Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム

Jump to content

dem

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Appendix:Variations of "dem"

Languages (24)

Translingual • English

Albanian • Antigua and Barbuda Creole English • Catalan • Chinese • Danish • Galician • German • Gullah • Irish • Jamaican Creole • Latin • Luxembourgish • Nigerian Pidgin • Northern Kurdish • Norwegian Bokmål • Pennsylvania German • Pitcairn-Norfolk • Swedish • Turkish • Wolof • Zazaki • Zhuang

Page categories

Translingual

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromEnglishDem.

Symbol

[edit]

dem

(international standards)ISO 639-3 language code forDem.

English

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dɛm/
- Audio(Southern England): (file)
Rhymes:-ɛm

Pronoun

[edit]

dem

Nonstandard form ofthem.
- 2007 February 25, Sia Michel, “Stephen Marley in Tallahassee, M.I.A. in India and Klaxons on Fire”, inNew York Times‎^[2]:
  Go telldem natty dreadlocks no wear handcuff,” advises Damian Marley, his guest star and younger brother, who accuses the officers of jealousy.

Determiner

[edit]

dem

Nonstandard form ofthem, in the sense of "those".
What aredemfings doing ’ere?
(Caribbean, Jamaica, MLE, slang) (clitic, suffix) A group of.
- 1956, “Give Her Love”, performed by Chin’s Calypso Sextet:
  Love tenderness is what the womandem want
- 2009,Dizzee Rascal,Chillin' Wiv Da Man Dem:
  Chillin'wiv da mandem
  Jammin' wiv da mandem
  It's all good in the hood wiv da mandem
- 2010,Plan B,Stay Too Long:
  I’ve got mypeepsdem with me shouting pull up your socks,
  Cos we just broke the law and now we're running from cops.

Derived terms

[edit]

gyal dem

Anagrams

[edit]

D. Me.,DME,EDM,Edm,MEd,Med,Med.,med

Albanian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Albanian*dama, fromProto-Indo-European*dm̥h₂ós(“bull”) (compareIrishdamh,Ancient Greekδάμαλος(dámalos,“calf”)), from*demh₂-(“to tame”) (compareLatindomō,Englishtame).^[1]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Audio: (file)

Noun

[edit]

dem m (pluraldema, definitedemi, definite pluraldemat)

bull
main load-bearing beam in a floor

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofdem
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	dem	demi	dema	demat
accusative	dem	demin	dema	demat
dative	demi	demit	demave	demave
ablative	demi	demit	demash	demave

Synonyms

[edit]

References

[edit]

^Orel, Vladimir E. (2000),A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎^[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill,→ISBN, page48

Antigua and Barbuda Creole English

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromEnglishthem.

Pronoun

[edit]

dem

they(plural)
them(plural)
theirs(plural possessive)

Particle

[edit]

dem

(postpositive)placed after a noun phrase to mark it as plural;-s
fumi daagdem ―my dogs

References

[edit]

Jerene Joseph,Antigua and Barbuda Dictionary (2019)
Joy Lawrence,The Way Wed Talk and Other Antiguan Folkways (2003)

Catalan

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

dem

inflection ofdar:
1. first-person plural presentindicative/subjunctive
2. first-person plural imperative

Chinese

[edit]

dem

(Hong Kong Cantonese, colloquial) todemonstrate; toshow; toperform

Derived terms

[edit]

dem beat

Etymology 2

[edit]

From clipping ofEnglishDemocrat.

Proper noun

[edit]

dem

(Internet slang, US Politics) TheDemocratic Party in theUnited States.
(Internet slang, US Politics) A member or supporter of theDemocratic Party in theUnited States.

Danish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dɛm/,[ˈd̥ɛm],[d̥ɛm],[d̥m̩],[pm̩]

Pronoun

[edit]

dem (nominativede,possessivederes)

them(3rd person plural, objective case)

Number	Person	Type	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive
common	neuter	plural
Singular	First	–	jeg	mig	min	mit	mine
Second	modern /informal	du	dig	din	dit	dine
formal (uncommon)	De	Dem	Deres
Third	masculine (person)	han	ham	hans
feminine (person)	hun	hende	hendes
common (noun)	den	dens
neuter (noun)	det	dets
indefinite	man	en	ens
reflexive	–	sig	sin	sit	sine
Plural	First	modern	vi	os	vores
archaic /formal	vor	vort	vore
Second	–	I	jer	jeres
Third	–	de	dem	deres
reflexive	–	sig

Galician

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

dem

(reintegrationist norm) inflection ofdar:
1. third-person plural present subjunctive
2. third-person plural imperative

German

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /deːm/(stressed) (for the pronoun)
IPA^(key): /dem/,/dəm/,/dm̩/(unstressed) (for the article)
Audio: (file)
Audio(Germany (Berlin)): (file)

Article

[edit]

dem

dativemasculine/neutersingular ofder:the

Declension

[edit]

Germandefinite articles
	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	das	die
genitive	des	der	des	der
dative	dem	der	dem	den
accusative	den	die	das	die

Pronoun

[edit]

dem (relative)

dativemasculine/neutersingular ofder: towhom, towhich

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofder (relative pronoun)
	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	das	die
genitive	dessen	deren derer	dessen	deren derer
dative	dem	der	dem	denen
accusative	den	die	das	die

Derived terms

[edit]

Gullah

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromEnglishthem.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dɪm/

Particle

[edit]

dem

(post-positional) plural marker

Pronoun

[edit]

dem

(third-person plural object-oblique)them
(demonstrative) those

Inflection

[edit]

Gullah Geechee personal pronouns
Number	singular		plural
puss'n	subject	object-oblique	subject	object-oblique
fus	Uh, A¹	me	we
sekint	yuh, ya¹		oonuh, oona¹
tud	e, i¹	um	dey	dem

¹ alternate spelling

References

[edit]

Virginia Mixson Geraty,Gulluh fuh oonuh: Gullah for You (1997)
Lorenzo Dow Turner,Africanisms in the Gullah Dialect (1969)
Seminole Indian Scouts Cemetery Association.Afro-Seminole Creole Wikitongues Language Class
David B. Frank. Gullah Grammar Sketch

Irish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dʲɛmˠ/

Contraction

[edit]

dem (triggerslenition)

(Munster)contraction ofde mo(“from my”)
Chrochasdem ghualainn é.
I suspended it from my shoulder.

Related terms

[edit]

Irish preposition contractions
	contracted with							copular forms
base form	an(“the sg”)	na(“the pl”)	mo(“my”)	do(“your”)	a(“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár(“our”)	ar(“which (past)”)	before a consonant	before a vowel
base form	an(“the sg”)	na(“the pl”)	mo(“my”)	do(“your”)	a(“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár(“our”)	ar(“which (past)”)	before a consonant	present/future	past/conditional
de(“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded,det	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do(“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod,dot	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi(“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i(“in”)	sa,san	sna	i mo im*	i do id,it	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le(“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led,let	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó(“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód,ót	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí(“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh

*dialectal

Jamaican Creole

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Derived fromEnglishthem.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈdɛm/
Homophone:-dem

Pronoun

[edit]

dem

they(plural)
them(plural)
theirs(plural possessive)

Derived terms

[edit]

fi dem

Related terms

[edit]

Particle

[edit]

dem

(postpositive)placed after a noun phrase to mark it as plural;-s
mi frendem ―my friends

Latin

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Classical Latin)IPA^(key): [ˈdẽː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): [ˈd̪ɛm]

Verb

[edit]

dem

first-person singular present active subjunctive ofdō

Luxembourgish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dem/,[dəm]

Determiner

[edit]

dem m

unstressed form ofdeem

Declension

[edit]

Luxembourgishdefinite articles
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nom./acc.	deen (den)	déi (d')	dat (d')	déi (d')
dative	deem (dem)	där (der)	deem (dem)	deen (den)
genitive		der

Nigerian Pidgin

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromEnglishthem.

Pronoun

[edit]

dem

them,they
- 2025 April 23, Orla Guerin, “More dan 150 pipo injure as earthquakes shake buildings for Turkey Istanbul”, inBBC News Pidgin‎^[5]:
  For now, no immediate reports of casualties or wider damage, but Istanbul officials saydem dey check buildings, den warn pipo to stay clear of potentially-damaged sites.
  For now, there are no immediate reports of casualties or wider damage, but Istanbul officials saythey are checking buildings, then warning people to stay clear of potentially damaged sites.

Northern Kurdish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

ComparePersianدم(dam,“breathe, moment”).

Noun

[edit]

dem f

time

Norwegian Bokmål

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dɛm/

Pronoun

[edit]

dem

them

Number	Person	Type	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive
feminine	masculine	neuter	plural
Singular	First	–	jeg	meg	mi	min	mitt	mine
Second	general	du	deg	di	din	ditt	dine
formal (rare)	De	Dem	Deres
Third	feminine (person)	hun	henne	hennes
masculine (person)	han	ham /han	hans
feminine (noun)	den	dens
masculine (noun)
neuter (noun)	det	dets
reflexive	–	seg	si	sin	sitt	sine
Plural	First	–	vi	oss	vår	vårt	våre
Second	general	dere	deres
formal (very rare)	De	Dem	Deres
Third	general	de	dem	deres
reflexive	–	seg	si	sin	sitt	sine

Pennsylvania German

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

CompareGermandem.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dɛm/

Article

[edit]

dem (definite)

dativemasculine/neutersingular ofder:the

Declension

[edit]

	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	es	die
dative	dem,em	der	dem,em	de
accusative	der,den	die	es	die

Pitcairn-Norfolk

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromEnglishthem.

Pronoun

[edit]

dem

them

References

[edit]

Speak Norfolk Today: an Encyclopaedia of the Norfolk Island Language, by Alice Buffett, 1999.

Swedish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈdɔm/
Homophone:de
Rhymes:-ɔm

Pronoun

[edit]

dem (third-person plural)

them;accusative/dative ofde
De serdem
They seethem
misspelling ofde

Usage notes

[edit]

In most dialects,de(“they”) anddem(“them”) are no longer distinguished in speech. They are regularly mixed up in writing by native speakers, due to lack of grammatical intuition. The articlede is often mixed up withdem as well.

Declension

[edit]

Swedish personal pronouns
Number	Person		nominative	oblique	possessive
Number	Person		nominative	oblique	common	neuter	plural
singular	first	—	jag	mig,mej³	min	mitt	mina
	second	—	du	dig,dej³	din	ditt	dina
	third	masculine (person)	han	honom,han²,en⁵	hans
		feminine (person)	hon	henne,na⁵	hennes
		gender-neutral (person)¹	hen	hen,henom⁷	hens
		common (noun)	den	den	dess
		neuter (noun)	det	det	dess
		indefinite	manoren⁴	en	ens
		reflexive	—	sig,sej³	sin	sitt	sina
plural	first	—	vi	oss	vår,våran²	vårt,vårat²	våra
	second	—	ni	er	er,eran²,ers⁶	ert,erat²	era
	second	archaic	I	eder	eder,eders⁶	edert	edra
	third	—	de,dom³	dem,dom³	deras
	third	reflexive	—	sig,sej³	sin	sitt	sina

¹Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, though it remains limited.

²Informal

³Colloquialpronunciation spelling.

⁴Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative toman, to avoid association to the male gender.

⁵Informal, somewhat dialectal

⁶Formal address

⁷Discouraged by theSwedish Language Council

Article

[edit]

dem

misspelling ofde

Anagrams

[edit]

med,med.

Turkish

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Cognate withOld Turkic[script needed](tam-), fromProto-Turkic*tem-(“to drip”).

Noun

[edit]

dem

Etymology 2

[edit]

FromOttoman Turkishدم(dem), fromPersianدم(dam).

Noun

[edit]

dem(obsolete, poetic)

Synonyms

[edit]

(breath):soluk
(moment):an

Etymology 3

[edit]

Inherited fromOttoman Turkishدم, fromArabicدَم(dam).^[1]

Noun

[edit]

dem

(obsolete, poetic)blood

Synonyms

[edit]

References

[edit]

^Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “dem2”, inNişanyan Sözlük

Wolof

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Audio: (file)

Verb

[edit]

dem

togo

Conjugation

[edit]

Conjugation ofdem
	present	imperfect	pluperfect	future
1st person singular	damaydem	damadoondem	demoonnaa	dinaadem
2nd person singular	dangaydem	dangadoondem	demoonnga	dingadem
3rd person singular	dafaydem	dafadoondem	demoonna	dinadem
1st person plural	dañuydem	dañudoondem	demoonnañu	dinañudem
2nd person plural	dangeendem	dangeendoondem	demoonngeen	dingeendem
3rd person plural	deñuydem	deñudoondem	demoonnañu	dinañudem

	imperative
singular	demal!
plural	demleen!