fo is an alternative form (with respect tofaccio) for the present indicative of the first person. Its usage is mainly literary and archaic[1] but is still used in some regional forms of Italian.
Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
c.800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 109d5
Ní taít Díafo tairṅgere conid·chumscaiged.
God does not comeunder a promise that he should alter it.
c.850-875, Turin Glosses and Scholia on St Mark, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 484–94, Tur. 110c
Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑aífon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.
It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let goto the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.
c.800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 20b13
Nífú indidit a·táirascemini sunt .i.irascemini fercaigthe-si, acht isfo imchomarc a·tá.
It is notin affirmation thatirascemini is here, i.e.irascemini youpl are angry, but it isin interrogation. [In other words,irascemini is here a question, not a statement. The Latin verb is actually in the future tense, but the Old Irish gloss of it is in the present tense.]
c.800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 38c3
Ní hé apstal cita·rogab in testimin so.Aliter: Ní fóu da·uc int apstalfon chéillfuand·rogab in fáith.
It is not (the) apostle who first uttered this text. Otherwise: The apostle did not apply itin the sensein which the prophet uttered it.
Fo is used in north Wales and a variant ofo. The choice betweeno andfo is dependent on grammatical and euphonic considerations. The formse andfe are used in the south.
^Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867
↑2.02.12.2Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, inJournal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series)[1], volume17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
