Movatterモバイル変換

J. B. Martin; M. McKane Mauldrin (2004),A dictionary of Creek/Muscogee, University of Nebraska Press,→ISBN, page33
J. B. Martin (2011),A grammar of Creek (Muscogee), University of Nebraska Press,→ISBN, page30

Elfdalian

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Noun

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este

indefinite dative singular ofest

Finnish

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Etymology

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estää(“to prevent, obstruct”) +‎-e

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈesteˣ/,[ˈe̞s̠te̞(ʔ)]
Rhymes:-este
Syllabification^(key):es‧te
Hyphenation^(key):es‧te

Noun

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este

obstacle,barrier,hindrance,obstruction,impediment
avioliitoneste ―impediment to marriage
(law)impediment,bar,excuse
päteväeste ―validimpediment
(athletics)hurdle

Declension

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Inflection ofeste (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative		este	esteet
genitive		esteen	esteiden esteitten
partitive		estettä	esteitä
illative		esteeseen	esteisiin esteihin
		singular	plural
nominative		este	esteet
accusative	nom.	este	esteet
accusative	gen.	esteen	esteet
genitive		esteen	esteiden esteitten
partitive		estettä	esteitä
inessive		esteessä	esteissä
elative		esteestä	esteistä
illative		esteeseen	esteisiin esteihin
adessive		esteellä	esteillä
ablative		esteeltä	esteiltä
allative		esteelle	esteille
essive		esteenä	esteinä
translative		esteeksi	esteiksi
abessive		esteettä	esteittä
instructive		—	estein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms ofeste(Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		esteeni	esteeni
accusative	nom.	esteeni	esteeni
accusative	gen.	esteeni	esteeni
genitive		esteeni	esteideni esteitteni
partitive		estettäni	esteitäni
inessive		esteessäni	esteissäni
elative		esteestäni	esteistäni
illative		esteeseeni	esteisiini esteihini
adessive		esteelläni	esteilläni
ablative		esteeltäni	esteiltäni
allative		esteelleni	esteilleni
essive		esteenäni	esteinäni
translative		esteekseni	esteikseni
abessive		esteettäni	esteittäni
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	esteineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		esteesi	esteesi
accusative	nom.	esteesi	esteesi
accusative	gen.	esteesi	esteesi
genitive		esteesi	esteidesi esteittesi
partitive		estettäsi	esteitäsi
inessive		esteessäsi	esteissäsi
elative		esteestäsi	esteistäsi
illative		esteeseesi	esteisiisi esteihisi
adessive		esteelläsi	esteilläsi
ablative		esteeltäsi	esteiltäsi
allative		esteellesi	esteillesi
essive		esteenäsi	esteinäsi
translative		esteeksesi	esteiksesi
abessive		esteettäsi	esteittäsi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	esteinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		esteemme	esteemme
accusative	nom.	esteemme	esteemme
accusative	gen.	esteemme	esteemme
genitive		esteemme	esteidemme esteittemme
partitive		estettämme	esteitämme
inessive		esteessämme	esteissämme
elative		esteestämme	esteistämme
illative		esteeseemme	esteisiimme esteihimme
adessive		esteellämme	esteillämme
ablative		esteeltämme	esteiltämme
allative		esteellemme	esteillemme
essive		esteenämme	esteinämme
translative		esteeksemme	esteiksemme
abessive		esteettämme	esteittämme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	esteinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		esteenne	esteenne
accusative	nom.	esteenne	esteenne
accusative	gen.	esteenne	esteenne
genitive		esteenne	esteidenne esteittenne
partitive		estettänne	esteitänne
inessive		esteessänne	esteissänne
elative		esteestänne	esteistänne
illative		esteeseenne	esteisiinne esteihinne
adessive		esteellänne	esteillänne
ablative		esteeltänne	esteiltänne
allative		esteellenne	esteillenne
essive		esteenänne	esteinänne
translative		esteeksenne	esteiksenne
abessive		esteettänne	esteittänne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	esteinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		esteensä	esteensä
accusative	nom.	esteensä	esteensä
accusative	gen.	esteensä	esteensä
genitive		esteensä	esteidensä esteittensä
partitive		estettään estettänsä	esteitään esteitänsä
inessive		esteessään esteessänsä	esteissään esteissänsä
elative		esteestään esteestänsä	esteistään esteistänsä
illative		esteeseensä	esteisiinsä esteihinsä
adessive		esteellään esteellänsä	esteillään esteillänsä
ablative		esteeltään esteeltänsä	esteiltään esteiltänsä
allative		esteelleen esteellensä	esteilleen esteillensä
essive		esteenään esteenänsä	esteinään esteinänsä
translative		esteekseen esteeksensä	esteikseen esteiksensä
abessive		esteettään esteettänsä	esteittään esteittänsä
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	esteineen esteinensä

Derived terms

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adjectives

compounds

Related terms

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Descendants

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→ Karelian:
- North Karelian:ešte

Anagrams

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Seet,seet,tees

Galician

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IPA^(key): [ˈestɪ]
Rhymes:-estɪ,-este
Hyphenation:es‧te

Determiner

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este m (feminine singularesta,masculine pluralestes,feminine pluralestas,neuteristo)

this
Este libro é meu ―This book is mine

References

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“este”, inDicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña:Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González;Granja, María Álvarez de la;Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “este”, inDicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “este”, inDicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “este”, inTesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega,→ISSN

Hungarian

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Alternative forms

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estve(folksy, archaic)

Etymology

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The adverb sense is from the formerest(“evening”) +‎-vel(“with”) (a derivation similar toreggel ortavasszal). First the final-l wore off and the adverbestve(“in the evening”) was used for a long time^[1] (still in use today in dialects), later the-v was dropped. The noun sense became independent from the compound wordnapeste(“sunset”, literally“the fall of the sun”). The nounest is from thees- stem of the verbesik(“to fall”) +‎-t(noun-forming suffix). Thees- stem is fromProto-Uralic*ećɜ-(“to fall”).^[2]^[3]

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ˈɛʃtɛ]
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation:es‧te
Rhymes:-tɛ

Adverb

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este (notcomparable)

in theevening(from approximately 6 p.m. until going to bed; depends on working hours, daylight length, etc.)

Usage notes

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Adverbs of temporal nouns (see also:Appendix:Hungarian words of time)
no suffix(the noun can act as an adverb)	nappal(“daytime”),reggel(“early morning”),délelőtt(“late morning”),délután(“afternoon”),este(“evening”),éjjel / éjszaka(“night”), andvasárnap(“Sunday”)
-kor(“at”)	pirkadat /virradat(“dawn”),napkelte(“sunrise”),napnyugta(“sunset”),alkonyat(“dusk”),szürkület(“twilight”),éjfél(“midnight”), hours and minutes, and the names of holidays (húsvét(“Easter”) etc.)
-ban/-ben(“in”)	dél(“noon”),hajnal(“daybreak”), names of months (január–december) andhónap(“month”),évszak(“season”),év(“year”) and specific years,évtized(“decade”) and longer periods
-n/-on/-en/-ön(“on”)	days of the week (hétfő–szombat) except Sunday, days of the month (elseje(“1st”),másodika(“2nd”) etc.),nap(“day”),hét(“week”),nyár(“summer”), andtél(“winter”)
-val/-vel(“with”,assimilated:-szal/-szel)	tavasz(“spring”),ősz(“autumn, fall”)

Noun

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este (pluralesték)

evening
Synonym:(currently used in a narrower sense)est

Declension

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For the terminative,estig is the most common form.

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	este	esték
accusative	estét	estéket
dative	estének	estéknek
instrumental	estével	estékkel
causal-final	estéért	estékért
translative	estévé	estékké
terminative	estéig	estékig
essive-formal	esteként	estékként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	estében	estékben
superessive	estén	estéken
adessive	esténél	estéknél
illative	estébe	estékbe
sublative	estére	estékre
allative	estéhez	estékhez
elative	estéből	estékből
delative	estéről	estékről
ablative	estétől	estéktől
non-attributive possessive – singular	estéé	estéké
non-attributive possessive – plural	estééi	estékéi

Possessive forms ofeste
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	estém	estéim
2nd person sing.	estéd	estéid
3rd person sing.	estéje	estéi
1st person plural	esténk	estéink
2nd person plural	estétek	estéitek
3rd person plural	estéjük	estéik

Derived terms

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Compound words

Expressions

Noun

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este

thefall(of someone or something)
Synonyms:esése,dőlése
(poetic) thedownfall(of someone or something)

Declension

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It most commonly occurs today in the formestében(“as he/she/it falls/fell”).

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	este	—
accusative	estét	—
dative	estének	—
instrumental	estével	—
causal-final	estéért	—
translative	estévé	—
terminative	estéig	—
essive-formal	esteként	—
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	estében	—
superessive	estén	—
adessive	esténél	—
illative	estébe	—
sublative	estére	—
allative	estéhez	—
elative	estéből	—
delative	estéről	—
ablative	estétől	—
non-attributive possessive – singular	estéé	—
non-attributive possessive – plural	estééi	—

Possessive forms ofeste
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	estem	—
2nd person sing.	ested	—
3rd person sing.	este	—
1st person plural	estünk	—
2nd person plural	estetek	—
3rd person plural	estük	—

References

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^CompareAz estve (’The Evening’) byMihály Csokonai (1794), with English translation
^este in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.).Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006,→ISBN. (See alsoits 2nd edition.)
^est inTótfalusi, István.Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár→ISBN

Italian

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈɛs.te/
Rhymes:-ɛste
Hyphenation:è‧ste

Verb

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este(Old Italian)

alternative form ofè(“[he/she/it]is”),third-person singular present indicative ofessere
- 1265 August 11, Rainerio Scorcialupi,Trattato di pace fra i pisani e l'emiro di Tunisi [Peace treaty between the Pisan and the emir of Tunis]‎^[2], Prologus pacis; collected inErnesto Monaci, editor,Crestomazia italiana dei primi secoli, con prospetto delle inflessioni grammaticali e glossario, volume 1, Città di Castello: S. Lapi,1889, page166:
  […]questa pace, la qualeeste fermata per lo comandamento altissimo[…]
  […] this peace, whichis signed by highest command […]

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈes.te/
Rhymes:-este
Hyphenation:é‧ste

Determiner

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este

feminine plural ofesto

Latin

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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(Classical Latin)IPA^(key): [ˈɛs.tɛ]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): [ˈɛs.te]

Verb

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este

second-person plural present active imperative ofsum

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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(Classical Latin)IPA^(key): [ˈeːs.tɛ]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): [ˈɛs.te]

Verb

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ēste

second-person plural present active imperative ofedō

Participle

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ēste

vocative masculine singular ofēstus

Livvi

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)CompareFinnisheste.

Noun

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este (genitiveestien,partitiveestettu)

obstacle

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Englishēst, fromProto-West Germanic*ansti, fromProto-Germanic*anstiz.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈɛːst(ə)/,/ˈeːst(ə)/

Noun

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este (pluralestes oresten)

Descendants

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English:est,este(obsolete)

References

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“ēste,n.”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007, retrieved 29-03-2018.

Adjective

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este

good,pleasant

References

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“ēste,adj.”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007, retrieved 29-03-2018.

Etymology 2

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Noun

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este

alternative form ofheste(“directive”)

Mirandese

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Etymology

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FromLatiniste.

Pronoun

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este m (feminineesta,masculine pluralestes,feminine pluralestas)

this

Synonyms

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aqueste

Mirandesedemonstratives (edit)
	Pronouns	Adverbs
Singular	Plural	Neuter
Masculine	Feminine	Masculine	Feminine
Proximal	X	este,aqueste	esta,aquesta	estes,aquestes	estas,aquestas	esto, isto,aquesto, aquisto	eiqui,acá
de + X	deste,daqueste	desta,daquesta	destes,daquestes	destas,daquestas	desto, disto,daquesto, daquisto	deiqui
an + X	neste,naqueste	nesta,naquesta	nestes,naquestes	nestas,naquestas	nesto, nisto,naquesto, naquisto	—
Medial	X	esse,aquesse	essa,aquessa	esses,aquesses	essas,aquessas	esso, isso,aquesso, aquisso	alhi,eilhi
de + X	desse,daquesse	dessa,daquessa	desses,daquesses	dessas,daquessas	desso, disso,daquesso, daquisso	dalhi,deilhi
an + X	nesse,naquesse	nessa,naquessa	nesses,naquesses	nessas,naquessas	nesso, nisso,naquesso, naquisso	—
Distal	X	aquel	aqueilha	aqueilhes	aqueilhas	aqueilho,aquilho	alhi,alhá
de + X	daquel	daqueilha	daqueilhes	daqueilhas	daqueilho,daquilho	dalhi,dalhá
an + X	naquel	naqueilha	naqueilhes	naqueilhas	naqueilho,naquilho	—

Old English

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈeːs.te/

Noun

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ēste

inflection ofēst:

Portuguese

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Galician-Portugueseeste (displacing collateral formaqueste), fromLatiniste.

Alternative forms

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êste(pre-reform spelling)

Pronunciation

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(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈes.t͡ʃi/

(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈes.t͡ʃi/
- (Rio de Janeiro)IPA^(key): /ˈeʃ.t͡ʃi/
- (Southern Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈes.te/

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /ˈeʃ.tɨ/

(Northeast Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈeʃ.tɪ/
Audio(São Paulo): (file)
Hyphenation:es‧te

Determiner

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este (feminineesta,masculine pluralestes,feminine pluralestas)

this(indicates something or someone nearby)
that(indicates something or someone just mentioned)
this(indicates something or someone about to be mentioned)
(of a unit of time)this(which is current)
- 2005,J. K. Rowling, translated byLia Wyler,Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco,→ISBN, page127:
  A segurança está cem vezes mais rigorosaeste verão.
  The security is a hundred times more severethis summer.

Pronoun

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este (feminineesta,masculine pluralestes,feminine pluralestas,neuteristo)(definite demonstrative pronoun)

this one(indicates something or someone nearby)
this one(indicates something or someone about to be mentioned)
(of a unit of time)this(which is current)

Quotations

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For quotations using this term, seeCitations:este.

Portuguesedemonstratives
	pronouns	adverbs
	singular	plural	neuter
masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
proximal	X	este	esta	estes	estas	isto	aqui,cá
de + X	deste	desta	destes	destas	disto	daqui
em + X	neste	nesta	nestes	nestas	nisto	—
medial	X	esse	essa	esses	essas	isso	aí
de + X	desse	dessa	desses	dessas	disso	daí
em + X	nesse	nessa	nesses	nessas	nisso	—
distal	X	aquele	aquela	aqueles	aquelas	aquilo	ali,lá,acolá
de + X	daquele	daquela	daqueles	daquelas	daquilo	dali,dacolá
em + X	naquele	naquela	naqueles	naquelas	naquilo	—
a + X	àquele	àquela	àqueles	àquelas	àquilo
anaphoric	X	o	a	os	as	—	—
de + X	do	da	dos	das
em + X	no	na	nos	nas
a + X	ao	à	aos	às

References

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Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromFrenchest,^[1]^[2] fromOld Englishēast, fromProto-Germanic*austrą(“east”), fromProto-Indo-European*aus-(“eastern”).

Pronunciation

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(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈɛs.t͡ʃi/

(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈɛs.t͡ʃi/
- (Rio de Janeiro)IPA^(key): /ˈɛʃ.t͡ʃi/
- (Southern Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈɛs.te/

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /ˈɛʃ.tɨ/

Hyphenation:es‧te

Noun

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este m (uncountable)

east(one of the four principal compass points)
Synonyms:leste,nascente,oriente

Quotations

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For quotations using this term, seeCitations:este.

Coordinate terms

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compass points:pontos cardeais:^[edit]

noroeste	norte	nordeste
oeste poente ocidente		leste este nascente oriente
sudoeste	sul	sudeste

Adjective

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este m or f (pluralestes)

eastern(of, situated in, or coming from the east)

Quotations

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For quotations using this term, seeCitations:este.

Synonyms

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eoo(archaic),leste,oriental

Romanian

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Alternative forms

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есте(Post-1930s (Moldavian) Cyrillic spelling)

Etymology

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FromLatinest with an epenthetic vowel, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*h₁ésti. Its similarity to Serbo-Croatianjeste is partially a coincidence.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈjes.te/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-este
Hyphenation:es‧te

Verb

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este

third-person singular present indicative offi: he/sheis
Eaesteo femeie foarte frumoasă.
Sheis a very beautiful woman.

Synonyms

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Spanish

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SpanishWikipedia has an article on:

este (disambiguation)

Wikipedia^es

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈeste/[ˈes.t̪e]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-este
Syllabification:es‧te

Etymology 1

[edit]

Inherited fromLatiniste.

Determiner

[edit]

este m sg (feminineesta,masculine pluralestos,feminine pluralestas)

this

Pronoun

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este m sg (demonstrative,feminineesta,neuteresto,feminine pluralestas,masculine pluralestos,neuter pluralestos)

alternative spelling oféste

Usage notes

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The unaccented form can function as a pronoun if it can be unambiguously deduced as such from context.

Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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Spanish personal pronouns
	Nominative	Disjunctive	Dative	Accusative	Comitative
First-person	Singular	yo	mí	me	conmigo
Plural	Masculine¹	nosotros	nos	—
Feminine	nosotras
Second-person	Singular	Tuteo	tú	ti	te	contigo
Voseo	vos	—
Formal²	Masculine¹	usted	le,se³	lo
Feminine	la
Plural	Familiar⁴	Masculine¹	vosotros	os
Feminine	vosotras
Formal/general²	Masculine¹	ustedes	les,se³	los
Feminine	las
Third-person	Singular	Masculine¹	él	le,se³	lo
Feminine	ella	la
Neuter	ello⁵	lo
Plural	Masculine¹	ellos	les,se³	los
Feminine	ellas	las
Reflexive	—	sí	se	consigo

Interjection

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este

uh,well(space filler in a conversation)

Etymology 2

[edit]

SpanishWikipedia has an article on:

este

Wikipedia^es

Borrowed fromFrenchest, fromOld Englishēast, fromProto-Germanic*austrą(“east”), fromProto-Indo-European*aus-(“eastern”), therefore related toEnglisheast andSpanishAustria.

Noun

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este m (uncountable)

east
Synonym:oriente
Antonyms:oeste,occidente

Coordinate terms

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compass points:puntos cardinales:^[edit]

noroeste	norte	noreste
oeste		este
suroeste	sur	sureste

Anagrams

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tese

Tagalog

[edit]

Pronunciation

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(Standard Tagalog)IPA^(key): /ˈʔeste/[ˈʔɛs.t̪ɛ]
Rhymes:-este
Syllabification:es‧te

Etymology 1

[edit]

Borrowed fromSpanisheste(“uh;um”,interjection/filler).

Particle

[edit]

este (Baybayin spellingᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)

I mean
Pupunta ako sa panaderya,este, restawran.
I am going to the bakery,I mean, the restaurant.

Derived terms

[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

Borrowed fromSpanisheste(“east”).

Noun

[edit]

este (Baybayin spellingᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)

(uncommon)east(compass point)
Synonyms:silangan,oryente
- 1985, Francisco Soc Rodrigo,Mga tula at tilamsik ng diwa:
  At, sa angkan naman ng ating First Lady, si Kokoy, na siyang governor ng Leyte, Ay embahador pa sa lahat ng parte - Saeste't oeste, sa sur at sa norte!
  (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)