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fair

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Fair,FAIR,fair-,andfáir

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishfayr,feir,fager, fromOld Englishfæġer(“beautiful”), fromProto-West Germanic*fagr, fromProto-Germanic*fagraz(“suitable, fitting, nice”), fromProto-Indo-European*peh₂ḱ-(“to fasten, place”).

Cognate withScotsfayr,fare(“fair”),Danishfeir,faver,fager(“fair, pretty”),Norwegianfager(“fair, pretty”),Swedishfager(“fair, pretty”),Icelandicfagur(“beautiful, fair”),Umbrianpacer(“gracious, merciful, kind”),Slovakpekný(“good-looking, handsome, nice”). See alsopeace.

Adjective

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Wikidata lexemes logo
Wikidata has aLexeme related to:

fair (comparativefairer,superlativefairest)

  2. (original sense, archaic or literary)Beautiful, of apleasing appearance, with apure and fresh quality.
    Synonyms:beautiful,pretty,lovely
    Monday's child isfair of face.
    There was once a knight who wooed afair young maid.
  4. Unblemished (figuratively or literally); clean andpure; innocent.
    Synonyms:pure,clean,neat
    one'sfair name
    After scratching out and replacing various words in the manuscript, he scribed afair copy to send to the publisher.
    • 1605, “The order for the administration of the Lords Supper, or holy Communion”, inThe Booke of Common Prayer, and Administration of the Sacraments‎[1], London: Robert Barker:
      The Table hauing at the Communion time afaire white linnen cloth vpon it, shall stand in the body of the Church, or in the Chancell, where Morning prayer and Euening prayer be appointed to be said.
    • 1665,Robert Hooke,Micrographia, London, Observation 21, “OfMoss, and several other small vegetative Substances,” p. 135,[2]
      […] I have observ’d, that puttingfair Water (whether Rain-water or Pump-water, orMay-dew, or Snow-water, it was almost all one) I have often observ’d, I say, that this Water would, with a little standing, tarnish and cover all about the sides of the Glass that lay under water, with a lovely green […]
  6. Light in color,pale, particularly with regard toskintone but also referring toblond andred hair.
    Synonym:pale
    Antonym:swarthy
    She hadfair hair and blue eyes.
    • 1677,Matthew Hale,The Primitive Origination of Mankind, Considered and Examined According to the Light of Nature‎[3], page200:
      the northern people large andfair-complexioned
    • 1910,Emerson Hough, chapter I, inThe Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      This new-comer was a man who in any company would have seemed striking. In complexionfair, and with blue or gray eyes, he was tall as any Viking, as broad in the shoulder.
  8. Just.
    Synonyms:honest,equitable,rightful
    He must be given afair trial.
    • 1910,Emerson Hough, chapter I, inThe Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      “[…] it is notfair of you to bring against mankind double weapons ! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”
  10. Adequate,reasonable, ordecent, but notexcellent.
    Synonyms:OK,okay
    Their performance has been onlyfair.
    The patient was in afair condition after some treatment.
    • 1913,Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter III, inMr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London:D[aniel] Appleton and Company,→OCLC:
      My hopes wa'n't disappointed. I never saw clams thicker than they was along them inshore flats. I filled my dreener in no time, and then it come to me that 'twouldn't be a bad idee to get a lot more, take 'em with me to Wellmouth, and peddle 'em out. Clams was fairly scarce over that side of the bay and ought to fetch afair price.
    • 1953,Samuel Beckett,Watt,[Paris]:Olympia Press,→OCLC:
      The words of these songs were either without meaning, or derived from an idiom with which Watt, a veryfair linguist, had no acquaintance.
  12. (nautical, of a wind) Favorable to a ship's course.
  13. Favorable,pleasant.
    The weather wasfair today.
    2. Not overcast; cloudless; clear.
      afair sky
    4. Free from obstacles or hindrances; unobstructed; unencumbered; open; direct; said of a road, passage, etc.
      afair mark;  infair sight;  afair view
      • c.1610?,Walter Raleigh,A Discourse of War:
        The caliphs obtained a mighty empire, which was in afair way to have enlarged.
  15. (shipbuilding) Without sudden change of direction or curvature; smooth; flowing; said of the figure of a vessel, and of surfaces, water lines, and other lines.
  17. (baseball) Between the baselines.
  19. (rugby, of a catch) Taken direct from an opponent's foot, without the ball touching the ground or another player.
  21. (cricket, of a ball delivered by the bowler) Not ano ball.
  23. (statistics) Of a coin ordie, having equal chance of landing on any side,unbiased.
    Afair coin has a 50% chance of landing on heads.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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pretty or attractive
unblemished and innocent
light in color or pale
just, equitable
adequate, reasonable, decent
nautical: favorable to a ship's course
not overcast or raining of weather
baseball: between the baselines
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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fair (pluralfair)

  1. Something which is fair (in various senses of the adjective).
    When will we learn to distinguish between thefair and the foul?
  2. (obsolete) Awoman, a member of the ‘fair sex’; also as a collective singular,women.
  3. (obsolete)Fairness, beauty.
  4. A fair woman; a sweetheart.
  5. (obsolete) Good fortune; good luck.

Verb

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Wikidata lexemes logo

fair (third-person singular simple presentfairs,present participlefairing,simple past and past participlefaired)

  2. (transitive) Tosmoothen oreven asurface (especially aconnection orjunction on a surface).
  3. (transitive) To bring into perfectalignment (especially aboutrivetholes when connecting structural members).
  4. (transitive, art) To make ananimationsmooth, removing anyjerkiness.
    • 1996,Computer Animation '96: June 3-4, 1996, Geneva, Switzerland, page136:
      Since the sequence of data contain sampling noises, the captured motion is not smooth and wiggles along the moving path. There are well-knownfairing algorithms in Euclidean space based on difference geometry.
  5. (transitive) To construct or design with the aim of producing a smooth outline or reducingairdrag or water resistance.
    • 1920,Technical Report of the Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, page206:
      Two forward cars were provided with the model. One of these (shown detached in Fig. 1) wasfaired at its after end, with a view to possible reduction of head resistance, and to induce a better flow of air to the propeller.
  6. (transitive, obsolete) To make fair or beautiful.
  7. (intransitive, of weather) To becomefair (favorable, not stormy).
    • 1891, Percival Lowell,Noto: An Unexplored Corner of Japan, IndyPublish.com, page211:
      [The] weatherfaired, and toward midday we were again facing the fringe of breakers from the cliffs.
  • 1929, James Frank Dobie,A Vaquero of the Brush Country, page88:
    ... weather "faired off" next morning, and we were not a bit sorry to mark time for a couple of days while the water went down.
  • 199205, Wallace O. Chariton, Charlie Eckhardt, Kevin Young,Unsolved Texas Mysteries, Taylor Trade Publications,→ISBN, page205:
    ... weatherfaired up but there was no thought of delay; it was time for Texas to move forward and form a new, independent government. In an effort to combat the frigid conditions, the delegates nailed thin pieces of cloth over the […]
Synonyms
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  • (to reduce air drag or water resistance): tostreamline
Derived terms
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Translations
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to smoothen a surface
to bring into perfect alignment
to produce a smooth outline

Adverb

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Wikidata lexemes logo

fair (comparativemorefairorfairer,superlativemostfairorfairest)

  1. Clearly,openly,frankly,civilly,honestly,favorably,auspiciously,agreeably.
  2. (Ireland)Almost; to a greatextent but notliterally.
    • 1913, James Johnston Abraham,The Night Nurse:
      "I'mfair moidered to know what to do wid him," she confessed to the rosy-cheeked Bridget one day.
    • 2011 June 1, Dorothy Mitchell,Hollybeck, Chipmunkapublishing ltd,→ISBN, page 7:
      "I just want to get me blasted boots off and soak me poor feet, they'refair killing me, what with chilblains and corns, me toes arefair screaming."
    • 2011 September 5, Mary Hooper,Velvet, A&C Black,→ISBN, page67:
      "We were at Egyptian Hall last night and the poor lady was overwhelmed with messages - theyfair exhausted her."
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishfeyre, fromOld Frenchfoire, fromLatinfēriae.

Noun

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fair (pluralfairs)

  2. A communitygathering tocelebrate andexhibit local achievements.
  4. An event for public entertainment and trade, amarket.
    • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      The turmoil went on—no rest, no peace.[…] It was nearly eleven o'clock now, and he strolled out again. In the littlefair created by the costers' barrows the evening only seemed beginning; and the naphtha flares made one's eyes ache, the men's voices grated harshly, and the girls' faces saddened one.
  6. An event forprofessionals in a trade to learn of new products and dobusiness, atrade fair.
  8. A travellingamusement park (called a funfair in British English and a (travelling)carnival in US English).
Derived terms
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Translations
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celebration
market
professional event, trade fair
a travelling amusement park
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

References

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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /fɛːr/
  • Hyphenation:fair

Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromEnglishfair, fromMiddle Englishfayr, fromOld Englishfæġer, fromProto-West Germanic*fagr, fromProto-Germanic*fagraz.

Adjective

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fair (comparativefairder,superlativefairst)

  1. (colloquial, higher register)fair(just,honest,equitable,adequate)
Declension
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Declension offair
uninflectedfair
inflectedfaire
comparativefairder
positivecomparativesuperlative
predicative/adverbialfairfairderhetfairst
hetfairste
indefinitem./f. sing.fairefairderefairste
n. sing.fairfairderfairste
pluralfairefairderefairste
definitefairefairderefairste
partitivefairsfairders—

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromEnglishfair, fromMiddle Englishfeyre, fromOld Frenchfoire, fromLatinfēriae.

Noun

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fair m (pluralfairs,nodiminutive)

  1. afair(social event, type of market)
    Synonyms:braderie,jaarmarkt
  2. (rare) afunfair,carnival
    Synonyms:foor,kermis
Related terms
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German

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishfair in the 19th century, fromOld Englishfæġer, fromProto-West Germanic*fagr, fromProto-Germanic*fagraz, whence alsoMiddle High Germanvager(“splendid, wonderful”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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fair (strong nominative masculine singularfairer,comparativefairer,superlativeamfairsten)

  1. (especially sports)fair(just,honest,equitable,adequate)
    Synonyms:anständig,ehrlich,gerecht,gleich,ausgeglichen,angemessen,sauber
    Antonym:unfair
    einfaires Spiel ―anhonest game, afairly played game
    Unsere einzige Möglichkeit,fair zu sein, besteht darin, alle gleich schlecht zu behandeln.
    The only way we can befair is by treating everybody equally badly.

Declension

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Positive forms offair
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuter
predicativeeristfairsieistfairesistfairsiesindfair
strong declension
(without article)		nominativefairerfairefairesfaire
genitivefairenfairerfairenfairer
dativefairemfairerfairemfairen
accusativefairenfairefairesfaire
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativederfairediefairedasfairediefairen
genitivedesfairenderfairendesfairenderfairen
dativedemfairenderfairendemfairendenfairen
accusativedenfairendiefairedasfairediefairen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeeinfairereinefaireeinfaires(keine)fairen
genitiveeinesfaireneinerfaireneinesfairen(keiner)fairen
dativeeinemfaireneinerfaireneinemfairen(keinen)fairen
accusativeeinenfaireneinefaireeinfaires(keine)fairen
Comparative forms offair
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuter
predicativeeristfairersieistfaireresistfairersiesindfairer
strong declension
(without article)		nominativefairererfairerefaireresfairere
genitivefairerenfairererfairerenfairerer
dativefaireremfairererfaireremfaireren
accusativefairerenfairerefaireresfairere
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativederfairerediefaireredasfairerediefaireren
genitivedesfairerenderfairerendesfairerenderfaireren
dativedemfairerenderfairerendemfairerendenfaireren
accusativedenfairerendiefaireredasfairerediefaireren
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeeinfairerereinefairereeinfaireres(keine)faireren
genitiveeinesfairereneinerfairereneinesfaireren(keiner)faireren
dativeeinemfairereneinerfairereneinemfaireren(keinen)faireren
accusativeeinenfairereneinefairereeinfaireres(keine)faireren
Superlative forms offair
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuter
predicativeeristamfairstensieistamfairstenesistamfairstensiesindamfairsten
strong declension
(without article)		nominativefairsterfairstefairstesfairste
genitivefairstenfairsterfairstenfairster
dativefairstemfairsterfairstemfairsten
accusativefairstenfairstefairstesfairste
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativederfairstediefairstedasfairstediefairsten
genitivedesfairstenderfairstendesfairstenderfairsten
dativedemfairstenderfairstendemfairstendenfairsten
accusativedenfairstendiefairstedasfairstediefairsten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeeinfairstereinefairsteeinfairstes(keine)fairsten
genitiveeinesfairsteneinerfairsteneinesfairsten(keiner)fairsten
dativeeinemfairsteneinerfairsteneinemfairsten(keinen)fairsten
accusativeeinenfairsteneinefairsteeinfairstes(keine)fairsten

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “fair” inDuden online
  • “fair” inDigitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Haitian Creole

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Etymology

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FromFrenchfaire.

Verb

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fair

  1. (Saint-Domingue) todo
    Ly doifair nion l'autre quichoy avant cila là. ―He shoulddo another thing before that one.

Descendants

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  • Haitian Creole:fè

References

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  • S. J. Ducœurjoly (1802),Manuel des habitans de Saint-Domingue[Manual of the Inhabitants of Saint-Domingue]‎[4] (in French), Paris

Hungarian

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Etymology

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FromEnglishfair.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈfɛr],[ˈfɛːr]
  • Hyphenation:fair
  • Rhymes:-ɛr

Adjective

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fair (comparativefairebb,superlativelegfairebb)

  1. fair(just, equitable)
    Synonyms:méltányos,tisztességes,becsületes,igazságos,korrekt,sportszerű

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-e-, front unrounded harmony)
singularplural
nominativefairfairek
accusativefairtfaireket
dativefairnekfaireknek
instrumentalfairrelfairekkel
causal-finalfairértfairekért
translativefairréfairekké
terminativefairigfairekig
essive-formalfairkéntfairekként
essive-modalfairül—
inessivefairbenfairekben
superessivefairenfaireken
adessivefairnélfaireknél
illativefairbefairekbe
sublativefairrefairekre
allativefairhezfairekhez
elativefairbőlfairekből
delativefairrőlfairekről
ablativefairtőlfairektől
non-attributive
possessive – singular		fairéfaireké
non-attributive
possessive – plural		fairéifairekéi

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Further reading

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  • fair in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.
  • fair in Nóra Ittzés, editor,A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031(work in progress; publisheda–ez as of 2024).

Irish

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Etymology

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Seeaire(“watching, attention”)

Pronunciation

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Verb

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fair (present analyticfaireann,future analyticfairfidh,verbal nounfaire,past participlefairthe)

  1. towatch

Conjugation

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Conjugation offair (first conjugation – A)
indicativesingularpluraldirect relativeautonomous
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
presentfairimfaireann tú;
fairir†		faireann sé, sífairimid;faireann muidfaireann sibhfaireann siad;
fairid†		afhaireann; afhaireasfairtear
pastd'fhair mé;d'fhaireas /
fhair mé‡;fhaireas‡		d'fhair tú;d'fhairis /
fhair tú‡;fhairis‡		d'fhair sé, sí /
fhair sé, sí‡		d'fhaireamar;d'fhair muid /
fhaireamar‡;fhair muid‡		d'fhair sibh;d'fhaireabhair /
fhair sibh‡;
fhaireabhair‡		d'fhair siad;d'fhaireadar /
fhair siad‡;fhaireadar‡		ad'fhairfaireadh
past habituald'fhairinn /
fairinn‡		d'fhairteá /
fairteá‡		d'fhaireadh sé, sí /
faireadh sé, sí‡		d'fhairimis;d'fhaireadh muid /
fairimis‡;faireadh muid‡		d'fhaireadh sibh /
faireadh sibh‡		d'fhairidís;d'fhaireadh siad /
fairidís‡;faireadh siad‡		ad'fhaireadhd'fhairtí /
fairtí‡
singularpluraldirect relativeautonomous
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
futurefairfidh mé;
fairfead		fairfidh tú;
fairfir†		fairfidh sé, sífairfimid;
fairfidh muid		fairfidh sibhfairfidh siad;
fairfid†		afhairfidh; afhairfeasfairfear
conditionald'fhairfinn /
fairfinn‡		d'fhairfeá /
fairfeá‡		d'fhairfeadh sé, sí /
fairfeadh sé, sí‡		d'fhairfimis;d'fhairfeadh muid /
fairfimis‡;fairfeadh muid‡		d'fhairfeadh sibh /
fairfeadh sibh‡		d'fhairfidís;d'fhairfeadh siad /
fairfidís‡;fairfeadh siad‡		ad'fhairfeadhd'fhairfí /
fairfí‡
subjunctivesingularpluraldirect relativeautonomous
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
presentgobhfaire mé;
gobhfairead†		gobhfaire tú;
gobhfairir†		gobhfaire sé, sígobhfairimid;
gobhfaire muid		gobhfaire sibhgobhfaire siad;
gobhfairid†		—gobhfairtear
pastdábhfairinndábhfairteádábhfaireadh sé, sídábhfairimis;
dábhfaireadh muid		dábhfaireadh sibhdábhfairidís;
dábhfaireadh siad		—dábhfairtí
imperativesingularpluraldirect relativeautonomous
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
—fairimfairfaireadh sé, sífairimisfairigí;
fairidh†		fairidís—fairtear
past participlefairthe
verbal nounfaire

† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form

Mutation

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Mutated forms offair
radicallenitioneclipsis
fairfhairbhfair

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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fair

  1. third-personsingularmasculine/neuteraccusative offor

Polish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishfair.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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fair (notcomparable,no derived adverb)

  1. fair(just, equitable)
    Synonym:uczciwy

Declension

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Indeclinable.

Adverb

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fair (notcomparable)

  1. fairly(in a fair manner)
    Synonym:uczciwie

Related terms

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noun

Further reading

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  • fair inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • fair in Polish dictionaries at PWN
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