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dark

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Dark

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishderk, fromOld Englishdeorc, fromProto-West Germanic*derk(“dark”), of uncertain origin, but possibly fromProto-Indo-European*dʰerg-(“dim, dull”), fromProto-Indo-European*dʰer-(“dull, dirty”).

Adjective

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A fairly dark (lacking light) railroad station, with a very dark (lacking light) tunnel beyond
A woman withdark hair and skin.

dark (comparativedarker,superlativedarkest)

  1. Having an absolute or (more often) relative lack oflight.
    Synonyms:dim,gloomy;see alsoThesaurus:dark
    Antonyms:bright,light,lit
    The room was toodark for reading.
    • 1830, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter I, inPaul Clifford. […], volume I, London:Henry Colburn andRichard Bentley, […],→OCLC,page 1:
      It was adark and stormy night, the rain fell in torrents—except at occasional intervals, when it was checked by a violent gust of wind which swept up the streets[…]
    • 1879,R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, inThe Amateur Poacher, London:Smith, Elder, & Co., […],→OCLC:
      They burned the old gun that used to stand in thedark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.
    • 2013 July 20, “Out of the gloom”, inThe Economist, volume408, number8845:
      [Rural solar plant] schemes are of little help to industry or other heavy users of electricity. Nor is solar power yet as cheap as the grid. For all that, the rapid arrival of electric light to Indian villages is long overdue. When the national grid suffers its next huge outage, as it did in July 2012 when hundreds of millions were left in thedark, look for specks of light in the villages.
    1. (of a source oflight)Extinguished.
      Synonyms:doused,out,quenched
      Dark signals should be treated as all-way stop signs.
    2. Deprived ofsight;blind.
      Synonyms:eyeless,sightless,unseeing
  2. Transmitting,reflecting, orreceiving inadequate light to rendertimelydiscernment orcomprehension
    Synonyms:caliginous,darkling,dim,gloomy,lightless,sombre
    Antonyms:luminous,radiant;see alsoThesaurus:shining
  3. (of colour)Dull ordeeper inhue; notbright orlight.
    Synonyms:deep;see alsoThesaurus:dark colour
    Antonyms:bright,light,pale
    My sister’s hair isdarker than mine.
    Her skin grewdark with a suntan.
    • 1910,Emerson Hough, chapter I, inThe Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in herdark eyes. The clear light of the bright autumn morning had no terrors for youth and health like hers.
    • 1977,Agatha Christie, chapter 2, inAn Autobiography, part II, London:Collins,→ISBN:
      If I close my eyes I can see Marie today as I saw her then. Round, rosy face, snub nose,dark hair piled up in a chignon.
  4. Ambiguously orunclearly expressed.
    Synonyms:enigmatic,esoteric,mysterious,obscure,undefined;see alsoThesaurus:arcane
    • c.1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act V, scene ii]:
      What's yourdark meaning, mouse, of this light word?
    • 1594–1597,Richard Hooker, edited byJ[ohn] S[penser],Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby[for Matthew Lownes], published1611,→OCLC,(please specify the page):
      What may seemdark at the first, will afterward be found more plain.
    • 1712 (date written),[Joseph] Addison,Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published1713,→OCLC, Act I, scene i,page 2:
      The Ways of Heav’n aredark and intricate,
      Puzzled in Mazes, and perplext with Errors;
      Our Underſtanding traces ’em in vain,
      Loſt and bewilder’d in the fruitleſs Search;[…]
    • 1741,I[saac] Watts,The Improvement of the Mind: Or, A Supplement to the Art of Logick: […], London: […] James Brackstone, […],→OCLC:
      It is the remark of an ingenious writer, should a barbarous Indian, who had never seen a palace or a ship, view their separate and disjointed parts, and observe the pillars, doors, windows, cornices and turrets of the one, or the prow and stern, the ribs and masts, the ropes and shrouds, the sails and tackle of the other, he would be able to form but a very lame anddark idea of either of those excellent and useful inventions.
    • 1881,John Shairp,Aspects of Poetry:
      thedark problems of existence
  5. Marked by orconducted withsecrecy.
    Synonyms:clandestine,hidden,secret,sinister,surreptitious;see alsoThesaurus:hidden
    dark money
    1. (gambling, of race horses) Having racing capability not widely known.
      • 1831,Benjamin Disraeli,The Young Duke — a moral tale though gay :
        The first favourite was never heard of, the second favourite was never seen after the distance post, all the ten-to-oners were in the rear, andadark horse which had never been thought of, and which the careless St. James had never even observed in the list, rushed past the grand stand in sweeping triumph.
  6. Without moral or spiritual light;sinister,malevolent,malign.
    Synonyms:demonic,malign,sinister;see alsoThesaurus:evil
    adark villain
    adark deed
    • 1667,John Milton, “Book I”, inParadise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […];[a]nd by Robert Boulter […];[a]nd Matthias Walker, […],→OCLC; republished asParadise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […],1873,→OCLC:
      Left him at large to his owndark designs.
  7. Conducive tohopelessness;depressing orbleak.
    Synonyms:dreary,hopeless,negative,pessimistic;see alsoThesaurus:cheerless
    The Great Depression was adark time.
    The film was adark psychological thriller.
  8. (of a time period) Lackingprogress inscience or thearts.
    Synonym:unenlightened
    Thedark ages began after the collapse of the Roman Empire.
    The GreekDark Ages began after the Bronze Age collapse.
    • 1668,John Denham,The Progress of Learning:
      The age wherein he lived wasdark, but he
      Could not want light who taught the world to see.
    • 1837–1839,Henry Hallam,Introduction to the Literature of Europe, in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, volume(please specify |volume=I to IV), London:John Murray, […],→OCLC:
      The tenth century used to be reckoned by mediaeval historians as thedarkest part of this intellectual night.
  9. Extremelysad,depressing, orsomber, typically due to, or marked by, atragic orundesirableevent.
    Synonyms:grievous,mournful;see alsoThesaurus:lamentable,Thesaurus:sad
    September 11, 2001, the day when four terrorist attacks destroyed the Twin Towers and the Pentagon, is often referred to as America’sdark day.
    • 2014 April 1, “Marathon Mementos Remind of Boston'sDark Day”, inNBC News‎[1]:
  10. With emphasis placed on the unpleasant andmacabre aspects of life; said of a work of fiction, a work of nonfiction presented in narrative form, or a portion of either.
    The ending of this book is ratherdark.
    This show is full ofdark humor.
  11. (broadcasting, of a television station)Off the air; nottransmitting.
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Translations
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having an absolute or relative lack of light
hidden, secret
without moral or spiritual light
not bright or light, deeper in hue
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishderk,derke,dirke,dyrke, from the adjective (see above), or possibly from an unrecordedOld English*dierce,*diercu(“dark, darkness”).

Noun

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dark (usuallyuncountable,pluraldarks)

  1. A complete or (more often) partial absence oflight.
    Dark surrounds us completely.
    • c.1603–1606,William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act II, scene i]:
      Here stood he in thedark, his sharp sword out.
    • 1963,Margery Allingham, chapter 17, inThe China Governess: A Mystery, London:Chatto & Windus,→OCLC:
      The face which emerged was not reassuring. It was blunt and grey, the nose springing thick and flat from high on the frontal bone of the forehead, whilst his eyes were narrow slits ofdark in a tight bandage of tissue. […].
    • 2013 July 20, “Out of the gloom”, inThe Economist, volume408, number8845:
      [Rural solar plant] schemes are of little help to industry or other heavy users of electricity. Nor is solar power yet as cheap as the grid. For all that, the rapid arrival of electric light to Indian villages is long overdue. When the national grid suffers its next huge outage, as it did in July 2012 when hundreds of millions were left in thedark, look for specks of light in the villages.
  2. (uncountable)Ignorance.
    We kept him in thedark.
    The lawyer was left in thedark as to why the jury was dismissed.
  3. (uncountable)Nightfall.
    It was afterdark before we got to playing baseball.
  4. A dark shade or dark passage in a painting, engraving, etc.
    • 1695,C[harles] A[lphonse] du Fresnoy, translated byJohn Dryden,De Arte Graphica. The Art of Painting, […], London: […] J[ohn] Heptinstall for W. Rogers, […],→OCLC:
      The lights may serve for a repose to thedarks, and thedarks to the lights.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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a complete or partial absence of light
ignorance
nightfall
dark shade or dark passage
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 3

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FromMiddle Englishderken, fromOld Englishdeorcian, fromProto-West Germanic*derkōn.

Verb

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dark (third-person singular simple presentdarks,present participledarking,simple past and past participledarked)

  1. (intransitive) Togrow orbecome dark,darken.
  2. (intransitive) Toremain in the dark,lurk, lie hidden or concealed.
  3. (transitive) To make dark,darken; toobscure.

See also

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Italian

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishdark.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dark (invariable)

  1. dark (used especially to describe a form of punk music)

References

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  1. ^dark inLuciano Canepari,Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Tarifit

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromMoroccan Arabicدارك(dārak).

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Verb

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dark (Tifinagh spellingⴷⴰⵔⴽ)

  1. (transitive) toachieve, tosucceed
  2. (transitive) topossess, toobtain, toacquire

Conjugation

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This verb needs aninflection-table template.

Derived terms

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