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fen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "fen"
Languages (23)
English
Catalan • Chuukese • Czech • Dalmatian • Faroese • Franco-Provençal • Friulian • Hungarian • Icelandic • Istriot • Lombard • Mandarin • Middle English • Old English • Old Norse • Polish • Serbo-Croatian • Spanish • Swedish • Turkish • Vietnamese • Welsh
Page categories

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Schematic illustration of a fen

FromMiddle Englishfen,fenne, fromOld Englishfenn(“fen; marsh; mud; dirt”),Proto-West Germanic*fani, fromProto-Germanic*fanją, fromProto-Indo-European*pen-(“bog, mire”).

See alsoWest Frisianfean,Dutchveen,GermanFenn,Norwegianfen; alsoMiddle Irishen(“water”),enach(“swamp”),Old Prussianpannean(“peat-bog”),Sanskritपङ्क(paṅka,“marsh, mud, mire, slough”).

Noun

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fen (pluralfens)

  1. Atype ofwetlandfed byground water andrunoff,containingpeat below thewaterline,characteristicallyalkaline.(Contrastbog,marsh,swamp.)
    • 1996, Geological Survey (U.S.),National Water Summary on Wetland Resources,→ISBN, page214:
      Bogs are acidic, nutrient poor, and have a low species diversity, whereasfens are less acidic and have higher nutrient levels and species diversity.
    • 2019 February 19, Sincere Humphrey,Freshwater Microbiology, Scientific e-Resources,→ISBN, page24:
      Bogs are acidic peatlands, whilefens are non-acidic peatlands.
    • 2023 September 26, Rick Cech, Guy Tudor,Butterflies of the East Coast: An Observer's Guide, Princeton University Press,→ISBN, page15:
      [...]fens are alkaline. In fact, the precise acidity of afen depends on the soil through which in-seeping waters have percolated. Northeasternfens vary from somewhat acidic to highly basic (Johnson, 1985, p. 27).
  2. (loosely) Anyswamp ormire(especially with negative connotations).
Derived terms
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Translations
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type of wetland

See also

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Etymology 2

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

FromChinese分(fēn).Doublet ofhoon andfan.

Noun

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fen (pluralfenorfens)

  2. Aunit ofcurrency inChina, one-hundredth of ayuan.
    • 1994, Ronald David Schwartz, “[Martial Law and After] Symbolic competition”, inCircle of Protest: Political Ritual in the Tibetan Uprising, Delhi:Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited, published1996,→ISBN, page184:
      One poster, which appeared on the Barkhor on 20 May, ridiculed the way neighbourhood committees were recruiting participants: “We paid 30fen for one stone, but you hire people for 30 yuan for the picnic in the Norbulingka” (“30fen” — one hundredfen is one yuan — is a joking reference to Chinese accusations that Tibetans were paid 30fen by splittists for each stone thrown on 1 October 1987).
Translations
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unit of Chinese currency

Etymology 3

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Fromfan, by analogy withmen as the plural ofman.

Noun

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fen

  1. (fandomslang)aplural offan used byenthusiasts ofscience fiction,fantasy, andanime, partly fromwhimsy and partly todistinguish themselves from fans of sport, etc.
    • 1951 May 21, Winthrop Sargeant, “Through the Interstellar Looking Glass”, inLife‎[1], volume30, number21, page127:
      Sad to relate, some of the European delegates were probably insurgents rather than truefen.[…] But the Europeans could be counted on to take the long view, and many of them would probably turn out to be realfen and fenne after all.
    • 2016 September 3, lurkertype, “Worldcon 75 Chair Responds”, inFile 770‎[2], Comments:
      So I’m glad the attached hotel block is entirely reserved for disabledfen! Traveling on mass transit is tiring even when everything’s up to code.
Coordinate terms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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Clipping offennec(“a smallfox of thespeciesVulpes zerda, found in theSahara (excluding the coast) and having distinctive oversizedears.”).

Noun

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fen (pluralfens)

  1. (furryfandom,Internetslang,informal) Afennec fox.
    • 2018 December 30, @FENNERGY,Twitter‎[3]:
      Your fursona holding mine while she's arguing with some random person

      Like you're cradling the littlefen & she's screaming out threats
    • 2022 September 15, “Fem”, inr/foxes‎[4],Reddit:
      I always wondered why foxes go flat-ear mode whenever they are happy or screaming, very cutefen btw
    • 2023 February 11, @alvocet,Twitter‎[5]:
      Just because an animal doesnt fight when you pet them doesn't mean they like it. If afen's ears are back like that leave them the fuck alone
    • 2025 January 24, u/Synpharia, “Sleepy Fen says I'm her bed now”, inr/fennecfoxes‎[6], Reddit:
      What a little tooty! BTW I really liked your post on information aboutfens! Thank you for getting more info out there❣️

Etymology 5

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Comparefend.

Interjection

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fen

  1. (obsolete)Used in children's games toprevent orforestall another player's action; acheck orbar.

Etymology 6

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FromMiddle English*vene, Kentish variant of*fine, fromOld Englishfyne(“moisture, mold, mildew”), fromProto-Germanic*funiz,*fun-(“moisture, mold”); comparevinew.

Noun

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fen (uncountable)

  1. (obsolete) A kind ofmildew that grows onhops.
    • 1769,The Complete Farmer: Or, a General Dictionary of Husbandry‎[7], 2nd edition, page339:
      […]whereby the ſtagnating ſap corrupts, and breeds mouldyfen, which often ſpoils whole tracts of, till then, flouriſhing hop-grounds.
    • 1808, Thomas Potts,The British Farmer's Cyclopaedia or, Complete Agricultural Dictionary‎[8], Scatcherd and Letterman, page96:
      Among these are reckoned thewire worm;the flea, and the fly;thefenor mould;the mildew ; and what are usually calledfire blasts.
    • 1848, John Marius Wilson, editor,The Rural Cyclopedia‎[9], volume 2, A. Fullarton, page698:
      The mould, thefen, or the mouldy-fen, prevails more on hop-grounds which are low, moist, and sheltered, than on such as are high, dry, and open[…]

Anagrams

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Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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fen

  1. inflection offendre:
    1. third-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. second-personsingularimperative

Chuukese

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Adjective

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fen

  1. holy

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Adverb

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fen

  1. past tense marker for verbs
  2. already

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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fen m inan

  1. fen(unit of currency in China, one-hundredth of a yuan)
    • 1962,Časopis Národního muzea, volume131, page165:
      Čínská poštovní správa v roce 1961 vydala ke Dni armády, tj. k 1. srpnu 1961 dvě známky, a to v hodnotách 8fenů a 10fenů[…]
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
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Declension offen (hard masculine inanimate)
singularplural
nominativefenfeny
genitivefenufenů
dativefenufenům
accusativefenfeny
vocativefenefeny
locativefenufenech
instrumentalfenemfeny

Etymology 2

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Noun

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fen

  1. genitiveplural offena

Further reading

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  • “fen”, inKartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)

Dalmatian

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Etymology

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FromLatinfīnitus. CompareItalianfino.

Adjective

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fen (femininefaina)

  1. fine
  2. subtle
  3. pure

Faroese

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsefen, fromProto-Germanic*fanją.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fen n (genitive singularfens, pluralfen)

  1. bog,quagmire

Declension

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n3singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativefenfeniðfenfenini
accusativefenfeniðfenfenini
dativefenifeninumfenumfenunum
genitivefensfensinsfenafenanna

Derived terms

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Franco-Provençal

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatinfēnum.

Noun

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fen m (pluralfens)(ORB, broad)

  1. hay

References

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  • foin in DicoFranPro:Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – ondicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
  • fen in Lo trèsor Arpitan – onarpitan.eu

Friulian

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Etymology

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FromLatinfēnum,fromfaenum.

Noun

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fen m (pluralfens)

  1. hay

Related terms

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Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Ugric*pänV-, fromProto-Finno-Ugric*pänä-(“to whet”).[1]

Verb

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fen

  1. (transitive) tosharpen, towhet, tohone
    Synonyms:köszörül,élesít,élez
  2. (dialectal) torub, tosmear
    Synonyms:ken,dörgöl
Conjugation
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Conjugation offen
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.fenekfenszfenfenünkfentekfennek
def.fenemfenedfenifenjükfenitekfenik
2nd objfenlek
pastindef.fentemfentélfentfentünkfentetekfentek
def.fentemfentedfentefentükfentétekfenték
2nd objfentelek
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verbfog, e.g.fenni fog.
archaic
preterite		indef.fenékfenélfenefenénkfenétekfenének
def.fenémfenédfenéfenénkfenétekfenék
2nd objfenélek
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.fen vala,fent vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.fenendekfenendeszfenendfenendünkfenendetekfenendenek
def.fenendemfenendedfenendifenendjükfenenditekfenendik
2nd objfenendelek
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.fennékfennélfennefennénkfennétekfennének
def.fennémfennédfennéfennénk
(or fennők)		fennétekfennék
2nd objfennélek
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.fent volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.fenjekfenj or
fenjél		fenjenfenjünkfenjetekfenjenek
def.fenjemfend or
fenjed		fenjefenjükfenjétekfenjék
2nd objfenjelek
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.fent légyen
infinitivefennifennemfennedfenniefennünkfennetekfenniük
other
forms		verbal nounpresent part.past part.future part.adverbial participlecausative
fenésfenőfentfenendőfenve (fenvén)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same-(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by-ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional-ik verbs).
Potential conjugation offen
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.fenhetekfenhetszfenhetfenhetünkfenhettekfenhetnek
def.fenhetemfenhetedfenhetifenhetjükfenhetitekfenhetik
2nd objfenhetlek
pastindef.fenhettemfenhettélfenhetettfenhettünkfenhettetekfenhettek
def.fenhettemfenhettedfenhettefenhettükfenhettétekfenhették
2nd objfenhettelek
archaic
preterite		indef.fenhetékfenhetélfenhetefenheténkfenhetétekfenhetének
def.fenhetémfenhetédfenhetéfenheténkfenhetétekfenheték
2nd objfenhetélek
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.fenhet vala,fenhetett vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.fenhetendek
or fenandhatok		fenhetendesz
or fenandhatsz		fenhetend
or fenandhat		fenhetendünk
or fenandhatunk		fenhetendetek
or fenandhattok		fenhetendenek
or fenandhatnak
def.fenhetendem
or fenandhatom		fenhetended
or fenandhatod		fenhetendi
or fenandhatja		fenhetendjük
or fenandhatjuk		fenhetenditek
or fenandhatjátok		fenhetendik
or fenandhatják
2nd objfenhetendelek
or fenandhatlak
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.fenhetnékfenhetnélfenhetnefenhetnénkfenhetnétekfenhetnének
def.fenhetnémfenhetnédfenhetnéfenhetnénk
(or fenhetnők)		fenhetnétekfenhetnék
2nd objfenhetnélek
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.fenhetett volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.fenhessekfenhess or
fenhessél		fenhessenfenhessünkfenhessetekfenhessenek
def.fenhessemfenhesd or
fenhessed		fenhessefenhessükfenhessétekfenhessék
2nd objfenhesselek
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.fenhetett légyen
infinitive(fenhetni)(fenhetnem)(fenhetned)(fenhetnie)(fenhetnünk)(fenhetnetek)(fenhetniük)
other
forms		positive adjectivenegative adjectiveadverbial participle
fenhetőfenhetetlen(fenhetve /fenhetvén)
Derived terms
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Compound words
Expressions

Etymology 2

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Noun

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fen (pluralfenek)

  2. fen(unit of currency in China, one-hundredth of ayuan)
    Holonyms:jüan,zsenminpi
    Meronym:csiao
Declension
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Inflection (stem in-e-, front unrounded harmony)
singularplural
nominativefenfenek
accusativefentfeneket
dativefennekfeneknek
instrumentalfennelfenekkel
causal-finalfenértfenekért
translativefennéfenekké
terminativefenigfenekig
essive-formalfenkéntfenekként
essive-modal——
inessivefenbenfenekben
superessivefenenfeneken
adessivefennélfeneknél
illativefenbefenekbe
sublativefenrefenekre
allativefenhezfenekhez
elativefenbőlfenekből
delativefenrőlfenekről
ablativefentőlfenektől
non-attributive
possessive – singular		fenéfeneké
non-attributive
possessive – plural		fenéifenekéi
Possessive forms offen
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.fenemfenjeim
2nd person sing.fenedfenjeid
3rd person sing.fenjefenjei
1st person pluralfenünkfenjeink
2nd person pluralfenetekfenjeitek
3rd person pluralfenjükfenjeik

References

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  1. ^Entry #728 inUralonet, online Uralic etymological database of theHungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Further reading

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  • (to whet):fen inGéza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.

Icelandic

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsefen, fromProto-Germanic*fanją.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fen n (genitive singularfens,nominative pluralfen)

  1. fen,marsh,morass

Declension

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Declension offen (neuter)
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativefenfeniðfenfenin
accusativefenfeniðfenfenin
dativefenifeninufenumfenunum
genitivefensfensinsfenafenanna

Istriot

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Etymology

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FromLatinfaenum.

Noun

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fen

  1. hay

Lombard

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Etymology

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Akin toItalianfieno, from Latinfenum.

Noun

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fen

  1. hay

Mandarin

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Romanization

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fen

  1. nonstandard spelling offēn
  2. nonstandard spelling offén
  3. nonstandard spelling offěn
  4. nonstandard spelling offèn

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Englishfenn; fromProto-West Germanic*fani, fromProto-Germanic*fanją. The "dung" sense is influenced byOld Frenchfien.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fen (pluralfennes)

  1. fen,bog,swamp
  2. dirt,muddiness
  3. dung,feces
  4. (rare)rubbish,refuse
  5. (rare)quagmire,lure

Declension

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Declension offen
singularplural
nominative,accusativefenfennes
genitivefennesfenne,fennes
dativefennefennen

Descendants

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References

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Old English

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Noun

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fen m orn

  1. alternative form offenn

Old Norse

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*fanją.

Noun

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fen n (genitivefens,pluralfen)

  1. fen,bog,quagmire
    mýrar okfen
    bogs andfens

Declension

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Declension offen (strongja-stem)
neutersingularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativefenfenitfenfenin
accusativefenfenitfenfenin
dativefenifeninufenjumfenjunum
genitivefensfensinsfenjafenjanna

Dervied terms

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Related terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “fen”, inA Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at theInternet Archive

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromGermanFöhn, fromOld High Germanphonno, fromVulgar Latin*faōnius, fromLatinFavōnius.

Noun

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fen m inan

  1. (meteorology)foehn(warm dry wind blowing down the northern sides of the Alps)
  2. (meteorology)foehn(any similar wind)

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromChinese分.

Noun

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fen m inan

  1. fen(unit of Chinese currency)
Declension
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Declension offen
singularplural
nominativefenfeny
genitivefenufenów
dativefenowifenom
accusativefenfeny
instrumentalfenemfenami
locativefeniefenach
vocativefeniefeny
Derived terms
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adjective

Further reading

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  • fen in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromGermanFöhn.

Noun

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fȇn m (Cyrillic spellingфе̑н)

  1. hair dryer
  2. (meteorology)foehn

Declension

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Declension offen
singularplural
nominativefenfenovi
genitivefenafenova
dativefenufenovima
accusativefenfenove
vocativefenefenovi
locativefenufenovima
instrumentalfenomfenovima

Spanish

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Verb

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fen

  1. inflection offar:
    1. third-personpluralpresentsubjunctive
    2. third-personpluralimperative

Swedish

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Etymology

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FromOld Swedishfen, fromOld Norsefen(“fen, marsh, bog”).

Noun

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fen

  1. definitesingular offe

Noun

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fen

  1. (nature,regional)barrenbog
  2. (nature,regional)marshyland, over which water stands at certain times of the year
  3. (nature,regional)sinky pine land
  4. (nature,regional)marshland,moorland
  5. (nature,regional)fen,swamp,marsh,bog

References

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Turkish

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Etymology

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FromOttoman Turkishفن(fen,“kind, variety; art, science”), fromArabicفَنّ(fann), ultimately fromPersianپند(pand,“knack, trick”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fen (definite accusativefenni,pluralfenleror(archaic)fünun)

  1. (archaic)technic
    Synonym:fen
  2. (dated)science
    Synonym:bilim

Declension

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Declension offen
singularplural
nominativefenfenler
definite accusativefennifenleri
dativefennefenlere
locativefendefenlerde
ablativefendenfenlerden
genitivefenninfenlerin

Synonyms

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Related terms

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References

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Vietnamese

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Etymology

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Derived fromEnglishfriend.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fen

  1. (Internetslang)synonym ofbạn

Pronoun

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fen

  1. (Internetslang)synonym ofbạn

Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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fen

  1. soft mutation ofmen andben(“wagon”)

Mutation

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Mutated forms ofmen
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
menfenunchangedunchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Mutated forms ofben
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
benfenmenunchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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