FromMiddle Englishdressure,dressor,dressour, a borrowing fromOld Frenchdrecëur,drecëure, from the verbdresser.
dresser (pluraldressers)
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FromMiddle Englishdresser, equivalent todress +-er.
dresser (pluraldressers)
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Inherited fromOld Frenchdrecer,drecier, fromVulgar Latin*dīrēctiāre (through a contracted form*drēctiāre), fromLatindīrēctus(“straight”), whence the adjectivedirect. CompareCatalandreçar,Italiandrizzare,Sicilianaddizzari,Spanishaderezar,Normandréchi,Friuliandreçâ.
dresser
| infinitive | simple | dresser | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | dressant /dʁɛ.sɑ̃/ or/dʁe.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | dressé /dʁɛ.se/ or/dʁe.se/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | dresse /dʁɛs/ | dresses /dʁɛs/ | dresse /dʁɛs/ | dressons /dʁɛ.sɔ̃/ or/dʁe.sɔ̃/ | dressez /dʁɛ.se/ or/dʁe.se/ | dressent /dʁɛs/ |
| imperfect | dressais /dʁɛ.sɛ/ or/dʁe.sɛ/ | dressais /dʁɛ.sɛ/ or/dʁe.sɛ/ | dressait /dʁɛ.sɛ/ or/dʁe.sɛ/ | dressions /dʁɛ.sjɔ̃/ or/dʁe.sjɔ̃/ | dressiez /dʁɛ.sje/ or/dʁe.sje/ | dressaient /dʁɛ.sɛ/ or/dʁe.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | dressai /dʁɛ.se/ or/dʁe.se/ | dressas /dʁɛ.sa/ or/dʁe.sa/ | dressa /dʁɛ.sa/ or/dʁe.sa/ | dressâmes /dʁɛ.sam/ or/dʁe.sam/ | dressâtes /dʁɛ.sat/ or/dʁe.sat/ | dressèrent /dʁɛ.sɛʁ/ or/dʁe.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | dresserai /dʁɛ.sʁe/ or/dʁe.sʁe/ | dresseras /dʁɛ.sʁa/ or/dʁe.sʁa/ | dressera /dʁɛ.sʁa/ or/dʁe.sʁa/ | dresserons /dʁɛ.sʁɔ̃/ or/dʁe.sʁɔ̃/ | dresserez /dʁɛ.sʁe/ or/dʁe.sʁe/ | dresseront /dʁɛ.sʁɔ̃/ or/dʁe.sʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | dresserais /dʁɛ.sʁɛ/ or/dʁe.sʁɛ/ | dresserais /dʁɛ.sʁɛ/ or/dʁe.sʁɛ/ | dresserait /dʁɛ.sʁɛ/ or/dʁe.sʁɛ/ | dresserions /dʁɛ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ or/dʁe.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ | dresseriez /dʁɛ.sə.ʁje/ or/dʁe.sə.ʁje/ | dresseraient /dʁɛ.sʁɛ/ or/dʁe.sʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | dresse /dʁɛs/ | dresses /dʁɛs/ | dresse /dʁɛs/ | dressions /dʁɛ.sjɔ̃/ or/dʁe.sjɔ̃/ | dressiez /dʁɛ.sje/ or/dʁe.sje/ | dressent /dʁɛs/ |
| imperfect2 | dressasse /dʁɛ.sas/ or/dʁe.sas/ | dressasses /dʁɛ.sas/ or/dʁe.sas/ | dressât /dʁɛ.sa/ or/dʁe.sa/ | dressassions /dʁɛ.sa.sjɔ̃/ or/dʁe.sa.sjɔ̃/ | dressassiez /dʁɛ.sa.sje/ or/dʁe.sa.sje/ | dressassent /dʁɛ.sas/ or/dʁe.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | dresse /dʁɛs/ | — | dressons /dʁɛ.sɔ̃/ or/dʁe.sɔ̃/ | dressez /dʁɛ.se/ or/dʁe.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
| infinitive | simple | se dresser | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | s'être + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | sedressant /sə dʁɛ.sɑ̃/ or/sə dʁe.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayantorétant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | dressé /dʁɛ.se/ or/dʁe.se/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | medresse /mə dʁɛs/ | tedresses /tə dʁɛs/ | sedresse /sə dʁɛs/ | nousdressons /nu dʁɛ.sɔ̃/ or/nu dʁe.sɔ̃/ | vousdressez /vu dʁɛ.se/ or/vu dʁe.se/ | sedressent /sə dʁɛs/ |
| imperfect | medressais /mə dʁɛ.sɛ/ or/mə dʁe.sɛ/ | tedressais /tə dʁɛ.sɛ/ or/tə dʁe.sɛ/ | sedressait /sə dʁɛ.sɛ/ or/sə dʁe.sɛ/ | nousdressions /nu dʁɛ.sjɔ̃/ or/nu dʁe.sjɔ̃/ | vousdressiez /vu dʁɛ.sje/ or/vu dʁe.sje/ | sedressaient /sə dʁɛ.sɛ/ or/sə dʁe.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | medressai /mə dʁɛ.se/ or/mə dʁe.se/ | tedressas /tə dʁɛ.sa/ or/tə dʁe.sa/ | sedressa /sə dʁɛ.sa/ or/sə dʁe.sa/ | nousdressâmes /nu dʁɛ.sam/ or/nu dʁe.sam/ | vousdressâtes /vu dʁɛ.sat/ or/vu dʁe.sat/ | sedressèrent /sə dʁɛ.sɛʁ/ or/sə dʁe.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | medresserai /mə dʁɛ.sʁe/ or/mə dʁe.sʁe/ | tedresseras /tə dʁɛ.sʁa/ or/tə dʁe.sʁa/ | sedressera /sə dʁɛ.sʁa/ or/sə dʁe.sʁa/ | nousdresserons /nu dʁɛ.sʁɔ̃/ or/nu dʁe.sʁɔ̃/ | vousdresserez /vu dʁɛ.sʁe/ or/vu dʁe.sʁe/ | sedresseront /sə dʁɛ.sʁɔ̃/ or/sə dʁe.sʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | medresserais /mə dʁɛ.sʁɛ/ or/mə dʁe.sʁɛ/ | tedresserais /tə dʁɛ.sʁɛ/ or/tə dʁe.sʁɛ/ | sedresserait /sə dʁɛ.sʁɛ/ or/sə dʁe.sʁɛ/ | nousdresserions /nu dʁɛ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ or/nu dʁe.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ | vousdresseriez /vu dʁɛ.sə.ʁje/ or/vu dʁe.sə.ʁje/ | sedresseraient /sə dʁɛ.sʁɛ/ or/sə dʁe.sʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofs'être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | medresse /mə dʁɛs/ | tedresses /tə dʁɛs/ | sedresse /sə dʁɛs/ | nousdressions /nu dʁɛ.sjɔ̃/ or/nu dʁe.sjɔ̃/ | vousdressiez /vu dʁɛ.sje/ or/vu dʁe.sje/ | sedressent /sə dʁɛs/ |
| imperfect2 | medressasse /mə dʁɛ.sas/ or/mə dʁe.sas/ | tedressasses /tə dʁɛ.sas/ or/tə dʁe.sas/ | sedressât /sə dʁɛ.sa/ or/sə dʁe.sa/ | nousdressassions /nu dʁɛ.sa.sjɔ̃/ or/nu dʁe.sa.sjɔ̃/ | vousdressassiez /vu dʁɛ.sa.sje/ or/vu dʁe.sa.sje/ | sedressassent /sə dʁɛ.sas/ or/sə dʁe.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofs'être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | dresse-toi /dʁɛs.twa/ | — | dressons-nous /dʁɛ.sɔ̃.nu/ or/dʁe.sɔ̃.nu/ | dressez-vous /dʁɛ.se.vu/ or/dʁe.se.vu/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofs'être + past participle | — | simple imperative ofs'être + past participle | simple imperative ofs'être + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
dresser
dresser m
dresser
dresser
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in-er. The forms that would normally end in *-ss, *-sss, *-sst are modified tos,s,st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | dresser | avoirdressé | |||||
| gerund | endressant | gerund ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | dressant | ||||||
| past participle | dressé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | dres | dresses | dresse | dressons | dressez | dressent |
| imperfect | dressoie,dresseie,dressoe,dresseve | dressoies,dresseies,dressoes,dresseves | dressoit,dresseit,dressot,dresseve | dressiiens,dressiens | dressiiez,dressiez | dressoient,dresseient,dressoent,dressevent | |
| preterite | dressai | dressas | dressa | dressames | dressastes | dresserent | |
| future | dresserai | dresseras | dressera | dresserons | dresseroiz,dressereiz,dresserez | dresseront | |
| conditional | dresseroie,dressereie | dresseroies,dressereies | dresseroit,dressereit | dresseriiens,dresseriens | dresseriiez,dresseriez | dresseroient,dressereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | present tense ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | dres | dres | drest | dressons | dressez | dressent |
| imperfect | dressasse | dressasses | dressast | dressissons,dressissiens | dressissoiz,dressissez,dressissiez | dressassent | |
| compound tenses | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | dresse | — | dressons | dressez | — | ||
