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fag

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:fág,fàg,and-fag
Languages (14)
Translingual • English
Aromanian • Danish • Icelandic • Jamaican Creole • Megleno-Romanian • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Occitan • Old English • Polish • Romanian • Welsh
Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

fag

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-3language code forFinongan.

See also

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Probably fromfag end(“remnant”), fromMiddle Englishfagge(“flap”).

Noun

fag (pluralfags)

  1. (US, technical) Intextile inspections, a rough or coarse defect in thewoven fabric.
  2. (UK, Ireland, colloquial) Acigarette.
    • 1968 January 25,The Bulletin‎[1], Oregon:
      He′d Phase OutFag Industry
      Los Angeles (UPI) - A UCLA professor has called for the phasing out of the cigarette industry by converting tobacco acres to other crops.
    • 1995,Pulp, “Common People”, inDifferent Class:
      Oh, rent a flat above a shop / And cut your hair and get a job / And smoke somefags and play some pool / Pretend you never went to school
    • 2001,Oliver Sacks,Uncle Tungsten: Memories of a Chemical Boyhood,Alfred A. Knopf, section 15:
      All of them, like my mother, were heavy smokers, and after warming themselves by the fire, they would sit on the sofa and smoke, lobbing their wetfag ends into the fire.
    • 2011, Bill Marsh,Great Australian Shearing Stories,unnumbered page:
      So I started off by asking the shearers if they minded if I took a belly off while they were having afag. Then after a while they were asking me. They′d say, ‘Do yer wanta take over fer a bit while I have afag?’ And then I got better and I′d finish the sheep and they′d say ‘Christ, I haven′t finished me bloodyfag yet, yer may as well shear anotherie.’
  3. (UK, Ireland, obsolete, colloquial) Theworstpart orend of athing.
    • 1788, William Perry, editor,The Royal standard English dictionary‎[2]:
      Fag, s. the worst part or end of anything.
Usage notes
  • The usage to refer to a cigarette is no longer readily understood in North America due to the prevalence of the use as a homophobic slur there (see etymology 3). It is now likely to be misunderstood as such or otherwise seen as offensive by people from that region.[1] This can cause problems for people from other regions using the word like this on US-run social media platforms, even in local or regional spaces.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations
cigarette—seecigarette

Etymology 2

Akin toflag(“droop, tire”). CompareDutchvaak(“sleepiness”).

Noun

fag (pluralfags)

  1. (UK, Ireland, colloquial, now rare) Achore: anarduous andtiresometask.
    • 1817, Jane Austen, Northanger Abbey:
      We are sadly off in the country; not but what we have very good shops in Salisbury, but it is so far to go—eight miles is a long way; Mr. Allen says it is nine, measured nine; but I am sure it cannot be more than eight; and it is such afag—I come back tired to death.
    • 1923, Agatha Christie,The Murder on the Links:
      Keeping up appearances is a bit of afag, ​I grant, but if a girl respects herself it’s up to her not to let herself get slack.
  3. (UK, Ireland, education, historical, colloquial) Ayoungerstudentacting as aservant forseniorstudents.
    • 1791, Richard Cumberland,The Observer, volume 4,page67:
      I had the character at ſchool of being the very beſtfag that ever came into it.
    • 1848 November –1850 December,William Makepeace Thackeray,The History of Pendennis. […], volume(please specify |volume=I or II), London:Bradbury and Evans, […], published1849–1850,→OCLC:
      “He was myfag at Eton,” Warrington said. “I ought to have licked him a little more.”
    • 1991,Stephen Fry,The Liar, page18:
      A gang offags wasmobbing about by the notice-boards. They fell silent as he approached. He patted one of them on the head. ‘Pretty children,’ he sighed, digging into his waistcoat pocket and pulling out a handful of change. ‘Tonight you shall eat.’ Scattering the coins at their feet, he moved on.
Derived terms

Verb

fag (third-person singular simple presentfags,present participlefagging,simple past and past participlefagged)

  2. (transitive, colloquial, used mainly in passive form, now rare) To makeexhausted,tired out.
  3. (intransitive, colloquial, now rare) To droop; to tire.
    • a.1829, G. Mackenzie,Lives, quoted in1829, "Fag", entry inThe London Encyclopaedia: Or, Universal Dictionary, Volume 9,page 12,
      Creighton with-held his force 'till the Italian began tofag, and then brought him to the ground.
  4. (intransitive, UK, Ireland, education, historical, colloquial) (of a youngerstudent) To act as aservant forsenior students in many Britishboarding schools.
  5. (transitive, UK, Ireland, education, historical, colloquial) To have (a youngerstudent) act as aservant in this way.
    • 1887, Francis Bacon, Richard Whately,Essays, page63:
      It is everywhere observed that a liberated slave is apt to make a merciless master, and that boys who have been cruellyfagged at school are cruel faggers.
  6. (intransitive, UK, Ireland, now rare) To work hard, especially onmenial chores.
    • 1847, Charlotte Brontë, chapter 1, inJane Eyre‎[3], HTML edition:
      This state of things should have been to me a paradise of peace, accustomed as I was to a life of ceaseless reprimand and thanklessfagging; but, in fact, my racked nerves were now in such a state that no calm could soothe, and no pleasure excite them agreeably.
    • 1849 May –1850 November,Charles Dickens,The Personal History of David Copperfield, London:Bradbury & Evans, […], published1850,→OCLC:
      I walked about the streets where the best shops for ladies were, I haunted the Bazaar like an unquiet spirit, Ifagged through the Park again and again, long after I was quite knocked up.
Derived terms

Usage notes

  • As with the usage to refer to a cigarette (see etymology 1), these usages are likely to cause offence to or otherwise be seen as slurs by people from North America due to the prevalence of the usage as a slur (see etymology 3) in that region, even if their literal meaning is understood. Even in the UK and Ireland, due to the rarity of these senses and the prevalence of the usage to refer to a cigarette, these usages may cause confusion or misunderstandings.

Etymology 3

Clipping offaggot.

Noun

fag (pluralfags)

  2. (US, Canada, vulgar, usually offensive, sometimes endearing) Ahomosexual man,especially(usually derogatory) aneffeminate orunusual one.
    • 1921 John Lind,The Female Impersonators (Historical Documentation of American Slang v. 1, A-G, edited by Jonathan E. Lighter (New York: Random House, 1994) page 716.
      Androgynes known as “fairies,” “fags,” or “brownies.”
    • 1926, American Neurological Association with New York Neurological Associationet al.,Journal of nervous and mental disease‎[4], volume94, page467:
      In schizophrenics, however, the homosexual outlet is sooner or later ... ideas that strangers call them "cs," "fairy," "woman," "fag," " fruit," etc.). ...
    • 1960,John Updike,'Rabbit, Run', page111:
      When they pick out a set of clubs for him to rent, he is so indifferent and silent the freckled kid in charge stares at him as if he's a moron. The thought flits through his brain that Eccles is known as afag and he has become the new pet.
    • 2006, Lynn Mickelsen,Confusion Turned to Chaos:
      A couple of days later, Trisha tells Madelyn there is a rumor going around that she's afag.
    • 2008, Paul Ryan Brewer,Value war: public opinion and the politics of gay rights,→ISBN,page60:
      ... what appeared to be overt appeals to anti-gay sentiment. When House Majority Whip Dick Armey referred to fellow Congressman Barney Frank as "BarneyFag" in 1995, he suffered a barage of negative publicity that prompted him to explain his choice of words as a slip of the tongue.
  3. (US, vulgar, derogatory, offensive) Anannoying person.
    Why did you do that, youfag?
Usage notes
  • In North America,fag is often considered highly offensive, although some gay people have tried to reclaim it. (Comparefaggot.) The humorousness of derived termsfag hag andfag stag is sometimes considered to lessen their offensiveness.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations
homosexual man

References

  1. ^Richard Forrester (18 August 2018), “Lee Dixon apologises for saying ‘fag’ on US tv when talking about Maurizio Sarri’s smoking habits”, inThe Sun, retrieved6 October 2023

Anagrams

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

FromLatinfāgus. CompareRomanianfag.

Noun

fag m (pluralfadz)

  1. beech

Derived terms

Related terms

Danish

Etymology

FromGermanFach(“compartment, drawer, subject”), fromOld High Germanfah(“wall”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /faːˀɣ/,[ˈfæˀj],[ˈfæˀ],IPA(key): [ˈfɑw-](in derivatives)

Noun

fag n (singular definitefaget,plural indefinitefag)

  1. subject (ofstudy)
  2. trade,craft,profession
  3. bay (the distance between two vertical or horizontal supports in roofs and walls)

Inflection

Declension offag
neuter
gender		singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativefagfagetfagfagene
genitivefagsfagetsfagsfagenes

Derived terms

References

Icelandic

Etymology

Borrowed fromDanishfag, itself a borrowing fromGermanFach.

Pronunciation

Noun

fag n (genitive singularfags,nominative pluralfög)

  1. subject (particular area of study)
    Synonym:námsgrein

Declension

Declension offag (neuter)
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativefagfagiðfögfögin
accusativefagfagiðfögfögin
dativefagifaginufögumfögunum
genitivefagsfagsinsfagafaganna

Jamaican Creole

Etymology

Derived fromEnglishfog.

Noun

fag

  1. fog
    • 2012,Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published2012,→ISBN,Jiemz 4:14:
      Bot wa unu nuo buot tumaro? Unu no iivn nuo ou unu laif a-go go tumaro. Unu laif komiin jos laikfag. Difag kom dong fi likl bit, an den az di son kom out so, difag jos disapier.
      Yet you do not know what your life will be like tomorrow. Your life is like afog that comes in for a little while, then when the sun comes out thefog vanishes away.

Megleno-Romanian

Etymology

FromLatinfagus.

Noun

fag m

  1. beech

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

FromMiddle Low German orGerman Low Germanfak; compare withGermanFach.

Noun

fag n (definite singularfaget,indefinite pluralfag,definite pluralfagaorfagene)

  1. subject (e.g., at school)
  2. profession,trade,discipline

Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

FromMiddle Low German orGerman Low Germanfak; compare withGermanFach.

Noun

fag n (definite singularfaget,indefinite pluralfag,definite pluralfaga)

  1. subject (e.g., at school)
  2. profession,trade,discipline

Derived terms

References

Occitan

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited fromLatinfāgus.

Pronunciation

Verb

fag m (pluralfags)

  1. beech (the tree)
    Synonym:faiard

References

Old English

Adjective

fāg

  1. alternative form offāh

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing fromAncient Greekφάγος(phágos).

Pronunciation

Noun

fag m animal

  1. phage,bacteriophage(virus that infects bacteria)
    Synonym:bakteriofag

Declension

Declension offag
singularplural
nominativefagfagi
genitivefagafagów
dativefagowifagom
accusativefagafagi
instrumentalfagiemfagami
locativefagufagach
vocativefagufagi

Further reading

  • fag in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

fag

Etymology 1

Inherited fromLatinfāgus, fromProto-Italic*fāgos, fromProto-Indo-European*bʰeh₂ǵos(“beech tree”).

Noun

fag m (pluralfagi)

  1. beech (tree of genusFagus)
Declension
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativefagfagulfagifagii
genitive-dativefagfaguluifagifagilor
vocativefagulefagilor
Related terms

Etymology 2

Inherited fromLatinfavus, fromProto-Indo-European*bʰōw-(“to swell, grow, thrive, be, live, dwell”).

Noun

fag n (pluralfaguri)

  1. (archaic)honeycomb
    Synonym:fagure

Welsh

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

fag

  1. soft mutation ofbag

Mutation

Mutated forms ofbag
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
bagfagmagunchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

fag

  1. soft mutation ofmag

Mutation

Mutated forms ofmag
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
magfagunchangedunchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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