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desire

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:désire,désiré,Désiré,andDesiré

English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishdesir,desire(noun) anddesiren(verb), fromOld Frenchdesirer,desirrer, fromLatindēsīderō(“to long for, desire, feel the want of, miss, regret”), apparently fromde- +sidus (in the phrasede sidere, "from the stars") in connection with astrological hopes. Compareconsider anddesiderate. The verb, along with Old Norse derivedwant(verb), has mostly replaced nativewill in modern English.

Pronunciation

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(Received Pronunciation)enPR:dĭ-zīrʹ,dĭ-zīʹər,IPA^(key): /dɪˈzaɪə/
(General American)enPR:dĭ-zīrʹ,dĭ-zīʹər,dē-zīrʹ,dē-zīʹər,IPA^(key): /dɪˈzaɪɹ/,/dɪˈzaɪɚ/,/diˈzaɪɹ/,/diˈzaɪɚ/
Audio(US): (file)
Audio(Southern England): (file)
Hyphenation:de‧sire
Rhymes:-aɪə(ɹ)

Verb

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desire (third-person singular simple presentdesires,present participledesiring,simple past and past participledesired)

Towant; to wish for earnestly.
Idesire to speak with you.
- 1611,The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […],→OCLC,Exodus 34:24:
  Neither shall any mandesire thy land.
- 1874,Alfred Tennyson, “Lancelot and Elaine”, inIdylls of the King (The Works of Alfred Tennyson; VI), cabinet edition, London: Henry S. King & Co., […],→OCLC,page88:
  [S]eeing youdesire your child to live, / Thanks, but you work against your own desire;[…]
To put arequest to (someone); toentreat.
- 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.],The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany:Peter Schöffer],→OCLC,Acts:
  And when they founde no cause of deeth in hym, yetdesired they Pilate to kyll him.
- 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter III, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC,page15:
  Mr. Barrett, however, by fawning and flattery, seemed to be able to make not only Mrs. Churchill but everyone else do what hedesired.
To wantemotionally orsexually.
She hasdesired him since they first met.
To express a wish for; to entreat; to request.
- 1611,The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […],→OCLC,2 Kings 4:28:
  Then shee said, Did Idesire a sonne of my Lord ? did I not say, Doe not deceiue me?
- c.1603–1606,William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act IV, scene vii]:
  Desire him to go in; trouble him no more.
To require; to demand; to claim.
- c.1580,Edmund Spenser,The Teares of the Muses:
  A doleful casedesires a doleful song.
Tomiss; toregret.
- 1651–1653,Jer[emy] Taylor,ΕΝΙΑΥΤΟΣ[Eniautos]. A Course of Sermons for All the Sundays of the Year. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Richard Royston […], published1655,→OCLC:
  She shall be pleasant while she lives, anddesired when she dies.

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofdesire
	present tense	past tense
infinitive	(to)desire

1st-person singular	desire	desired
2nd-person singular	desire,desirest^†	desired,desiredst^†
3rd-person singular	desires,desireth^†	desired
plural	desire	desired

subjunctive	desire	desired

imperative	desire	—

participles	desiring	desired

^†Archaic orobsolete.

desire—seewant

wish for earnestly

Arabic:رَغِبَ(raḡiba)
Armenian:ցանկանալ (hy)(cʻankanal)
Asturian:desear (ast)
Belarusian:жа́даць impf(žádacʹ)
Bulgarian:жела́я (bg) impf(želája),и́скам (bg) impf(ískam)
Burmese:မက် (my)(mak)
Catalan:desitjar (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin:慾望 /欲望 (zh)(yùwàng)
Czech:toužit (cs),přát si
Danish:ønske (da)
Dutch:wensen (nl),verlangen (nl)
Esperanto:deziri
Finnish:tahtoa (fi),mieliä (fi),haluta (fi)
French:désirer (fr)
Galician:desexar (gl)
German:begehren (de)
Gothic:𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽(gairnjan),𐌻𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌽(lustōn)
Greek:επιθυμώ (el)(epithymó)
Ancient Greek:ἐπιθυμέω(epithuméō)
Hebrew:השתוקק (he)(hishtokék)
Hindi:इच्छा (hi)(icchā),चाह (hi)(cāh),कामना (hi)(kāmnā),अभिलाषा (hi)(abhilāṣā)
Hungarian:kíván (hu),óhajt (hu),vágyik (hu)
Ido:dezirar (io)
Indonesian:hasrat (id)
Interlingua:desirar
Irish:
Old Irish:ad·cobra
Japanese:望む (ja)(のぞむ, nozomu),願う (ja)(ねがう, negau),欲する (ja)(ほっする, hossuru),希望する
Kannada:ಬಯಕೆ (kn)(bayake),ಹಂಬಲ (kn)(hambala)
Korean:바라다 (ko)(barada),원하다 (ko)(wonhada),원하다 (ko)(wonhada)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish:نیاز(nyaz)
Lao:ຕ້ອງການ(tǭng kān)
Latgalian:gribēt,gaideit
Latin:cupiō,dēsīderō
Latvian:vēlēties (lv)
Lithuanian:trokšti,pageidauti
Macedonian:посакува(posakuva),посака(posaka)
Malayalam:ആഗ്രഹിക്കുക (ml)(āgrahikkuka)
Manx:mian,wooish,fooill,imnee
Māori:minaka
Marathi:इच्छा (mr) n(icchā)
Mongolian:хүсэх (mn)(xüsex)
Occitan:desirar (oc)
Persian:خواستن (fa)(xâstan),آرزو کردن (fa)(ârezu kardan)
Polish:pragnąć (pl),pożądać (pl)
Portuguese:desejar (pt)
Romanian:dori (ro)
Russian:жела́ть (ru) impf(želátʹ)
Sanskrit:गृध्यति (sa)(gṛdhyati),लषति (sa)(laṣati)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic:жѐлети,жѐљети,жудети,жудјети
Latin:žèleti,žèljeti (sh),žudeti (sh),žudjeti (sh)
Slovak:túžiť,žiadať,želať si,priať si
Slovene:želeti (sl) impf
Spanish:desear (es)
Swahili:kutamani (sw)
Swedish:önska (sv),begära (sv),eftertrakta (sv),längta (sv)
Tamil:ஆசைப்படு(ācaippaṭu)
Telugu:ఆశ (te)(āśa),కోరిక (te)(kōrika),ఇచ్చ (te)(icca),అపేక్ష (te)(apēkṣa),అభిలాష (te)(abhilāṣa),వాంఛ (te)(vāñcha)
Thai:ต้องการ (th)(dtɔ̂ng-gaan),ประสงค์ (th)(bprà-sǒng),ปรารถนา (th)(bpràattànăa)
Tocharian B:kulyp-
Ukrainian:бажа́ти (uk) impf(bažáty)
Uzbek:xohlamoq (uz)
Walloon:djeryî (wa)
Yiddish:באַגערן(bagern)

want emotionally or sexually

Armenian:ցանկանալ (hy)(cʻankanal)
Asturian:desear (ast)
Azerbaijani:arzu etmək (az),arzulamaq (az)
Bulgarian:жела́я (bg) impf(želája),жаду́вам (bg) impf(žadúvam)
Catalan:desitjar (ca)
Czech:toužit (cs)
Danish:begære,attrå
Dutch:begeren (nl),verlangen (nl)
Finnish:himoita (fi)
French:désirer (fr)
Galician:desexar (gl)
German:begehren (de)
Greek:επιθυμώ (el)(epithymó),ποθώ (el)(pothó)
Hebrew:חשק (he)(khashák),השתוקק (he)(hishtokék)
Hindi:कामना (hi)(kāmnā),वासना (hi)(vāsnā)
Hungarian:kíván (hu),vágyik (hu)
Indonesian:hasrat (id)
Interlingua:desirar
Italian:desiderare (it),volere (it)
Japanese:欲する (ja),求める (ja)
Korean:원하다 (ko)(wonhada)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish:خواستن(xwastin)
Latin:desidero,cupio,volo (la)
Latvian:kāroties,kārot,alkt
Lithuanian:trokšti,geisti (lt)
Macedonian:посакува(posakuva),посака(posaka)
Māori:hōkaka
Persian:خواستن (fa)(xâstan),آرزو کردن (fa)(ârezu kardan)
Polish:pożądać (pl)
Portuguese:desejar (pt)
Russian:жела́ть (ru) impf(želátʹ),вожделе́ть (ru) impf(voždelétʹ)
Spanish:desear (es)
Swedish:begära (sv),åtrå (sv)
Thai:ต้องการ (th)(dtɔ̂ng-gaan),ใคร่ (th)(krâi)
Yiddish:באַגערן(bagern)
Zazaki:wazen,waşten

Noun

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desire (usuallyuncountable,pluraldesires)

(uncountable) The feeling of desiring; an eager longing for something.
Too muchdesire can seriously affect one’s judgement.
- 1905,E. M. Forster,Where Angels Fear to Tread , chapter 7:
  He stood...filled with thedesire that his son should be like him, and should have sons like him, to people the earth. It is the strongestdesire that can come to a man - if it comes to him at all - stronger even than love or the desire for personal immortality.
(countable) Someone or something wished for.
Synonym:pleasure
It is mydesire to speak with you.
You’re my heart’sdesire.
- 2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, inThe Guardian Weekly, volume188, number26, page36:
  It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: perhaps out of adesire to escape the gravity of this world or to get a preview of the next; […].
(uncountable) Strong attraction, particularly romantic or sexual.
Hisdesire for her kept him awake at night.
(uncountable)Motivation.(Can we add anexample for this sense?)

Synonyms

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(one or thing wished for):wanna,want-to; See alsoThesaurus:desire
(motivation):wanna,want-to

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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something wished for

Afrikaans:begeerte,wens (af)
Albanian:dëshirë (sq) f
Amharic:please add this translation if you can
Arabic:رَغْبَة f(raḡba)
Aragonese:please add this translation if you can
Armenian:ցանկություն (hy)(cʻankutʻyun),իղձ (hy)(iġj)
Asturian:deséu m
Aymara:please add this translation if you can
Azerbaijani:arzu (az),nəfs (az)
Bangi:mposa
Bashkir:теләк(telək)
Basque:gogo,nahi,desira
Belarusian:жада́нне n(žadánnje)
Bengali:ইচ্ছা (bn)(iccha),তামান্না (bn)(tamanna),আরজু (bn)(arju),আরমান (bn)(arman),খায়েশ (bn)(khaẏeś)
Bhojpuri:चाहत(cāhat)
Breton:c'hoant (br) m
Bulgarian:жела́ние (bg) n(želánie)
Buryat:дуран(duran)
Catalan:desig (ca) m
Chechen:лаам(laam)
Cherokee:please add this translation if you can
Chinese:
Mandarin:慾望 /欲望(yùwàng),願望 /愿望 (zh)(yuànwàng)
Czech:přání (cs) n,touha (cs) f
Danish:ønske (da)
Dhivehi:please add this translation if you can
Dutch:verlangen (nl) n,wens (nl) m
Esperanto:deziro (eo)
Estonian:soov
Finnish:halu (fi)
French:désir (fr) m
Friulian:please add this translation if you can
Galician:desexo (gl) m,degoro (gl) m,devezo (gl) m,arela (gl) f,retento m,acexo m,xusgo m,gorromela f,enrónica f,engolemia f
Georgian:სურვილი(survili)
German:Begehren (de) n,Wunsch (de) m
Greek:επιθυμία (el) f(epithymía)
Ancient Greek:ἐπιθύμημα n(epithúmēma)
Hausa:please add this translation if you can
Hawaiian:makemake,ʻiʻini,ʻanoʻi
Hebrew:חפץ (he) m(ḥefets)
Hindi:कामना (hi) f(kāmnā),आकांक्षा (hi) f(ākāṅkṣā),इच्छा (hi) f(icchā),चाह (hi) f(cāh),ख़्वाहिश(xvāhiś),चाहत (hi)(cāhat)
Hungarian:vágy (hu),kívánság (hu),óhaj (hu)
Icelandic:löngun (is) f
Ido:deziro (io)
Ilocano:anag,arem
Indonesian:keinginan (id),kemauan (id),kehendak (id)
Ingrian:iso,halu,himo,ohvotta
Irish:mian f
Italian:desiderio (it) m,voglia (it) f
Japanese:願望 (ja)(ganbō),大願 (ja),宿願 (ja),野望 (ja)
Kalmyk:дурн(durn)
Kazakh:тілек(tılek),ықылас(yqylas)
Khmer:បំណងប្រាថ្នា(bɑmnɑɑŋ pratnaa)
Korean:욕망(欲望)(yongmang)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish:ئارەزوو(arezû),ئاوات(awat),دڵ خواز(dill xwaz)
Kyrgyz:тилек (ky)(tilek),каалоо (ky)(kaaloo)
Latin:voluntas,desiderium,studium (la),cupiditas,cupido (la)
Latvian:vēlēšanās (lv),vēlme (lv)
Lingala:mposa
Lithuanian:troškimas m,noras (lt) m,pageidavimas m
Macedonian:желба (mk) f(želba)
Malay:keinginan (ms)
Malayalam:ആഗ്രഹം (ml)(āgrahaṁ),മോഹം (ml)(mōhaṁ)
Maltese:xewqa
Manx:mian m,dooill m
Marathi:ईच्छा(īcchā)
Mirandese:deseio
Mongolian:
Cyrillic:дур (mn)(dur),хүсэл (mn)(xüsel)
Norwegian:
Bokmål:ønske (no) n
Odia:ସନ୍ଦିଶା(Sandiṡā)
Old English:wilnung f
Persian:آرزو (fa)(ârezu)
Polish:pragnienie (pl) n,pożądanie (pl) n
Portuguese:desejo (pt) m
Romanian:dorință (ro) f,deziderat (ro) n
Russian:охо́та (ru)(oxóta),жела́ние (ru) n(želánije),пожела́ние (ru) n(poželánije)
Sanskrit:वनस् (sa) n(vanas),इच्छा (sa) f(icchā)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic:жеља f,жудња f
Latin:želja (sh) f,žudnja (sh) f
Sinhalese:please add this translation if you can
Slovak:túžba f,želanie n
Slovene:želja (sl) f
Spanish:deseo (es) m
Swahili:ari (sw)
Swedish:önskan (sv),längtan (sv)
Tajik:орзу(orzu‍),хоҳиш (tg)(xohiš),майл (tg)(mayl),рағбат(raġbat)
Tamil:ஆசை (ta)(ācai)
Tatar:теләк (tt)(teläk)
Telugu:please add this translation if you can
Thai:ปรารถนา (th)(bpràattànăa),ความต้องการ (th)(kwaam dtông gaan)
Turkish:arzu (tr)
Turkmen:isleg
Ukrainian:бажа́ння (uk) n(bažánnja)
Urdu:خواہش f(xvāhiś),تمنا f(tamannā)
Uzbek:orzu (uz),ishtiyoq (uz),istak (uz),tilak (uz)
Vietnamese:mong muốn (vi)
Vilamovian:gyłysta
Volapük:desir (vo)
Yiddish:באַגער m(bager)

strong attraction

Armenian:կիրք (hy)(kirkʻ)
Azerbaijani:istək (az)
Bengali:বাসনা (bn)(baśona),কামনা (bn)(kamona)
Bulgarian:жела́ние (bg) n(želánie),жадуване (bg) n(žaduvane)
Catalan:desig (ca) m
Czech:touha (cs) f
Danish:begær,lyst (da)
Dutch:begeerte (nl) f
Estonian:iha,himu
Finnish:halu (fi)
French:désir (fr) m
Galician:desexo (gl) m
German:Begehren (de) n
Gothic:𐌻𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃 m(lustus),𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌴𐌹 f(gairnei)
Greek:επιθυμία (el) f(epithymía),πόθος (el) m(póthos)
Ancient Greek:ἵμερος m(hímeros),ἐπιθυμία f(epithumía),πόθος m(póthos)
Hebrew:תשוקה (he) f(tshuqa)
Hindi:वासना (hi) f(vāsnā),कामना (hi) f(kāmnā)
Hungarian:vágy (hu),vonzalom (hu),vonzódás (hu)
Indonesian:hasrat (id)
Irish:mian f,dúil f,fonn m,saint (ga) f
Italian:desiderio (it) m
Javanese:niat
Old Javanese:tṛṣṇa
Khmer:បំណងប្រាថ្នា(bɑmnɑɑŋ pratnaa)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish:ئاواتی دڵ(awatî dill)
Latin:desiderium,studium (la),cupitas
Latvian:iekāre f,alkas pl
Lithuanian:geismas m,potraukis m,aistra f
Macedonian:копнеж m(kopnež),страст f(strast)
Malay:hasrat,nafsu
Malayalam:ആഗ്രഹം (ml)(āgrahaṁ)
Māori:hōkakatanga,taera
Norwegian:
Bokmål:begjær (no) n,attrå m
Occitan:desir (oc) m
Old English:lust
Persian:میل (fa)(meyl),خواهش (fa)(xâheš)
Polish:pożądanie (pl) n
Portuguese:desejo (pt) m
Romanian:dorință (ro) f
Russian:жела́ние (ru) n(želánije),вожделе́ние (ru) n(voždelénije),влече́ние (ru) n(vlečénije)
Serbo-Croatian:žudnja (sh) f
Slovene:poželenje n
Spanish:deseo (es) m
Swahili:ari (sw)
Swedish:begär (sv),åtrå (sv)
Telugu:ఆకర్షణ (te)(ākarṣaṇa)
Thai:ความใคร่ (th)(kwaam-krâi)
Tocharian B:kāwalyñe
Urdu:چاہت f(cāhat)
Yiddish:באַגער m(bager)

feeling of desire

Armenian:ցանկություն (hy)(cʻankutʻyun),իղձ (hy)(iġj)
Asturian:deséu m
Azerbaijani:istək (az)
Bulgarian:желание (bg) n(želanie)
Catalan:desig (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin:慾望/欲望 /欲望/欲望,欲望 (zh)(yùwàng)
Czech:touha (cs) f,toužení n
Danish:lyst (da)
Finnish:halu (fi)
French:désir (fr) m
Galician:desexo (gl) m
German:Begehren (de) n
Gothic:𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 m(wilja)
Greek:πόθος (el) m(póthos)
Hebrew:תשוקה (he) f(tshuqa)
Hindi:कामना (hi) f(kāmnā)
Hungarian:vágy (hu),vágyódás (hu),vágyakozás (hu)
Ido:deziro (io)
Irish:mian f,dúil f,fonn m,saint (ga) f
Italian:desiderio (it) m
Japanese:欲望 (ja)
Kannada:ಡಿಸೈರ್(ḍisair)
Khmer:បំណងប្រាថ្នា(bɑmnɑɑŋ pratnaa)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish:حەز لێکردن(ḧez lêkirdin),ئاواتی دڵ(awatî dill)
Latin:desiderium,studium (la),cupitas
Latvian:iekāre f,alkas pl,kaisle f,kaislība f
Lithuanian:geismas m,aistra f
Macedonian:копнеж m(kopnež),страст f(strast)
Malayalam:മോഹം (ml)(mōhaṁ)
Manchu:ᠪᡠᠶᡝᠨ(buyen)
Manx:mian m,dooill m
Māori:minaka
Norwegian:
Bokmål:begjær (no) n,lyst (no) m
Old English:lust
Persian:خواهش (fa)(xâheš),کام (fa)(kâm),یاسه (fa)(yâse)
Portuguese:desejo (pt) m
Russian:жела́ние (ru) n(želánije),вожделе́ние (ru) n(voždelénije)
Sanskrit:तृष्णा (sa) f(tṛṣṇā)
Scottish Gaelic:drùis f,baois f,baoiseachd f,feòlmhorachd f
Slovene:poželenje n
Spanish:deseo (es) m,gana (es) f
Swahili:ari (sw)
Swedish:begär (sv),lust (sv),längtan (sv)
Tamil:விருப்பம் (ta)(viruppam),ஆசை (ta)(ācai)
Telugu:కోరిక (te)(kōrika),కుతి (te)(kuti)
Thai:ความใคร่ (th)(kwaam-krâi),ความปรารถนา (th)(kwaam bpràattànăa),ตัณหา (th)(dtan-hǎa)
Turkish:arzu hissi
Ukrainian:бажа́ння (uk) n(bažánnja)
Urdu:چاہت f(cāhat)
Yiddish:באַגער m(bager)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Indonesian:^{(pleaseverify)}birahi (id),^{(pleaseverify)}nafsu (id),^{(pleaseverify)}keinginan (id) ,^{(pleaseverify)}kehendak (id)
Italian:(1,2)^{(pleaseverify)}desiderare (it)
Romanian:^{(pleaseverify)}dorință (ro) f,^(please verify)vrere (ro) f
Telugu:^(please verify)కోరిక (te)(kōrika),^{(pleaseverify)}కోరు (te)(kōru)

Anagrams

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Seider,desier,eiders,eresid,redies,reside

Italian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromOld Occitandezire.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /deˈzi.re/
Rhymes:-ire
Hyphenation:de‧sì‧re

Noun

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desire m (pluraldesiri)

(poetic, archaic)desire
Synonym:desiderio

Related terms

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Anagrams

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derise,resedi,risedé,sederi

Middle English

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Noun

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desire

alternative form ofdesir
- 1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e.,Thomas Malory], “[The Tale ofKing Arthur]”, inLe Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England:s.n.],folio 35, recto, lines27–29:
  and ſoMerlyon wente forthe vnto kynglodegean of Camylerde and tolde hym of thedeſire of the kyng that þ^t he wolde haue vnto his wyffGwenyu[er] his douȝt[er]
  (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)