Hengyang朋友

    Adjective

    [edit]

    friend

    1. (Cantonese) in aclose orfriendlyrelationship
      我哋好friend㗎。[Cantonese]  ― ngo5 dei6 hou2fen1 gaa3.[Jyutping]  ―  We are reallyclose.

    Derived terms

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]

    Middle English

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    friend

    1. alternative form offrend

    Old English

    [edit]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    frīend

    1. dativesingular offrēond
    2. nominative andaccusativeplural offrēond

    Spanish

    [edit]

    Etymology

    [edit]

    Borrowed fromEnglishfriend.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    friend m (pluralfriends)

    1. (climbing)cam

    Yola

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    friend

    1. alternative form ofvriene
      • 1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page100:
        Mye theefriend ne're waant welcome, nor straayart comfoort.
        May thyfriend ne'er want welcome, nor the stranger comfort.

    References

    [edit]
    • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867,page100
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=friend&oldid=89265204"
    Categories:
    Hidden categories:
    [8]ページ先頭
    ©2009-2026 Movatter.jp