FromMiddle Englishforger,forgere, fromOld Frenchforgiere; equivalent toforge +-er.
forger (pluralforgers)
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Inherited fromOld Frenchforger,forgier, fromLatinfabricāre.Doublet offabriquer.
forger
This is a regular-er verb, but the stem is writtenforge- before endings that begin with-a- or-o- (to indicate that the-g- is a "soft"/ʒ/ and not a "hard"/ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in-ger, such asneiger andmanger.
| infinitive | simple | forger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | forgeant /fɔʁ.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | forgé /fɔʁ.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | forge /fɔʁʒ/ | forges /fɔʁʒ/ | forge /fɔʁʒ/ | forgeons /fɔʁ.ʒɔ̃/ | forgez /fɔʁ.ʒe/ | forgent /fɔʁʒ/ |
| imperfect | forgeais /fɔʁ.ʒɛ/ | forgeais /fɔʁ.ʒɛ/ | forgeait /fɔʁ.ʒɛ/ | forgions /fɔʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ | forgiez /fɔʁ.ʒje/ | forgeaient /fɔʁ.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | forgeai /fɔʁ.ʒe/ | forgeas /fɔʁ.ʒa/ | forgea /fɔʁ.ʒa/ | forgeâmes /fɔʁ.ʒam/ | forgeâtes /fɔʁ.ʒat/ | forgèrent /fɔʁ.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | forgerai /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ | forgeras /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ | forgera /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ | forgerons /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | forgerez /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ | forgeront /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | forgerais /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | forgerais /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | forgerait /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | forgerions /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | forgeriez /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁje/ | forgeraient /fɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | forge /fɔʁʒ/ | forges /fɔʁʒ/ | forge /fɔʁʒ/ | forgions /fɔʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ | forgiez /fɔʁ.ʒje/ | forgent /fɔʁʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | forgeasse /fɔʁ.ʒas/ | forgeasses /fɔʁ.ʒas/ | forgeât /fɔʁ.ʒa/ | forgeassions /fɔʁ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | forgeassiez /fɔʁ.ʒa.sje/ | forgeassent /fɔʁ.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | forge /fɔʁʒ/ | — | forgeons /fɔʁ.ʒɔ̃/ | forgez /fɔʁ.ʒe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
FromOld Frenchforgiere; equivalent toforgen +-er.
forger (pluralforgers)
forger
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in-er. In the present tense an extra supportinge is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending-t is lost. In addition,g becomesj before ana or ano to keep the /dʒ/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | forger | avoirforgé | |||||
| gerund | enforjant | gerund ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | forjant | ||||||
| past participle | forgé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | forge | forges | forge | forjons | forgez | forgent |
| imperfect | forjoie,forgeie,forjoe,forgeve | forjoies,forgeies,forjoes,forgeves | forjoit,forgeit,forjot,forgeve | forgiiens,forgiens | forgiiez,forgiez | forjoient,forgeient,forjoent,forgevent | |
| preterite | forjai | forjas | forja | forjames | forjastes | forgerent | |
| future | forgerai | forgeras | forgera | forgerons | forgeroiz,forgereiz,forgerez | forgeront | |
| conditional | forgeroie,forgereie | forgeroies,forgereies | forgeroit,forgereit | forgeriiens,forgeriens | forgeriiez,forgeriez | forgeroient,forgereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | present tense ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | forge | forges | forge | forjons | forgez | forgent |
| imperfect | forjasse | forjasses | forjast | forgissons,forgissiens | forgissoiz,forgissez,forgissiez | forjassent | |
| compound tenses | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | forge | — | forjons | forgez | — | ||
