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extinguish

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinextinguo(“to put out (what is burning), quench, extinguish, deprive of life, destroy, abolish”), fromex(“out”) +stinguere(“to put out, quench, extinguish”).Doublet ofextinct.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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extinguish (third-person singular simple presentextinguishes,present participleextinguishing,simple past and past participleextinguished)

  1. (transitive)
    1. Tostop (fire, etc.) fromburning; also, to stop (light, etc.) fromshining; toput out, toquench.
      Synonyms:douse,(obsolete)extinct
    2. (figurative) Toeclipse orobscure (someone or something).
      A beauty thatextinguishes all others by comparison
      The rays of the sun wereextinguished by the thunder clouds.
    3. (figurative) Tokill (someone).
      Synonym:(obsolete)extinct
    4. (figurative) Toput an end to (something)completely; toannihilate, todestroy.
      Synonyms:(obsolete)extinct;see alsoThesaurus:destroy
      Sheextinguished all my hopes.
      They intended toextinguish the enemy by force of numbers
      1. (psychology) Tobring about theextinction of (aconditioned reflex).
        Many patients canextinguish their phobias after a few months of treatment.
    5. (figurative) Tosuppress (something, asfeelings, aperson'sspirit, astate of affairs, etc.); to quench.
      Synonym:(obsolete)extinct
    6. (figurative, chiefly law) Toabolish ormakevoid (alaw, alegalright, etc.); also, tocancel (acreditor'sclaim, alicence, etc.).
      Synonym:(obsolete)extinct
      • 1668 December 19,James Dalrymple, “Mr. Alexander Seatoncontra Menzies” inThe Deciſions of the Lords of Council & Seſſion I (Edinburgh, 1683),page 575:
        The Pupil after his Pupillarity, had granted a Diſcharge to one of the Co-tutors, which didextinguiſh the whole Debt of that Co-tutor, and conſequently of all the reſt, they being allcorrei debendi, lyable by one individual Obligation, which cannot be Diſcharged as to one, and ſtand as to all the reſt.
      • 2024 May 11, Barney Jopson, “Catalonia separatist deal tested at ballot box”, inFT Weekend, page 2:
        If the amnesty becomes law as expected this month or in June, it promises toextinguish the charges Puigdemont faces of disobedience and misuse of public funds.
  2. (intransitive, reflexive) Todie out.

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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to stop (fire, etc.) from burning; to stop (light, etc.) from shining—see alsoput out,‎quench
to eclipse or obscure (someone or something)—see alsoeclipse,‎obscure
to kill (someone)—seekill
to put an end to (something) completely—see alsoannihilate,‎destroy
to bring about the extinction of (a conditioned reflex)
to suppress (something, as feelings, a person’s spirit, a state of affairs, etc.)—seesuppress
to abolish or make void (a law, a legal right, etc.); to cancel (a creditor’s claim, a licence, etc.)—seeabolish,‎cancel,‎void
to die out—seedie out
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Further reading

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