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fel

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:fél,fêl,andfel-

Afrikaans

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Etymology

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FromDutchfel, fromMiddle Dutchfel, fromOld Frenchfel.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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fel (attributivefel,comparativefeller,superlativefelste)

  1. ferocious,fierce
  2. bright (e.g. sunlight)

Adverb

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fel

  1. fiercely,ferociously

Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited fromVulgar Latin*felem m orf, fromLatinfel n.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fel m orf (pluralfels)

  1. gall,bile
    Synonym:bilis
  2. (figurative)misery
  3. (figurative)rancor
    Synonym:rancúnia

Further reading

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Cornish

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Noun

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fel

  1. Mixed mutation ofmel.

Dutch

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Dutchfel, fromOld Frenchfel.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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fel (comparativefeller,superlativefelst)

  1. bright, shiny (e.g. sunlight)
  2. fierce, feisty, even bitter
  3. flashy, showy

Declension

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Declension offel
uninflectedfel
inflectedfelle
comparativefeller
positivecomparativesuperlative
predicative/adverbialfelfellerhetfelst
hetfelste
indefinitem./f. sing.fellefellerefelste
n. sing.felfellerfelste
pluralfellefellerefelste
definitefellefellerefelste
partitivefelsfellers

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans:fel
  • Papiamentu:fel(dated)

Adverb

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fel

  1. fiercely
    De Frisii waren een Germaans volk en net als verscheidene andere Germaanse volkeren wisten ze zichfel te verdedigen tegen de Romeinen[*] — The Frisii were a Germanic people and, just like various other Germanic peoples, they knew how to defend themselvesfiercely against the Romans.

Descendants

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Anagrams

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Elfdalian

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Etymology

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Cognate withSwedishfuller.

Adverb

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fel

  1. probably,likely

Fala

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈfel/
  • Rhymes:-el
  • Syllabification:fel

Etymology 1

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Inherited fromOld Galician-Portuguesefazer, fromLatinfacere. ComparePortuguesefazer andGalicianfacer.

Alternative forms

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Verb

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fel

  1. (Lagarteiru, Mañegu) todo,make
Conjugation
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Conjugation offel (Lagarteiru)
infinitivefel
gerundfendu
past participlemasculinefeminine
singularfeitufeita
pluralfeitusfeitas
singularplural
1st person2nd person3rd person1st person2nd person3rd person
indicativeeiel/elanosvoselis/elas
presentfagufaisfaifemusfeisfadin
imperfectfeyafeyasfeyaféyamusfeyisfeyan
preteritefidifidestis
fidetis
fidufidemusfidestis
fidetis
fideran
futurefairéfairásfairáfairemusfaireisfairán
conditionalfairíafairíasfairíafairíamusfairíis
fairíais
fairían
subjunctiveeiel/elanosvoselis/elas
presentfagafagasfagafagamusfagaisfagan
imperfect (ra)fiderafiderasfiderafidéramusfiderisfideran
imperfect (si)fidesifidesisfidesifidésimusfidesisfidesin
imperativefaifei
Conjugation offel (Mañegu)
infinitivefel
gerundfendu
past participlemasculinefeminine
singularfeitufeita
pluralfeitusfeitas
singularplural
1st person2nd person3rd person1st person2nd person3rd person
indicativeeiel/elanosvoselis/elas
presentfayufaisfaifemus
feimus
feisfayin
imperfectfeyafeyasfeyaféyamusfeyis
feyais
feyan
preteritefidifidestisfidufidemusfidestisfideran
futurefairéfairásfairáfairemusfaireisfairán
conditionalfairíafairíasfairíafairíamusfairíis
fairíais
fairían
subjunctiveeiel/elanosvoselis/elas
presentfayafayasfayafayamusfayaisfayan
imperfect (ra)fiderafiderasfiderafidéramusfideris
fiderais
fideran
imperfect (si)fidesifidesisfidesifidésimusfidesisfidesin
imperativefaifei
Related terms
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Etymology 2

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FromOld Galician-Portuguesefel , fromVulgar Latin*felem.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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fel f (uncountable)

  1. (Mañegu, Valverdeñu)bile

References

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  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021)Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published2022,→ISBN

Galician

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Etymology

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FromOld Galician-Portuguesefel (13th century,Cantigas de Santa Maria), fromVulgar Latin*felem m orf, fromLatinfel n.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fel m (pluralfeles)

  1. gall;bile
    Synonym:bile
  2. (figuratively)meanness
    Synonym:amargura

Derived terms

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References

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Hungarian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Uralic*pide.[1][2]

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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fel (comparativefeljebb,superlativelegfeljebb)

  1. up,upward,upwards(to a physically higher or more elevated position)
    Synonym:felfelé
    Antonyms:le,lefelé
    Coordinate terms:fent,fenn,(at a physically higher position)felül

Usage notes

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This term may also be part of the split form of a verb prefixed withfel-, occurring when the main verb does not follow the prefix directly. It can be interpreted only with the related verb form, irrespective of its position in the sentence, e.g.meg tudták volnanézni(they could haveseen it,frommegnéz). For verbs with this prefix, seefel-; for an overview,Appendix:Hungarian verbal prefixes.

Derived terms

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Expressions
See the compound word derivations below, at the noun sense.

Related terms

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Noun

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fel (uncountable)

  1. (archaic)Alternative form offöl(upper part, surface)
    Synonyms:(upper part)felsőrész,(surface)felület
  2. (rare, dialectal)Alternative form offöl(skim (of the milk))orföl(cream; the best part)

Declension

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Inflection offel
singularplural
nominativefel
accusativefelt
felet
dativefelnek
instrumentalfellel
causal-finalfelért
translativefellé
terminativefelig
essive-formalfelként
essive-modal
inessivefelben
superessivefelen
adessivefelnél
illativefelbe
sublativefelre
allativefelhez
elativefelből
delativefelről
ablativefeltől
non-attributive
possessive – singular
felé
non-attributive
possessive – plural
feléi
Possessive forms offel
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.felem
2nd person sing.feled
3rd person sing.fele
1st person pluralfelünk
2nd person pluralfeletek
3rd person pluralfelük

Derived terms

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Adjective

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fel

  1. (obsolete, only in compounds)upper,higher
    Synonyms:felső,feljebbi,fentebbi,fentebb/feljebb/magasabbanlévő

Derived terms

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Compound words

References

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  1. ^Entry #759 inUralonet, online Uralic etymological database of theHungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^fel in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.).Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006,→ISBN.  (See alsoits 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • (up):fel in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.
  • (skim, best part; rare, dialectal):fel , redirecting to standard(1):föl in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.
  • (upper part):fel inCzuczor, Gergely andJános Fogarasi:A magyar nyelv szótára (“A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874.

Latin

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Etymology

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Uncertain. Either fromProto-Indo-European*ǵʰelh₃-(green), or from*bʰel-,*bʰl̥H-(yellow).*ǵʰ- >f- instead of the expected*h- is explained as being regular in some dialects.[1] Cognates through the first etymon includeholus andhelvus;Ancient Greekχολή(kholḗ,bile) andχλωρός(khlōrós,green); andEnglishyellow andgold.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fel n (genitivefellis);third declension

  1. gall bladder
  2. gall,bile
  3. poison
  4. bitterness,venom

Declension

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Third-declension noun (neuter, i-stem).

singularplural
nominativefelfella
genitivefellisfellium
fellum
dativefellīfellibus
accusativefelfella
ablativefellefellibus
vocativefelfella

Descendants

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References

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  1. ^De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fel”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page209
  • fel”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • fel inGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromOld Frenchfel.[1]

Adjective

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fel

  1. cruel,harsh
  2. evil
  3. terrible
  4. dangerous

Inflection

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Adjective
singularplural
masculinefeminineneuter
nominativeindefinitefelfellefelfelle
definitefellefelle
accusativeindefinitefellenfellefelfelle
definitefelle
genitiveindefinitefelsfelrefelsfelre
definitefels,fellenfels,fellen
dativefellenfelrefellenfellen

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Adverb

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fel

  1. maliciously

References

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  1. ^van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “fel”, inEtymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Further reading

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Middle English

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Determiner

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fel

  1. Alternative form offele(many)

Adverb

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fel

  1. Alternative form offele(many)

Old English

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Noun

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fel n

  1. Alternative form offell

Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromEarly Medieval Latinfellō. The oblique casefelon comes from the accusativefellōnem.

Noun

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fel m

  1. nominativesingular offelon

Adjective

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fel m

  1. nominativesingular offelon

Usage notes

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In later Old French,fel was also used as the oblique case instead offelon. A femininefele /felle also develops later on.[1]

Descendants

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References

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  1. ^Godefroy, Frédéric,Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes duIXe auXVe siècle (1881) (1. fel)
  2. ^van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “fel”, inEtymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Old Irish

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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fel

  1. Alternative form offil

Mutation

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Mutation offel
radicallenitionnasalization
felḟelfel
pronounced with/β(ʲ)-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Portuguese

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Etymology

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FromOld Galician-Portuguesefel, fromVulgar Latin*felem m orf, fromLatinfel n.

Pronunciation

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  • Rhymes:(Portugal)-ɛl,(Brazil)-ɛw
  • Hyphenation:fel

Noun

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fel m (pluralféisorfeles)

  1. sourness,acerbity,bitterness
    Synonym:azedume
  2. (figuratively)sorrow
    Synonym:amargura
  3. (medicine)gall;bile
    Synonyms:bile,bílis

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromHungarian-féle.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fel n (pluralfeluri)

  1. sort,type,kind
    Synonyms:gen,tip
  2. manner,style,way
    În cefel?In whatway?
    Înfelul acesta.In thisway.
    Nu e înfelul lui să fie neprietenos.It’s unlike him to be unkind.
  3. course of a meal
    felul unufirst course
    felul doisecond course
    felul treidessert

Declension

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Declension offel
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativefelfelulfelurifelurile
genitive-dativefelfeluluifelurifelurilor
vocativefelulefelurilor

Derived terms

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References

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Swedish

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Etymology

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See Norwegianfeil and Danishfejl. Used in Swedish at least since 1527. For the adverb, the now obsolete formfelt was the dominant written form until the mid 19th century.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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fel (comparativemer fel,superlativemest fel)

  1. wrong,incorrect,erroneous
    Fel svar ger inga poäng
    A wrong answer gives no points
    Det ärfel att döda
    Killing iswrong
    Vi gickfel väg
    We wentthe wrong way
    Vi gick påfel buss
    We got onthe wrong bus

Declension

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No inflected forms.

Antonyms

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Adverb

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fel (comparativemer fel,superlativemest fel)

  1. wrong,wrongly,incorrectly,erroneously
    Hon svaradefel på hälften av frågorna
    She answeredwrong on half of the questions
    Planen slogfel
    The plan failed
    Det gickfel
    It wentwrong

See also

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Noun

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fel n

  1. (uncountable)wrong (incorrectness or moral wrongness), (sometimes, by rephrasing) amistake
    Antonym:rätt
    Jag erkänner, jag gjordefel
    I admit, I made a mistake / I didwrong (can mean morally or otherwise)
    Hanhar fel
    Heis wrong ("has wrong" – idiomatic)
  2. anerror, afault, adefect, awrong
    Vi hittade flerafel i artikeln
    We found severalerrors in the article
    Det är någotfel på datorn
    There is somethingwrong with the computer
    Tvåfel gör inte ett rätt
    Twowrongs don't make a right (idiomatic)

Declension

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Declension offel
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitefelfels
definitefeletfelets
pluralindefinitefelfels
definitefelenfelens

Derived terms

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This list includes words based on the adverb (felcitera(to cite erroneously)) as well as the noun (felsöka(to search for errors)).

References

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Volapük

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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fel (nominative pluralfels)

  1. field (general)

Declension

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Declension offel
singularplural
nominativefelfels
genitivefelafelas
dativefelefeles
accusativefelifelis
vocative1ofel!ofels!
predicative2felufelus

1 status as a case is disputed
2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

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Related terms

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See also

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Welsh

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Etymology

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FromProto-Brythonic*haβ̃al, itself fromProto-Celtic*samalis, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*sem-(together, one). Cognate withBretonevel,Cornishavel,Irishsamhail,Latinsimilis.[1]

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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fel

  1. as,like
    • Nursery rhyme:
      Gwynfel yr eira / Dufel y frân / Pincfel y rhosyn / Cochfel y tân / Llwydfel y wiwer / Melynfel yr haul / Glasfel yr awyr / Gwyrddfel y dail. / Dyna rai o'r lliwiau, / y lliwiau yn Gymraeg.
      Whitelike the snow / Blacklike the crow / Pinklike the rose / Redlike the fire / Greylike the squirrel / Yellowlike the sun / Bluelike the sky / Greenlike the leaves. / Those are some of the colours, / the colours in Welsh.

Related terms

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Adverb

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fel

  1. (South Wales, colloquial)how
    Synonyms:fel,ffordd
    Fel ’yt ti’n gwbod ’ny?How do you know that?

Related terms

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References

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  1. ^R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “fel”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  2. ^Morris Jones, John (1913)A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press,§ 51 vi
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