“He went to’dsde back, ma’am.” The negro opened the door and slid his legs, clad in army O.D. and a pair of linoleum putties, to the ground. “‘I’ll go git ’im.”’
2013 April 12, “Exclusive: Meet Derpuntae - Bermuda's first meme”, inThe Bermuda Sun[5], archived fromthe original on2022-12-12:
So I'll prolly sayde biggest threat to Bermy isde new selfish mentality like, she ank helpin no one inde end.
Conwoman Jeanne de La Motte stole a 2,800-carat diamond necklace, The Slave's Collar, by convincing the Cardinalde Rohan that Queen Marie-Antoinette wanted it.
2014, Alina García-Lapuerta,La Belle Créole: The Cuban Countess Who Captivated Havana, Madrid, and Paris, Chicago, I.L.:Chicago Review Press,→ISBN,page236:
When Prosper Mérimée had next seen Mercedes after Spain, in March 1846, he told the Countessde Montijo that Mercedes "looked less well preserved [and] limped a little."
(masculine): Three territories must be distinguished: 1.)Ripuarian, in which the accusative takes the form of the nominative; 2.) westernMoselle Franconian, in which the nominative takes the form of the accusative; 3.) eastern Moselle Franconian, in which nominative and accusative are distinct.
1.) In Ripuarian, the reduced masculine article in nominative and accusative isde only in a few places, includingBonn; most dialects haveder. The full form is alwaysdä.
2.) In western Moselle Franconian, the form isde, but becomesden before vowels,h-, and dental consonants. The full form isdän.
3.) In eastern Moselle Franconian, the reduced masculine article in the nominative isde in many dialects,der in others. The full form isdär. The accusative takesden (full form:dän).
(feminine): Virtually all dialects usede as the reduced feminine article in nominative and accusative. The full form isdie. In the dative,de is used in a few dialects of Ripuarian; the general form isder. The full form may bedär ordä.
(plural): Virtually all dialects usede as the reduced plural article in nominative and accusative. The full form isdie. In the dative,de is used in most dialects of Ripuarian. In Moselle Franconian the form is the same as the masculine accusative (see above). The full form of the dative plural may bedä, dän, ordäne.
Westernmost Ripuarian has no case distinction whatsoever. Only the nominative forms are relevant for these dialects.
“de” inMartalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974)Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Placed beforemasculine andfeminine nouns in thesingular andplural nouns of all genders, indicating a specific person or thing instead of a general case.
Paris est la capitalede la France. ―Paris is the capitalof France.
1837, Louis Viardot, chapter I, inL’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manchefr.Wikisource, translation ofEl ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra:
Dans une bourgadede la Manche, dont je ne veux pas me rappeler le nom, vivait, il n’y a pas longtemps, unhidalgo ....
In a village of La Mancha, whose name I do not want to remember, lived, not long ago, an hidalgo ....
of(used to express property or association)
Œuvresde Fermat ―Fermat’s Works
Elle est la femmede mon ami. ―She is my friend’s wife.
Boire trois tasses par jour réduiraitde 20 % les risques de contracter une maladie. ―Drinking three cups a day would reduce the risks of catching an illnessby 20%.
Before a word beginning with a vowel sound,de elides tod’. Before the articlele, it contracts with the article intodu. Before the articleles, it contracts with the article intodes.
Le Songed’une nuitd’été’ ―A Midsummer Night’s Dream (literally, “The Dreamof a nightof summer”)
In negative sentences,de often replaces the indefinite (un,une anddes) and partitive articles (du,de la,des). However, there are situations where the indefinite or partitive articles are retained. For example[1]:
when the nominal element is an attributive complement to the negated verbêtre
Il n’est pas un menteur. ―He isn't a liar.
when the complement of the negated verb is followed by a contradistinctive element (not X, but Y)
Il ne mange pas de viande. ―He doesn't eat meat.
Il ne mange pas de la viande, mais du pain. ―He doesn't eat meat, but bread.
(adverb):de inBárczi, Géza andLászló Országh.A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.:ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN
(conjunction):de inBárczi, Géza andLászló Országh.A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.:ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN
de in Nóra Ittzés, editor,A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031(work in progress; publisheda–ez as of 2024).
2020 November 25, Eliz Gatenyo, “Ko-Abitasyones”, inŞalom Gazetesi[13]:
Mösyö Ehrlich era lehli (ashkenazi) komo ya se entiendede su nombre.
Mösyö Ehrlich was Lehli (Ashkenazi), as is already understoodfrom his name.
from(with the separation, exclusion or differentiation of)
1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel,Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur[14], Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita,→OCLC,page10:
Si mis vizinos (goliian) mis defectos Si aleşavan⁵)de mi como de muertos.
If my neighbours sense my defects, if they keep awayfrom me like the dead.
2000, Moshe 'Ha-Elion, translated by Avner Perets,במחנות המות[15],מכון מעלה אדומים,→ISBN,page47:
Staran por siempre libresde teles,de kadenas,[…]de ambre ide penas.
Forever shall they be freefrom iron wires,from chains,from hunger andfrom pains.
Sometimes before a word beginning with a vowel sound,de elides tod’. Before the articleel, it frequently contracts with the article intodel. Nevertheless, these contractions are not compulsory in Judezmo as they are in French and Spanish.
↑2.02.12.2Dov Cohen and Ora (Rodrigue) Schwarzwald (2019 June 19) “Coṃpendio delas šeḥiṭót (Constantinople ca. 1510): The First Judeo-Spanish Printed Publication”, inJournal of Jewish Languages, volume 7, number 1, Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV,→DOI,→ISSN, page4651
De introductione religionis Christianæ in Islandiam.
Of the introduction of Christianity to Iceland.
from,away from,down from, out of;in general to indicate the person or place from which any thing is taken, etc., with verbs of taking away, depriving, demanding, requesting, inquiring, buying; ascapere,sumere,emere,quaerere,discere,trahere, etc., and their compounds.
from,away from,to indicate the place from which someone or something departs or withdraws.
Animamde corpore mitto. ―I release the spiritfrom the body.
Aliquo quom jam sucusde corpore cessit. ―Somehow the spirit has already passed somewhere from the body.
Civitati persuasit, utde finibus suis cum omnibus copiis exirent. ―He persuaded the people to go forthfrom their territories with all their possessions.
decederede provincia ―to retirefrom office
de vita decedere ―to withdrawfrom life
exirede vita ―to exitout of life (compareexcedere e vita)
de triclinio,de cubiculo exire ―to go outfrom the triclinium,from the cubiculum
de castris procedere ―to proceedout of the military camps
Decidode lecto praeceps. ―I falldown from the bed headlong.
de muro se deicere ―to throw oneselfdown from the wall
de sella exsilire ―to jumpfrom the stool
nec ex equo velde muro etc., hostem destinare ―to aim at the enemyfrom neither the horse nor the wall
De altera parte tertia Sequanos decedere juberet. ―He ordered the Sequani to withdraw from another third part.
(particularly coins)over,in reference to the people subjugated when celebrating a Roman victory
Dē denotes thegoing out,departure,removal, orseparating of an object from any fixed point (it occupies a middle place betweenab(“away from”) which denotes a mere external departure, andex(“out of”) which signifies from the interior of a thing). Hence verbs compounded withdē are constructed not only withdē, but quite as frequently withab andex; and, on the other hand, those compounded withab andex often have theterminus a quo indicated bydē.
de inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
de inCharlton T. Lewis (1891)An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
"de", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
de inGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894)Latin Phrase-Book[19], London:Macmillan and Co.
the vegetable kingdom:arbores stirpesque, herbae stirpesque (De Fin. 5. 11. 33)
to take root:radices agere (De Off. 2. 12. 73)
to be struck by lightning:de caelo tangi, percuti
to turn aside from the right way; to deviate:de via declinare, deflectere (also metaphorically)
make way for any one:(de via) decedere alicui
weary with travelling; way-worn:fessus de via
to leave a place:discedere a, de, ex loco aliquo
to quit a place for ever:decedere loco, de, ex loco
to throw oneself from the ramparts:se deicere de muro
to throw some one down the Tarpeian rock:deicere aliquem de saxo Tarpeio
while it is still night, day:de nocte, de die
late at night:multa de nocte
a fine, practised ear:aures elegantes, teretes, tritae (De Or. 9. 27)
to pass a thing from hand to hand:de manu in manus orper manus tradere aliquid
to wrest from a person's hand:ex orde manibus alicui oralicuius extorquere aliquid
to slip, escape from the hands:e (de) manibus effugere,elābi
the world of sense, the visible world:res sensibus oroculis subiectae (De Fin. 5. 12. 36)
to free one's mind from the influences of the senses:sevocare mentem a sensibus (De Nat. D. 3. 8. 21)
from one's entry into civil life:ab ineunte (prima) aetate (De Or. 1. 21. 97)
to dream of a person:somniare de aliquo
to depart this life:(de) vita decedere or merelydecedere
to depart this life:de vita exire, de (ex) vita migrare
to remove a person:e orde medio tollere
I'm undone! it's all up with me:perii! actum est de me! (Ter. Ad. 3. 2. 26)
for valid reasons:iustis decausis
to comfort a man in a matter; to condole with him:consolari aliquem de aliqua re
to deserve well at some one's hands; to do a service to..:bene, praeclare (melius, optime) mereride aliquo
to deserve ill of a person; to treat badly:male mereri de aliquo
to expostulate with a person about a thing:conqueri, expostulare cum aliquo de aliqua re
to inform a person:certiorem facere aliquem (alicuius rei orde aliqua re)
to mention a thing:mentionem facere alicuius rei orde aliqua re
to mention a thing incidentally, casually:mentionem inicere de aliqua re or Acc. c. Inf.
to detract from a person's reputation, wilfully underestimate a person:de gloria, fama alicuius detrahere
to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of:bona, mala existimatio est de aliquo
to do work (especially agricultural):opusfacere (De Senect. 7. 24)
to exert oneself very considerably in a matter:desudare et elaborare in aliqua re (De Senect. 11. 38)
to study the commonplace:cogitationes in res humiles abicere (De Amic. 9. 32) (Opp.alte spectare, ad altiora tendere, altum, magnificum, divinum suspicere)
vague, undeveloped ideas:intellegentiae adumbratae orincohatae (De Leg. 1. 22. 59)
to give up one's opinion:de sententia sua decedere
to give up one's opinion:(de) sententia desistere
to be forced to change one's mind:de sententia deici, depelli, deterreri
to make a man change his opinion:de sententia aliquem deducere, movere
to judge others by oneself:de se (ex se de aliis) coniecturam facere
to form a plan, make a resolution:consilium capere, inire (de aliqua re, with Gen. gerund., with Inf., more rarelyut)
to deliberate together (of a number of people):consilium habere (de aliqua re)
to deliberate, consider (of individuals):consultare ordeliberare (de aliqua re)
designedly; intentionally:de industria, dedita opera (opp.imprudens)
from memory; by heart:ex memoria (opp.de scripto)
to reduce a thing to its theoretical principles; to apply theory to a thing:ad artem, ad rationem revocare aliquid (De Or. 2. 11. 44)
to apply oneself very closely to literary, scientific work:in litteris elaborare (De Sen. 8. 26)
to be a man of great learning:doctrina abundare (De Or. 3. 16. 59)
abstruse studies:studia, quae in reconditis artibus versantur (De Or. 1. 2. 8)
to have a thorough grasp of a subject:penitus percipere et comprehendere aliquid (De Or. 1. 23. 108)
for a Roman he is decidedly well educated:sunt in illo, ut in homine Romano, multae litterae (De Sen. 4. 12)
to civilise men, a nation:homines, gentem a fera agrestique vita ad humanum cultum civilemque deducere (De Or. 1. 8. 33)
to obtain a result in something:aliquid efficere, consequi in aliqua re (De Or. 1. 33. 152)
he is a young man of great promise:adulescens alios bene de se sperare iubet, bonam spem ostendit oralii de adulescente bene sperare possunt
to take a lesson from some one's example:sibi exemplum sumere ex aliquo orexemplum capere de aliquo
to give advice, directions, about a matter:praecepta dare, tradere de aliqua re
Cicero's philosophical writings:Ciceronis de philosophia libri
Solon, one of the seven sages:Solo, unus de septem (illis)
to teac:tradere (aliquid de aliqua re)
dialectical nicety:disserendi subtilitas (De Or. 1. 1. 68)
moral science; ethics:philosophia, quae est de vita et moribus (Acad. 1. 5. 19)
moral science; ethics:philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
to systematise:ad rationem, ad artem et praecepta revocare aliquid (De Or. 1. 41)
to determine the nature and constitution of the subject under discussion:constituere, quid et quale sit, de quo disputetur
the points on which proofs are based; the grounds of proof:loci (τόποι) argumentorum (De Or. 2. 162)
to discuss, investigate a subject scientifically:disputare (de aliqua re, ad aliquid)
to discuss both sides of a question:in utramque partem, in contrarias partes disputare (De Or. 1. 34)
to be contested, become the subject of debate:in controversiam vocari, adduci, venire (De Or. 2. 72. 291)
the point at issue:id, de quo agitur orid quod cadit in controversiam
a twofold tradition prevails on this subject:duplex est memoria de aliqua re
to write poetry with facility:carmina , versus fundere (De Or. 3. 50)
to learn to play a stringed instrument:fidibus discere (De Sen. 8. 26)
the melody:modi (De Or. 1. 42. 187)
the art of painting:ars pingendi, pictura (De Or. 2. 16. 69)
the dramatic art:ars ludicra (De Or. 2. 20. 84)
to retire from the stage:de scaena decedere
to be fluent:disertum esse (De Or. 1. 21. 94)
to be a capable, finished speaker:eloquentem esse (De Or. 1. 21. 94)
flow of oratory:flumenorationis (De Or. 2. 15. 62)
incorrect language:oratio inquinata (De Opt. Gen. Or. 3. 7)
flowers of rhetoric; embellishments of style:lumina, flores dicendi (De Or. 3. 25. 96)
to give an account of a thing (either orally or in writing):exponere aliquid orde aliqua re
to make a character-sketch of a person:de ingenio moribusque alicuius exponere
graphic depiction:rerum sub aspectum paene subiectio (De Or. 3. 53. 202)
to go deeply into a matter, discuss it fully:multum, nimium esse (in aliqua re) (De Or. 2. 4. 17)
to speak at great length on a subject, discuss very fully:fusius, uberius, copiosius disputare, dicere de aliqua re
to interpolate, insert something:interponere aliquid (De Am. 1. 3)
to digress, deviate:digredi (a proposito) (De Or. 2. 77. 311)
a rather recondite speech:oratio longius repetita (De Or. 3. 24. 91)
to read a speech:de scripto orationemhabere, dicere (opp.sine scripto, ex memoria)
the arrangement of the subject-matter:dispositio rerum (De Inv. 1. 7. 9)
to set some one a theme for discussion:ponere alicui, de quo disputet
to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion:ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
the question at issue:res, de qua nunc quaerimus, quaeritur
to answer every question:percontanti non deesse (De Or. 1. 21. 97)
a far-fetched joke:arcessitum dictum (De Or. 2. 63. 256)
to be silly, without tact:ineptum esse (De Or. 2. 4. 17)
to be united by having a common language:eiusdem linguae societate coniunctum esse cum aliquo (De Or. 3. 59. 223)
to translate from Plato:ab orde (notex)Platone vertere, convertere, transferre
a linguist, philologian:grammaticus (De Or. 1. 3. 10)
to employ carefully chosen expressions:lectissimis verbis uti (De Or. 3. 37)
to say not a syllable about a person:ne verbum (withoutunum)quidem de aliquo facere
to speak on a subject:verba facere (de aliqua re, apud aliquem)
to begin with a long syllable:oriri a longa (De Or. 1. 55. 236)
to compose, compile a book:librum conficere, componere (De Sen. 1. 2)
there exists a book on..:est liber de...
the book treats of friendship:hic liber est de amicitia (notagit) orhoc libro agitur de am.
to lay down a book (vid. sect. XII. 3, notevestem deponere...):librum de manibus ponere
humour; disposition:animi affectio orhabitus (De Inv. 2. 5)
I am pained, vexed, sorry:doleo aliquid, aliqua re, de andex aliqua re
not to trouble oneself about a thing:non laborare de aliqua re
to disconcert a person:animum alicuius de statu, de gradu demovere (more stronglydepellere, deturbare)
to lose one's composure; to be disconcerted:de statu suo ormentis deici (Att. 16. 15)
to lose one's composure; to be disconcerted:de gradu deici, ut dicitur
what will become of me:quid (de) me fiet? (Ter. Heaut. 4. 3. 37)
it's all over with me; I'm a lost man:actum est de me
to hope well of a person:bene, optime (meliora) sperare de aliquo (Nep. Milt. 1. 1)
to fulfil expectation:exspectationem explere (De Or. 1. 47. 205)
to be touched with pity:misericordia moveri, capi (De Or. 2. 47)
to have enthusiasm for a person or thing:studio ardere alicuius oralicuius rei (De Or. 2. 1. 1)
to undermine a person's loyalty:de fide deducere ora fide abducere aliquem
to make a thing credible:fidem facere, afferre alicui rei (opp.demere, de-, abrogare fidem)
to be answerable for a person, a thing:praestare aliquem, aliquid, de aliqua re or Acc. c. Inf.
to suspect a person:suspicionem habere de aliquo
to be separated by a deadly hatred:capitali odio dissidere ab aliquo (De Am. 1. 2)
to vent one's anger, spite on some one:virus acerbitatis suae effundere in aliquem (De Amic. 23. 87)
his vices betray themselves:vitia erumpunt (in aliquem) (De Amic. 21. 76)
to give some one satisfaction for an injury:satisfacere alicui pro (de) iniuriis
apparently; to look at:specie (De Amic. 13. 47)
to neglect one's duty:de, ab officio decedere
to follow one's inclinations:studiis suis obsequi (De Or. 1. 1. 3)
moral precepts:praecepta de moribus orde virtute
to give moral advice, rules of conduct:de virtute praecipere alicui
by divine inspiration (often = marvellously, excellently):divinitus (De Or. 1. 46. 202)
to observe the sky (i.e. the flight of birds, lightning, thunder, etc.:de caelo servare (Att. 4. 3. 3)
to escort a person from his house:deducerealiquem de domo
to be a strict disciplinarian in one's household:severum imperium in suis exercere, tenere (De Sen. 11. 37)
to dispossess a person:demovere, deicere aliquem de possessione
to live on one's means:de suo (opp.alieno)vivere
a sociable, affable disposition:facilitas, faciles mores (De Am. 3. 11)
to turn the conversation on to a certain subject:sermonem inferre de aliqua re
the conversation turned on..:sermo incidit de aliqua re
to converse, talk with a person on a subject:sermonem habere cum aliquo de aliqua re (De Am. 1. 3)
to exchange greetings:inter se consalutare (De Or. 2. 3. 13)
to congratulate a person on something:gratulari alicui aliquid orde aliqua re
to separate, be divorced (used of man or woman):nuntium remittere alicui (De Or. 1. 40)
disinherited:exheres paternorum bonorum (De Or. 1. 38. 175)
to introduce a thing into our customs; to familiarise us with a thing:in nostros mores inducere aliquid (De Or. 2. 28)
to transact, settle a matter with some one:transigere aliquid (de aliqua re) cum aliquo orinter se
to subtract something from the capital:de capite deducere (vid. sect. XII. 1, noteNotice too...)aliquid
to demand an account, an audit of a matter:rationem ab aliquo reptere de aliqua re (Cluent. 37. 104)
credit has disappeared:fides (de foro) sublata est (Leg. Agr. 2. 3. 8)
to have pecuniary difficulties:laborare de pecunia
as you sow, so will you reap:ut sementem feceris, ita metes (proverb.) (De Or. 2. 65)
to plant trees:arbores serere (De Sen. 7. 24)
to have the good of the state at heart:bene, optime sentire de re publica
to have the good of the state at heart:omnia de re publica praeclara atque egregia sentire
the head of the state:rector civitatis (De Or. 1. 48. 211)
statesmanship; political wisdom:prudentia (civilis) (De Or. 1. 19. 85)
to foresee political events long before:longe prospicere futuros casus rei publicae (De Amic. 12. 40)
one of the people:homo plebeius, de plebe
one of the crowd; a mere individual:unus de ore multis
to overthrow a person (cf. sect. IX. 6):aliquem de dignitatis gradu demovere
to overthrow a person (cf. sect. IX. 6):aliquem gradu movere, depellere orde gradu (statu) deicere
deposed from one's high position:de principatu deiectus (B. G. 7. 63)
to contend with some one for the pre-eminence:contendere cum aliquo de principatu (Nep. Arist. 1)
to record in the official tablets (Annales maximi):in album referre (De Or. 2. 12. 52)
to have the same political opinions:idem de re publica sentire
to form a conspiracy:coniurare (inter se) de c. Gerund. orut...
to banish a person, send him into exile:de, e civitate aliquem eicere
to expel a person from the city, country:exterminare (ex) urbe, de civitate aliquem (Mil. 37. 101)
a returning from exile to one's former privileges:postliminium (De Or. 1. 40. 181)
to shake hands with voters in canvassing:manus prensare (De Or. 1. 24. 112)
to give up, lay down office (usually at the end of one's term of office):de potestate decedere
men of rank and dignity:viri clari et honorati (De Sen. 7. 22)
a man who has held many offices:honoribus ac reipublicae muneribus perfunctus (De Or. 1. 45)
to offically proclaim (by thepraeco, herald) a man elected consul; to return a man consul:aliquem consulem renuntiare (De Or. 2. 64. 260)
to consult the senators on a matter:patres (senatum) consulere de aliqua re (Sall. Iug. 28)
the senate inclines to the opinion, decides for..:senatus sententia inclīnat ad... (De Sen. 6. 16)
what is your opinion:quid de ea re fieri placet?
to waive one's right:de iure suo decedere orcedere
to hold an inquiry into a matter:quaerere aliquid orde aliqua re
to examine a person, a matter:quaestionem habere de aliquo, de aliqua re orin aliquem
to have a person tortured:quaerere tormentis de aliquo
to examine slaves by torture:de servis quaerere (in dominum)
counsel; advocate:patronus(causae) (De Or. 2. 69)
to strike a person's name off the list of the accused:eximere de reis aliquem
to accuse a person of extortion (to recover the sums extorted):postulare aliquem repetundarum orde repetundis
to accuse some one of illegal canvassing:accusare aliquem ambitus, de ambitu
to accuse a person of violence, poisoning:accusare aliquem de vi, de veneficiis
to decide on the conduct of the case:iudicare causam (de aliqua re)
to exact a penalty from some one:supplicium sumere de aliquo
to atone for something by..:luerealiquid aliqua re (De Sen. 20)
to execute the death-sentence on a person:supplicium sumere de aliquo
to congratulate a person on his victory:victoriam orde victoria gratulari alicui
to triumph over some one:triumphare de aliquo (ex bellis)
to triumph over some one:triumphumagere de orex aliquo or c. Gen. (victoriae, pugnae)
to treat with some one about peace:agere cum aliquo de pace
to stop rowing; to easy:sustinere, inhibere remos (De Or. 1. 33)
to land, disembark:exire ex, de navi
not to mention..:ut non (nihil) dicam de...
this can be said of..., applies to..:hoc dici potest de aliqua re
I have a few words to say on this:mihi quaedam dicenda sunt de hac re
more of this another time:sed de hoc alias pluribus
so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..:atque haec quidem de...
so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..:ac (sed) de ... satis dixi, dictum est
I am sorry to hear..:male (opp.bene)narras (de)
but enough:sed manum de tabula!
de inEnrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025),Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
Arthur E. Gordon,The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 ofUniversity of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."
^(2012) The Unicode Consortium,The Unicode Standard: Version 6.1 – Core Specification.→ISBN, page 468; citing: (1985) Geoffrey Sampson,Writing Systems: A Linguistic Introduction, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.→ISBN.
Dative and accusative are sometimes called 'object case'. However, most (if not all) dialects have not actually merged these two.
There is the only plural article and like English 'the' is used for nouns of every gender and class. Indefinite nouns in plural are used without article, again as in English.
Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions.Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject formhat is now rarely used. Inreflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual formswat / unk andjat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.
While the feminine gender has generally been merged into the neuter, a certain number of traditionally feminine nouns still alternatively take the reduced definite articlea alongsideat. The form't isenclitic and occurs only after prepositions.
Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008),Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[21], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
definite article, equivalent to "the", used before adjectives used with plural nouns; also used before adjectives converted to nouns. Usually capitalised as "De" when used in proper nouns.
Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “de”, inCorpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
Manuel Ferreiro (2014–2025) “de”, inUniverso Cantigas. Edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa (in Galician), A Coruña:University of A Coruña,→ISSN
c.845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26b7
De dliguth trá inna n-il-toimdden sin, is de gaibthi “igitur”;quasi dixisset “Ní fail ní nád taí mo dligeth-sa fair i ndegaid na comroircnech.”
Of the law then, of those many opinions, it is thereof that he recites “igitur”; as if he had said, “There is nothing which my law does not touch upon after the erroneous ones.
c.845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26b7
De dliguth trá inna n-il-toimdden sin, isde gaibthi “igitur”;quasi dixisset “Ní fail ní nád taí mo dligeth-sa fair i ndegaid na comroircnech.”
Of the law then, of those many opinions, it isthereof that he recites “igitur”; as if he had said, “There is nothing which my law does not touch upon after the erroneous ones.
Used after the comparative degree of an adjective in the meaning of English“the” before a comparative
líade ―the more (literally, “more of it”)
c.800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 23d23
Cía thés hí loc bes ardu, ní ardude; ní samlid són dúnni, air ⟨im⟩mi ardu-nide tri dul isna lucu arda.
Though he may go into a higher place, he is notthe higher; this is not the case for us, for we arethe higher through going into the high places.
(literally, “Though he may go into a place that is higher, he is not higherof it; this is not thus for us, for we are higherof it through going into the high places.”)
Et dixieron los ſabios en el librode las piedras que la uerde atal uirtut. que quien la engaſtonare en ſortija. la traxiere conſigo. nõ aura la enfermedat a que dizen ydropiſia.
And in theBook of Stones the wise men claimed that the green stone possesses such virtue that he who mounts it on a ring and has it with him will not suffer from the illness they call dropsy.
Al dia ſeteno dixierõ lo ellos aſãſõ. Q̃ es mas dulce q̃ la miel o q̃l es mas fuertedel leon. dixo ſãpſõ. Si nõ araſſedes cõ mẏ uaq̃ella. nõ ſoltariedes mi adeuinãçiella.
On the seventh day, they said to Samson, “What is sweeter than honey? Or what is strongerthan a lion?” Samson said, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my little riddle!”
Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “de”, inPalula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[23], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives,→ISBN
When followed by an article, a pronoun, a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, or an adverb denoting location,de is combined with the next word to give the following combined forms:
^In the meaning of “if”,de is not typically directly followed by any word other than a verb, a pronoun (accusative or reflexive, but not nominative) or the wordnu(“no”). The more common and style-neutraldacă is under no such restrictions.
^As an informal synonym ofîncât,de is used in simple constructions without any coordinative adverbs likeatât,așa(“so”); therefore, a part of the sentence (“so much”, “so hard”, etc.) is missing and must be inferred.Încât andcă, while equivalent in meaning, require a coordinative adverb and so are not readily interchangeable withde.Additionally, in these constructionsde is normally directly followed by the predicate (including any reflexive prounouns, direct object pronouns or indirect object pronouns). Thus,Vântul bate de se îndoaie pomii(“The wind is blowing [so hard] that the trees are bending”) is a typical sentence, whereasVântul bate de pomii se îndoaie is at least unusual.
(informal)Connects an often negative qualifier to a noun or pronoun:of a.
Aici stă un nesuferitde moș. ―Here lives a jerkof an old man.
Prostulde mine, am uitat. ―Foolish me, I forgot.
Stands between two repetitions of a unit of time to mark it as an interval of regular repetition:by.
zide zi ―dayby day, daily
ande an ―yearby year, annualy
Minutde minut se aude semnalul.
The signal is heard every minute.
(literally, “minuteby minute”)
(colloquial)Stands between two reduplications of a noun, with the resulting construction signifying that said noun is distinguished in its class in an impressive way.
Am văzut azi la magazin pantofide pantofi. Bine, aveau și niște prețuride prețuri.
I saw some world-class shoes at the store today. Well, they also had some crazy high prices.
Mi-a venit o ideede idee.
I’ve just had an excellent idea.
Toți se cred șmecheride șmecheri.
They all think they’re some real cool guys.
Indicates a specific train by its origin station.
Trenulde Timișoara face cincisprezece ore până la Iași.
The Timișoara train takes fifteen hours to Iași.
Indicates the recipients of an equal distribution:per.
↑1.01.1In the sense of “from”,de must contract intoîn(“in”) to formdin, intoîntre(“between”) to formdintre, and analogously into all adverbs derived fromîn. The combinationde la islexicalised.
^When in a passive construction,de can be followed bycătre for clarification and to no change in meaning. This is typical of, but not restricted to, formal language.
^Thede that connects numerals to nouns may be omitted, but only in very formal, financial or legal language.
^Of the constructions usingde to mean “because of”, those that are not restricted to colloquial language are those referring to common bodily states:defoame(“because of hunger”),desete(“because of thirst”),defrig(“because of cold”),decald(“because of heat”),defrică(“for fear”),desomn(“for lack of sleep”), as well as with the name of any disease. Informally, an optional correlative sentence can be added using the connectorce.This meaning ofde is very similar to one of the senses ofde la. Most of the time, however, they are not interchangeable:
De can precede either a noun or an adjective, whereasde la only precedes nouns.
When preceding nouns, a cause introduced byde generally represents a feeling that is experienced, while the cause introduced byde la generally represents an event or an activity that worked to lead to a result in a manner understood by itself. Comparede oboseală(“out of exhaustion”) withde la alergat(“from all the running around”,which is understood to have led to exhaustion).
The previous point can be disregarded if the determineratâta(“so much”) is prepended to the noun, in which casede is valid either way:de atâta alergat(“from so much running around”).
De is more likely to have negative connotations thande la.
^In the sense of “about”, it can only be used after a verb, and not copulatively (“is about”) or after a noun (“a discussion about”).Despre, however, can be used in any of these situations.
De can replace any form ofcare in the nominative, accusative and dative case.
Nominative:omul care a sosit — omul de a sosit(“The man who arrived”)
Accusative:casa pe care o văd — casa de o văd(“the house which I see”)
Dative:unul căruiai-am plătit — unul dei-am plătit(“one to whom I paid”)
Genitive constructions cannot be expressed withde.
Replacement of accusativecare preceded by a preposition is done with a resumption of the object:filmulla carene-am uitat — filmul dene-am uitatla el(“the film we watched”). Stylistically this is much less desirable.
As a rule,de combines withel to formdel. The exceptions to this are titles and other proper nouns, e.g.El Dorado, in which case the contraction must be omitted:de El Dorado.
In most dialects,de(“they”) anddem(“them”) are no longer distinguished in speech. They are regularly mixed up in writing by native speakers, due to lack of grammatical intuition. The articlede is often mixed up withdem as well.
the, a definite article used in the beginning of noun phrases containing attributive adjectives and nounsin the plural. This article is usedtogether with the definite suffix of the noun to indicate the definiteness of the noun phrase.
The usage notes forden explain how to express "the [adjective] [noun]."
The same type of noun phrases with singular nouns instead useden (common gender) ordet (neuter) for this function. Some definite noun phrases with attributive adjectives may skip these preceding articles. This is the case especially for many lexicalized noun phrases and also for many noun phrases working as proper names of organisations, geographical places, TV shows, events and similar.
Brittiska öarna
The British Isles
Han har varit inne iVita huset
He has been insidethe White House (where "Han har varit inne i det vita huset" would be expected were "Vita huset" not a proper noun)
While the personal pronounde has an object form and a genitive form, the definite articlede is unaffected by the syntactic role of the noun phrase.
Edward A. Kotynski (1988) “Tabaru phonology and morphology”, inWork Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session, volume32, Summer Institute of Linguistics
Complies withvowel harmony; takes the formda with vowels "a, ı, o, u" andde with vowels "e, i, ö, ü."
Although generally linked with the word before in conversations, theTurkish Language Association accepts the joined spelling of the word before with "de" as a misspelling.
The sense "south" comes from the fact that the south is on the right-hand side of a person facing east.[1] Compare the relationship betweencledd(“left”) andgogledd(“north”).
