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false friend

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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WOTD – 4 May 2007

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

false friend

Wikipedia

Etymology

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Calque ofFrenchfaux-ami, from the longer phrasefaux amis du traducteur(“false friends of a translator”), first used by Maxime Kœssler and Jules Derocquigny in 1928 in their bookLes Faux Amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais (False Friends, or the Pitfalls of the English Vocabulary).^[1]

Pronunciation

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(Received Pronunciation)IPA^(key): /ˌfɒls ˈfɹɛnd/,/ˌfɔːls ˈfɹɛnd/
(General American)IPA^(key): /ˌfɔls ˈfɹɛnd/,/ˌfɑls ˈfɹɛnd/
Audio(US): (file)
Audio(General Australian): (file)

Noun

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Examples
The Spanishembarazado(“pregnant”) and Englishembarrassed. The Portugueseparentes(“relatives”) and Englishparents. The Chinese手紙／手纸 (shǒuzhǐ, “toilet paper”) and Japanese手紙(tegami,“letter”), both of which are composed of the same characters. The Italiantriviale(“vulgar”) and Englishtrivial. The two words are cognate through the Latin roottrivium(“crossroads”).

Examples

The Spanishembarazado(“pregnant”) and Englishembarrassed.
The Portugueseparentes(“relatives”) and Englishparents.
The Chinese手紙／手纸 (shǒuzhǐ, “toilet paper”) and Japanese手紙(tegami,“letter”), both of which are composed of the same characters.
The Italiantriviale(“vulgar”) and Englishtrivial. The two words are cognate through the Latin roottrivium(“crossroads”).

false friend (pluralfalse friends)

(linguistics, translation studies, lexicography) Aword in a language that bears adeceptive resemblance to a word in another language but in fact has a different meaning.
Synonyms:faux ami;false cousin(uncommon)
Coordinate term:true friend
A word and itsfalse friend may well be etymologically related: in such cases semantic shifts have made them drift apart.
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically:seefalse,‎friend.