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distress

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
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Etymology

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The verb is fromMiddle Englishdistressen, fromOld Frenchdestrecier(to restrain, constrain, put in straits, afflict, distress); compareFrenchdétresse. Ultimately fromMedieval Latin as if*districtiō, an assumed frequentative form ofLatindistringō(to pull asunder, stretch out), fromdis-(apart) +stringō(to draw tight, strain).

The noun is fromMiddle Englishdistresse, fromOld Frenchdestrece, ultimately also fromLatindistringō.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

distress (countable anduncountable,pluraldistresses)

  1. Physical or emotionaldiscomfort,suffering, oralarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
    Synonyms:anguish,torment;see alsoThesaurus:distress
    • 1833, John Trusler, chapter 8, inThe Works of William Hogarth: In a Series of Engravings[1], archived fromthe original on4 November 2011:
      To heighten hisdistress, he is approached by his wife, and bitterly upbraided for his perfidy in concealing from her his former connexions (with that unhappy girl who is here present with her child, the innocent offspring of her amours, fainting at the sight of his misfortunes, being unable to relieve him farther), and plunging her into those difficulties she never shall be able to surmount.
    • 1967,Barbara Sleigh,Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published1993,→ISBN, page122:
      At any other time Jessamy would have laughed at the expressions that chased each other over his freckled face: crossness left over from his struggle with the baby; incredulity;distress; and finally delight.
    • For more quotations using this term, seeCitations:distress.
  2. A cause of such discomfort.
    Synonyms:hardship,sorrow;see alsoThesaurus:woe
  3. Seriousdanger.
    Synonyms:jeopardy,peril;see alsoThesaurus:danger
    • 1719, Daniel Defoe, chapter 13, inRobinson Crusoe[2], archived fromthe original on15 April 2012:
      I immediately considered that this must be some ship indistress, and that they had some comrade, or some other ship in company, and fired these gun for signals ofdistress, and to obtain help.
    • 1759, Voltaire, chapter 42, inCandide[3], archived fromthe original on17 March 2011:
      At length they perceived a little cottage; two persons in the decline of life dwelt in this desert, who were always ready to give every assistance in their power to their fellow-creatures indistress.
    • For more quotations using this term, seeCitations:distress.
  4. (medicine, psychology) Anaversive state of stress to which a person cannot fully adapt.
    Antonym:eustress
  5. (law) A seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt.
  6. (law) The thing taken by distraining; that which is seized to procure satisfaction.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
(cause of) discomfort
serious danger
medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
law: a seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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distress (third-person singular simple presentdistresses,present participledistressing,simple past and past participledistressed)

  1. To causestrain oranxiety to someone.
    Synonyms:anguish,harrow,trouble,vex,torment,tantalize,tantalise,martyr;see alsoThesaurus:vex
    • 1827, Stendhal, chapter 31, inArmance[4], archived fromthe original on26 September 2011:
      She respects me, no doubt, but has no longer any passionate feeling for me, and my death willdistress her without plunging her in despair.
  2. (law) Toretain someone’sproperty against thepayment of adebt; todistrain.
    Synonym:distrain
    • 1894, James Kent with William Hardcastle Browne,Commentaries on American Law, page645:
      This power ofdistress, as anciently used, became as oppressive as the feudal forfeiture. It was as hard for the tenant to be stripped in an instant of all his goods, for arrears of rent, as to be turned out of the possession of his farm.
  3. Totreat a newobject to give it anappearance ofage.
    Synonyms:age,antique,patinate
    a pair ofdistressed jeans
    Shedistressed the new media cabinet so that it fit with the other furniture in the room.
    • 1980, Bill Oddie,Bill Oddie's Little Black Bird Book, page58:
      If you don't want to be considered a dude you shoulddistress your binoculars in the way that antique dealersdistress new paintings to make them look old.

Derived terms

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Translations

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to cause strain or anxiety
to retain someone’s property
to treat to make look old

Further reading

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Anagrams

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