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Ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*bʰlewH-(“to overflow”), possibly an extension of*bʰleh₁-(“to swell, blow”). The Latin form may have developed from earlier*flowō via vowel reduction (which was regular only in non-initial syllables, but may have been introduced to the simple verb by analogy with its compounds) fromProto-Indo-European*bʰleuH-(e/o).^[1] Alternatively, it may go back toProto-Italic*flūō, from earlier*flūjō, fromProto-Indo-European*bʰluH-yé-ti.^[2] Cognate withAncient Greekφλέω(phléō,“to abound”),φλύω(phlúō,“to boil over”). Unrelated toEnglishflow, despite phonological and semantic similarity.

Pronunciation

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(Classical Latin)IPA^(key): [ˈfɫu.oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): [ˈfluː.o]

Verb

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fluō (present infinitivefluere,perfect activeflūxī,supineflūxumorflūctum);third conjugation, nopassive

toflow,stream,pour
Synonyms:fluitō,affluō,cōnfluō,īnfluō,praefluō,dēfluō,mānō
- 29BCE – 19BCE,Virgil,Aeneid8.445:
  Fluit aes rīvīs aurīque metallum, vulnificusque chalybs vastā fornāce liquēscit.
  Bronze and golden ore flowed in streams, and steel, that deals wounds, melted in a vast furnace.
to besoaked in

Conjugation

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Conjugation offluō (third conjugation, nopassive)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	fluō	fluis		fluit	fluimus	fluitis		fluunt
	imperfect	fluēbam	fluēbās		fluēbat	fluēbāmus	fluēbātis		fluēbant
	future	fluam	fluēs		fluet	fluēmus	fluētis		fluent
	perfect	flū̆xī	flū̆xistī		flū̆xit	flū̆ximus	flū̆xistis		flū̆xērunt, flū̆xēre
	pluperfect	flū̆xeram	flū̆xerās		flū̆xerat	flū̆xerāmus	flū̆xerātis		flū̆xerant
	future perfect	flū̆xerō	flū̆xeris		flū̆xerit	flū̆xerimus	flū̆xeritis		flū̆xerint
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	fluam	fluās		fluat	fluāmus	fluātis		fluant
	imperfect	fluerem	fluerēs		flueret	fluerēmus	fluerētis		fluerent
	perfect	flū̆xerim	flū̆xerīs		flū̆xerit	flū̆xerīmus	flū̆xerītis		flū̆xerint
	pluperfect	flū̆xissem	flū̆xissēs		flū̆xisset	flū̆xissēmus	flū̆xissētis		flū̆xissent
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	flue		—	—	fluite		—
active	future	—	fluitō		fluitō	—	fluitōte		fluuntō
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		fluere		—		fluēns		—
future		flū̆xūrum esse, flū̆ctūrum esse		—		flū̆xūrus, flū̆ctūrus		—
perfect		flū̆xisse		—		—		—
perfect potential		flū̆xūrum fuisse, flū̆ctūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		fluendī	fluendō		fluendum	fluendō	flū̆xum, flū̆ctum		flū̆xū, flū̆ctū

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Note: this verb has no inherited descendants.

→ Catalan:fluir
→ Esperanto:flui
→ English:fluid,flux
→ French:fluer
→ Ido:fluar
→ Italian:fluire
→ Portuguese:fluir
→ Spanish:fluir

References

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^De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fluō, -ere”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page228
^Sihler, Andrew L. (1995),New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press,→ISBN, page535