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Ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*bʰlewH-(“to overflow”), possibly an extension of*bʰleh₁-(“to swell, blow”). The Latin form may have developed from earlier*flowō via vowel reduction (which was regular only in non-initial syllables, but may have been introduced to the simple verb by analogy with its compounds) fromProto-Indo-European*bʰleuH-(e/o).^[1] Alternatively, it may go back toProto-Italic*flūō, from earlier*flūjō, fromProto-Indo-European*bʰluH-yé-ti.^[2] Cognate withAncient Greekφλέω(phléō,“to abound”),φλύω(phlúō,“to boil over”). Unrelated toEnglishflow, despite phonological and semantic similarity.

Pronunciation

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(Classical Latin)IPA^(key): /ˈflu.oː/,[ˈfɫ̪uoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): /ˈflu.o/,[ˈfluːo]

Verb

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fluō (present infinitivefluere,perfect activeflūxī,supineflūxum);third conjugation, nopassive

toflow,stream,pour
Synonyms:fluitō,affluō,cōnfluō,īnfluō,praefluō,dēfluō,mānō
- 29BCE – 19BCE,Virgil,Aeneid8.445:
  Fluit aes rīvīs aurīque metallum, vulnificusque chalybs vastā fornāce liquēscit.
  Bronze and golden ore flowed in streams, and steel, that deals wounds, melted in a vast furnace.
to besoaked in

Conjugation

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The fourth principal part may also beflūctum.

Conjugation offluō (third conjugation, nopassive)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	fluō	fluis		fluit	fluimus	fluitis		fluunt
	imperfect	fluēbam	fluēbās		fluēbat	fluēbāmus	fluēbātis		fluēbant
	future	fluam	fluēs		fluet	fluēmus	fluētis		fluent
	perfect	flūxī	flūxistī		flūxit	flūximus	flūxistis		flūxērunt, flūxēre
	pluperfect	flūxeram	flūxerās		flūxerat	flūxerāmus	flūxerātis		flūxerant
	future perfect	flūxerō	flūxeris		flūxerit	flūxerimus	flūxeritis		flūxerint
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	fluam	fluās		fluat	fluāmus	fluātis		fluant
	imperfect	fluerem	fluerēs		flueret	fluerēmus	fluerētis		fluerent
	perfect	flūxerim	flūxerīs		flūxerit	flūxerīmus	flūxerītis		flūxerint
	pluperfect	flūxissem	flūxissēs		flūxisset	flūxissēmus	flūxissētis		flūxissent
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	flue		—	—	fluite		—
active	future	—	fluitō		fluitō	—	fluitōte		fluuntō
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		fluere		—		fluēns		—
future		flūxūrum esse		—		flūxūrus		—
perfect		flūxisse		—		—		—
perfect potential		flūxūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		fluendī	fluendō		fluendum	fluendō	flūxum		flūxū

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Note: this verb has no inherited descendants.

→ Catalan:fluir
→ Esperanto:flui
→ English:fluid,flux
→ French:fluer
→ Ido:fluar
→ Italian:fluire
→ Portuguese:fluir
→ Spanish:fluir

References

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^De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fluō, -ere”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page228
^Sihler, Andrew L. (1995)New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press,→ISBN, page535