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fight

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Fight (brawl)

Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishfighten, fromOld Englishfeohtan(“to fight, combat, strive”), fromProto-West Germanic*fehtan, fromProto-Germanic*fehtaną(“to comb, tease, shear, struggle with”), fromProto-Indo-European*peḱ-(“to comb, shear”).

Cognate withScotsfecht(“to fight”),West Frisianfjochtsje,fjuchte(“to fight”),Dutchvechten(“to fight”),Low Germanfechten(“to fight”),Germanfechten(“to fight, fence”),Swedishfäkta(“to fence, to fight (using blade weapons), to wave vigorously (and carelessly) with one's arms”),Latinpectō(“comb, thrash”,verb),Albanianpjek(“to hit, strive, fight”),Ancient Greekπέκω(pékō,“comb or card wool”,verb). Related also toOld Englishfeht(“wool, shaggy pelt, fleece”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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fight (third-person singular simple presentfights,present participlefighting,simple pastfought,past participlefoughtor(archaic)foughten)

  1. Senses relating to physical conflict:
    1. (transitive) To engage in combat with; to oppose physically, to contest with.
      My grandfatherfought the Nazis in World War II.
    2. (transitive) To conduct or engage in (battle, warfare, a cause, etc.).
      Our soldiersfought the battle just over that hill.
    3. (intransitive) Tocontend in physical conflict, either singly or in war, battle etc.
      A wounded animal willfight tooth and nail; relentless, savage and murderous.
    4. (reciprocal) Tocontend in physical conflict with each other, either singly or in war, battle etc.
      The two boxers have beenfighting for more than half an hour.
    5. (causative) To cause to fight; to manage or manoeuvre in a fight.
      • 1953, Revd. Waldo E. L. Smith,What Time the Tempest: An Army Chaplain's Story, page244:
        And so we made their grave where they should lie
        Close side by side, as they hadfought their tank
        Through every fight, arm touching arm.
        We made it deep, that nothing of the conflict they had left above
        Should break into their peace.
      tofight cocks; tofight one’s ship
  2. (intransitive) Tostrive for something; to campaign orcontend for success.
    Hefought for the Democrats in the last election.
    • 1913,Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VII, inMr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London:D[aniel] Appleton and Company,→OCLC:
      Old Applegate, in the stern, just set and looked at me, and Lord James, amidship, waved both arms and kept hollering for help. I took a couple of everlasting big strokes and managed to grab hold of the skiff's rail, close to the stern. Then, for a jiffy, I hung on andfought for breath.
    • 2014 July 5, “Freedom fighter”, inThe Economist, volume412, number8894:
      [Edmund] Burke continued tofight for liberty later on in life. He backed Americans in their campaign for freedom from British taxation. He supported Catholic freedoms and freer trade with Ireland, in spite of his constituents’ ire. He wanted more liberal laws on the punishment of debtors.
  3. (transitive) Totry tooverpower; tofiercelycounteract.
    The government pledged tofight corruption.
    • 2014, Ann Aguirre,The Shape of My Heart, page42:
      Ifought a sneeze as Max took my hand and led me into the chapel.
  4. (intransitive) Of colours or other design elements: toclash; to fail toharmonize.
    • 2013, Ian G. Clifton,Android User Interface Design:
      The higher the saturation, the more the colorsfight, and the more users will be looking at your design instead of your content.
Usage notes
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  • The reciprocal sense of "fight" is a common elision of the phrase "fight each other", since context provides the meaning. "Each other" is commonly used with other verbs for an explicit reciprocal sense.
  • The reciprocal sense of "fight", which refers to two entities fighting each other, contrasts with the reflexive sense of the word "infight", which refers to entities of a group fighting each other.
Conjugation
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Conjugation offight
infinitive(to)fight
present tensepast tense
1st-personsingularfightfought
2nd-personsingularfight,fightest†fought,foughtest†
3rd-personsingularfights,fighteth†fought
pluralfight
subjunctivefightfought
imperativefight—
participlesfightingfought,foughten†
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Terms derived fromfight (verb)
Descendants
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Translations
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(intransitive) to contend in physical conflict
(reciprocal) to contend in physical conflict with each other
to strive for
(transitive) to engage in (a physical conflict)
(transitive) to contend in physical conflict against
to counteract
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishfight,feyght,fiȝt,fecht, fromOld Englishfeoht,ġefeoht, fromProto-West Germanic*fehtan, fromProto-Germanic*fehtą,*gafehtą(“fight, struggle”), fromProto-Germanic*fehtaną(“to struggle with”). Cognate withDutchgevecht,GermanGefecht.

Noun

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fight (countable anduncountable,pluralfights)

  1. Anoccasion of fighting.
    One of them got stuck in a chokehold and got stabbed to death during thefight.
  2. (archaic) Abattle between opposing armies.
  3. Aphysicalconfrontation orcombat between two or more people or groups.
    Watch your language! Are you looking for afight?
  4. (sports) Aboxing ormartial artsmatch.
    I’m going to Nick’s to watch the bigfight tomorrow night.
  5. Aconflict, possibly nonphysical, with opposing ideas or forces;strife.
    I’ll put up afight to save this company.
    • 1963,Margery Allingham, chapter 18, inThe China Governess: A Mystery, London:Chatto & Windus,→OCLC:
      ‘Then the father has a greatfight with his terrible conscience,’ said Munday with granite seriousness. ‘Should he make a row with the police[…]? Or should he say nothing about it and condone brutality for fear of appearing in the newspapers?
    • 2013 August 10, “A new prescription”, inThe Economist, volume408, number8848:
      As the world's drug habit shows, governments are failing in their quest to monitor every London window-box and Andean hillside for banned plants. But even that Sisyphean task looks easy next to thefight against synthetic drugs.
  6. (uncountable) Thewill orability to fight.
    That little guy has a bit offight in him after all.   As soon as he saw the size of his opponent, all thefight went out of him.
  7. (obsolete) A screen for the combatants in ships; anarming.
    • 1673 May (first performance),John Dryden,Amboyna. A Tragedy. […], London: […] T[homas] N[ewcomb] forHenry Herringman, […], published1673,→OCLC, Act III,page31:
      Who ever ſaw a noble ſight, / That never view'd a brave Sea Fight: / Hang up your bloody Colours in the Aire, / Up with yourFights, and your Nettings prepare, / Your Merry Mates chear, with a luſty bold ſpright, / Now each Man his brindice, and then to theFight,[…]
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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occasion of fighting
battle
physical confrontation
martial arts match
conflict of will, strife
will or ability to fight
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Swedish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishfight. Attested since 1931.

Noun

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fight c

  1. (colloquial) afight (often in sports or of an argument)

Declension

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Declension offight
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitefightfights
definitefightenfightens
pluralindefinitefighterfighters
definitefighternafighternas

Related terms

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References

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