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eccentric

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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WOTD – 8 July 2006

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Frenchexcentrique, fromMedieval Latineccentricus, fromAncient Greekἔκκεντρος(ékkentros,not having the earth as the center of an orbit), fromἐκ(ek,out) +κέντρον(kéntron,point). Equivalent toex- +‎-centric.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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eccentric (comparativemoreeccentric,superlativemosteccentric)

The orbit ofHalley's Comet (denoted by the grey curve) is highly eccentric (sense 2).
  1. Not at or in thecentre; away from the centre.
    • 2011, Michael Laver, Ernest Sergenti.,Party Competition: An Agent-Based Model,page125:
      Strikingly, we see that party births tend systematically to be at policy positions that are significantly moreeccentric than those of surviving parties, whatever decision rule these parties use.
  2. Notperfectlycircular;elliptical.
    As of 2008, Margaret had the mosteccentric orbit of any moon in the solar system, though Nereid's mean eccentricity is greater.
  3. Having a different center; notconcentric.
  4. (of a person) Deviating from thenorm; behaving unexpectedly or differently;unconventional and slightlystrange.
    • 1801, Author not named,Fyfield (John), entry inEccentric Biography; Or, Sketches of Remarkable Characters, Ancient and Modern,page 127,
      He was a man of a mosteccentric turn of mind, and great singularity of conduct.
    • 1807, G. H. Wilson, editor,TheEccentric Mirror, volume 3,page17:
      Such is not the case with Mr. Martin Van Butchell, one of the mosteccentric characters to be found in the British metropolis, and a gentleman of indisputable science and abilities, but whose strange humors and extraordinary habits, have rather tended to obscure than to display the talents he possessed.
    • 1902, William James, “Lecture I”, inThe Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature [] , New York, N.Y.; London:Longmans, Green, and Co. [],→OCLC:
      There can be no doubt that as a matter of fact a religious life, exclusively pursued, does tend to make the person exceptional andeccentric.
    • 1956,Arthur C. Clarke,The City and the Stars, published2012,unnumbered page:
      Khedron was the only other person in the city who could be calledeccentric—and even his eccentricity had been planned by the designers of Diaspar.
  5. (physiology, of a motion) Against or in the opposite direction of contraction of a muscle (such as results from flexion of the lower arm (bending of the elbow joint) by an external force while contracting the triceps and other elbow extensor muscles to control that movement; opening of the jaw while flexing the masseter).
  6. Having different goals or motives.
    • a.1626,Francis Bacon,1867, Richard Whately (analysis and notes), James R. Boyd (editor),Essay XI: Wisdom for a Man's Self,Lord Bacon's Essays,page 171,
      [] for whatsoever affairs pass such a man's hands he crooketh them to his own ends, which must needs be ofteneccentric to those of his master or state: []
  7. (mycology) Having or being anoospore with a single large oil globule on one side that displaces much of theooplasm and forces theooplasts to one side.
    Coordinate terms:centric,subcentric,subeccentric
    • 2014, Nicky B. Buller,Bacteria and Fungi From Fish and Other Aquatic Animals: A Practical Identification Manual, 2nd edition, Boston, M.A.: CABI,→ISBN,page687:
      Oospores may be centric, subcentric, subeccentric oreccentric. Antheridial branches may or may not be present, and are androgynous, monoclinous, diclinous or hypogynous.

Usage notes

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Synonyms

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Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) ofagainst the contraction of a muscle):concentric

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Descendants

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Translations

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not at or in the centre
not perfectly circular
having a different center
deviating from the norm
(physiology, of a motion) against or in the opposite direction of contraction of a muscle

Noun

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eccentric (pluraleccentrics)

  1. One who does notbehave like others.
    • 1989, Jeffrey Robinson,Rainier and Grace, page26:
      A tiny, feisty woman who always spoke her mind, Charlotte was aneccentric in the wonderful way that some women from the last century were naturaleccentrics.
    • 1998, Michael Gross,Life On The Edge, published2001,page ix:
      Eccentrics live longer, happier, and healthier lives than conformist normal citizens, according to the neuropsychologist David Weeks.
  2. (slang) Akook; a person of bizarre habits or beliefs.
  3. (geometry, astronomy) Acircle not having the same centre as another.
  4. (engineering) Adisk orwheel with itsaxis off centre, giving areciprocatingmotion.
    • 1840, Dionysius Lardner,The Steam Engine Explained and Illustrated[1], page379:
      The position of theeccentrics which is necessary to make the pistons drive the engine forward must be directly the reverse of that which would cause them to drive the engine backwards. To be able, therefore, to reverse the motion of the engine, it would only be necessary to be able to reverse the position of theeccentrics, which may be accomplished by either of two expedients.
    • 1994, James M. Lattis,Between Copernicus and Galileo: Christoph Clavius and the Collapse of Ptolemaic Cosmology[2], page116:
      Clavius goes on to use the large number of orbs in Fracostoro's theory as another reason to prefer the Ptolemaic system, then couples this issue with that of the relative capacity of the theories to save the phenomena, then finally reiterates the lack (as he sees it) of conflict between the Aristotelian natural philosophy and theeccentrics and epicycles of mathematical astronomy.
    • 2007, George Saliba,Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance[3], page120:
      The discussion that revolved around the admissibility ofeccentrics and epicycles lied[sic] at the core of this theoretical discussion, and those who would not allow such concepts took the position that sucheccentrics and epicycles would then introduce a center of heaviness, other than the Earth, around which celestial simple objects would then move.
  5. (physiology) An exercise that goes against or in the opposite direction of contraction of a muscle.
    • 2021, Edward L. Wallace,Omniflex: A Unified System of Strength Training:
      Research tells us thateccentrics, heavy partials, and static exercise may require several days or weeks of recovery time.

Synonyms

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Translations

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person who does not behave like others
off-centre wheel

See also

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