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dar

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Appendix:Variations of "dar"

Languages (47)

Translingual • English

Aragonese • Asturian • Azerbaijani • Catalan • Cimbrian • Cornish • Czech • Dutch • Elfdalian • French • Galician • German • Interlingua • Irish • Italian • Ladino • Lithuanian • Maltese • Mirandese • Northern Kurdish • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Czech • Old Galician-Portuguese • Old High German • Old Irish • Old Polish • Old Spanish • Polish • Portuguese • Romani • Romanian • Romansch • Scots • Scottish Gaelic • Serbo-Croatian • Silesian • Slovak • Slovene • Somali • Spanish • Swedish • Tat • Turkish • Venetan • Yagara

Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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dar

(international standards)ISO 639-2 &ISO 639-3 language code forDargwa.

English

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Etymology 1

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /dɑː(ɹ)/
Audio(Southern England): (file)
Rhymes:-ɑː(ɹ)

Noun

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dar (pluraldars)

(UK, dialect) A fish found in theSevern River; adart ordace.
- 1829,A Concise History and Description of the City and Cathedral of Worcester‎^[2], page100:
  Besides these peculiarities, our river abounds with the usual fresh water fish, such as the roach,dar, flounders, carp, chub, trout, &c.

Etymology 2

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Adverb

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dar (notcomparable)

African-American Vernacular form ofthere.

Noun

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dar (uncountable)

African-American Vernacular form ofthere.

Pronoun

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dar

African-American Vernacular form ofthere.

References

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“dar”, inOneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

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'ard,-ard,ADR,ARD,Ard,DRA,Dra,RAD,RDA,ard,rad,rad.

Aragonese

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Etymology

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Akin toSpanishdar, fromLatindare.

Verb

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dar

give

Asturian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatindare.

Verb

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dar

togive

Conjugation

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Dar's conjugation is mostly identical to the regular first conjugation, but the preterite is similar to the third conjugation. The present subjunctive treats the verb's base infinitive as "deer."

Conjugation ofdar

person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
infinitive		dar
gerundive		dando
participle		m dao,f[Term?],n[Term?],m pl[Term?],f pl[Term?]
indicative	present	do doi	das	da	damos	dais	dán
	imperfect	daba	dabes	daba	dábamos dábemos	dabais dabeis	daben
	preterite	dí	disti diesti	dio	dimos diemos	distis diestis	dieron
	pluperfect	diera diere	dieras dieres	diera diere	diéramos diéremos	dierais diereis	dieran dieren
	future	daré	darás	dará	daremos	daréis	darán
	conditional	daría	daríes	daría	daríamos daríemos	daríais daríeis	daríen
subjunctive	present	dea	deas	dea	deamos	deáis	dean
subjunctive	imperfect	diera diere	dieras dieres	diera diere	diéramos diéremos	dierais diereis	dieran dieren
imperative			da			dai

Reference:http://www.academiadelallingua.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Gramatica_Llingua.pdf

Azerbaijani

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [dɑr]
Audio(Baku): (file)

Etymology 1

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Inherited fromProto-Common Turkic*tār(“narrow”).

Adjective

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dar (comparativedaha dar,superlativeən dar)

narrow
Synonym:enli
daryol ―a narrow road
dardəhliz ―a narrow passage, corridor
tight,too small

Antonyms

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(antonym(s) of“narrow”):geniş,enli
(antonym(s) of“tight”):gen

dar (definite accusativedarı,sound pluraldarlar,broken pluraldiyar)

Related terms

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Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatindare. Replaced bydonar and became adefective verb.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic)[ˈda]
IPA^(key): (Valencia)[ˈdaɾ]
Audio(Catalonia): (file)

Verb

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dar

(obsolete) togive
Synonym:donar

Usage notes

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While not used productively in any present variety, some verb forms ofdar survive in fixed expressions:
dat i beneït(literally“given and blessed”)
dat i rebatut
Déu n'hi do(literally“may God give some”)

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofdar (first conjugation, irregular)

person		singular			plural
infinitive			dar
gerund			dant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		dat		dada
		plural		dats		dades
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	do¹	das¹	da¹	dem	deu	dan¹
	imperfect	dava	daves	dava	dàvem	dàveu	daven
	future	daré	daràs	darà	darem	dareu	daran
	preterite	di	dares	da	dàrem	dàreu	daren
	conditional	daria	daries	daria	daríem	daríeu	darien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	de¹	des¹	de¹	dem	deu	den¹
	imperfect	des	dessis	des	déssim	déssiu	dessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	da¹	de¹	dem	deu	den¹
	negative (no)	—	no des¹	no de¹	no dem	no deu	no den¹

¹Obsolete.

Some forms attested in Old Catalan:

1st person singular present indicative:do
3rd person singular present indicative:do
2nd person plural present indicative:dau
1st person singular present subjunctive:do

Cimbrian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromMiddle High Germander, fromOld High Germander,ther. Cognate withGermander,Dutchdie,Englishthe,Swedishden.Doublet ofdèar(demonstrative pronoun).

Article

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dar

(Luserna, Sette Comuni)the;definite article for two declensions:
1. nominative singular masculine
  Dar mann is stérchor dan 's baip. ―The man is stronger than the woman.
  Dar tòibel hat borlóart in sbantz. ―The devil lost his tail.
2. dative singular feminine
  Bar soin vodar Tezza. ―We're from Tezza (literally, “We're fromthe Tezza.”)

Usage notes

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Note: The genitive case has been largely lost in Cimbrian, howeverdar can function in the genitive (for all numbers and genders) before possessive pronouns, e.g.khuadar maindarn(“cowof mine”).

Declension

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Cimbriandefinite articles
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	dar	de /di	's /z	de /di
accusative	in	de /di	's /z	de /di
dative	me	dar	me	in

Derived terms

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vomme
von(contraction)
vóndar

References

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“dar” inMartalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974),Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013)Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Cornish

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Etymology

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FromOld Cornishdar, fromProto-Brythonic*dar, fromProto-Celtic*daru, fromProto-Indo-European*dóru; compareAncient Greekδόρυ(dóru,“tree”).

Pronunciation

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(Revived Middle Cornish)IPA^(key): [daːr]
(Revived Late Cornish)IPA^(key): [dæːr]

Noun

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dar m (pluralderi)

oak
Synonyms:derowen,derwen

Mutation

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Mutation ofdar
unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed	mixed after 'th
dar	dhar	unchanged	tar	tar	tar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Czech

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CzechWikipedia has an article on:

dar

Wikipedia^cs

Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Czechdar, fromProto-Slavic*darъ.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ˈdar]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ar

Noun

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dar m inan

gift,present,donation
věnovatdar ―to give adonation
poskytovatdary ―to givegifts

Declension

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Declension ofdar (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	dar	dary
genitive	daru	darů
dative	daru	darům
accusative	dar	dary
vocative	dare	dary
locative	daru	darech
instrumental	darem	dary

Related terms

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Dutch

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Etymology

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Inherited fromMiddle Dutchdarne, by metathesis fromdorne, fromOld Dutch*drān, fromProto-West Germanic*drānu, fromProto-Germanic*drēnuz.Doublet ofdrone.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /dɑr/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation:dar
Rhymes:-ɑr

Noun

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dar m (pluraldarren,diminutivedarretje n)

drone(non-working male bee, ant or wasp)

Anagrams

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Elfdalian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Norseþar, fromProto-Germanic*þar. Cognate withSwedishdär.

Adverb

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dar

there, in that place

Conjunction

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dar

where(relative)
when(relative)
since,because

French

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Etymology

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Verlan derived fromhard.

Pronunciation

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Audio(France (Vosges)): (file)
Audio(France (Brétigny-sur-Orge)): (file)
Audio(France (Lyon)): (file)
Audio(France (Somain)): (file)

Adjective

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dar (invariable)

(Verlan) hard
(Verlan) hot
(Verlan) rad

Galician

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Galician-Portuguesedar(“to give”), fromLatindare, fromProto-Italic*didō, fromProto-Indo-European*dédeh₃ti, from the root*deh₃-(“give”).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈdaɾ/[ˈd̪aɾ]
Rhymes:-aɾ

Verb

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dar (first-person singular presentdou,first-person singular preteritedei,past participledado)
dar (first-person singular presentdou,first-person singular preteritedei,past participledado,reintegrationist norm)

(ditransitive) togive
tohit
(intransitive) tostart (a new, repeated activity, or a new state); tofall for [withen]
- 1697, Fabián Pardiñas,Eu oín a meus avós:
  Tolaje serà meterme
  Na Teologia Sagrada;
  Perodei nesta tolaje,
  Porque os juezes cai en gracia.
  Foolishness will be to meddle
  With Sacred Theology;
  But Ifell for this foolishness,
  Because the judges liked me
(intransitive) tohit[withen]

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofdar (irregular)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el /ela /Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles /elas /Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	dar
Personal	dar	dares	dar	darmos	dardes	daren
Gerund
	dando
Past participle
Masculine	dado			dados
Feminine	dada			dadas
Indicative
Present	dou	dás	dá	damos	dades	dan
Imperfect	daba	dabas	daba	dabamos	dabades	daban
Preterite	dei	deches	deu	demos	destes	deron
Pluperfect	dera	deras	dera	deramos	derades	deran
Future	darei	darás	dará	daremos	daredes	darán
Conditional	daría	darías	daría	dariamos	dariades	darían
Subjunctive
Present	dea	deas	dea	deamos	deades	dean
Imperfect	dese	deses	dese	désemos	désedes	desen
Future	der	deres	der	dermos	derdes	deren
Imperative
Affirmative		dá	dea	deamos	dade	dean
Negative (non)		non deas	non dea	non deamos	non deades	non dean

Reintegrated conjugation ofdar (irregular) (SeeAppendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti /tu)	Third-person (ele /ela /você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles /elas /vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	dar
Personal	dar	dares	dar	darmos	dardes	darem
Gerund
	dando
Past participle
Masculine	dado			dados
Feminine	dada			dadas
Indicative
Present	dou	dás	dá	damos	dades,dais	dam,dão
Imperfect	dava	davas	dava	dávamos	dávades,dáveis,dávais¹	davam
Preterite	dei	deste,deche¹	deu	demos	destes	dérom,deram
Pluperfect	dera	deras	dera	déramos	dérades,déreis,dérais¹	deram
Future	darei	darás	dará	daremos	daredes,dareis	darám,darão
Conditional	daria	darias	daria	daríamos	daríades,daríeis,daríais¹	dariam
Subjunctive
Present	dê	dês	dê	demos	dedes,deis	dem,deem
Imperfect	desse	desses	desse	déssemos	déssedes,désseis	dessem
Future	der	deres	der	dermos	derdes	derem
Imperative
Affirmative		dá	dê	demos	dade,dai	dem,deem
Negative (nom)		nom dês	nom dê	nom demos	nom dedes,nom deis	nom dem,nom deem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

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dar conta

References

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Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González;Granja, María Álvarez de la;Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “dar”, inDicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “dar”, inCorpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “dar”, inDicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández,Ernesto Xosé González Seoane,María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “dar”, inTesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “dar”, inTesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega,→ISSN

German

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld High Germandār. Seedar-.Doublet ofda.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /daːɐ̯/
Audio(Germany (Berlin)): (file)

Adverb

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dar

(archaic)only used indarstellen etc.

Interlingua

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Verb

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dar

togive

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofdar
participle		present	perfect
infinitive		dar
participle		dante	date

active		simple	perfect
	present	da	ha date
	past	dava	habeva date
	future	dara	habera date
	conditional	darea	haberea date
	imperative	da	—

passive		simple	perfect
	present	es date	haessite date
	past	esseva date	habevaessite date
	future	essera date	haberaessite date
	conditional	esserea date	habereaessite date
	imperative	sia date	—

Irish

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Etymology 1

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Fusion ofdo(“to, for”) orde(“from”) with the copular particlear.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /d̪ˠaɾˠ/

Particle

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dar (before a vowel in the present/futuredarb,before a vowel in the past/conditionaldarbh)(used before a consonant sound; triggerslenition in the past/conditional)

to/for which/whom is
an feardar miste é ―the man to whom it matters
to/for which/whom was/would be
an feardar mhiste é ―the man to whom it mattered
from which/whom is
from which/whom was/would be

Related terms

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Irish copular forms
simple copular forms
		affirmative	negative	interrogative	negative interrogative
present/future
main clause		is	ní	an	nach
relative clause	direct	is	nach	–
relative clause	indirect	ar,arb^v		–
other subordinate clause		gur,gurb^v		an	nach
past/conditional
main clause		ba,b’^v	níor,níorbh^v	ar,arbh^v	nár,nárbh^v
relative clause	direct	ba,ab^v	nár,nárbh^v	–
relative clause	indirect	ar,arbh^v		–
other subordinate clause		gur,gurbh^v		ar,arbh^v	nár,nárbh^v
present subjunctive
–		gura,gurab^v	nára,nárab^v	–

compound copular forms
base word		present/future		past/conditional
cá		cár,cárb^v		cár,cárbh^v
cé		cér,cérb^v		cér,cérbh^v
dá		–		dá mba,dá mb’^v
de/do		dar,darb^v		dar,darbh^v
faoi		faoinar,faoinarb^v		faoinar,faoinarbh^v
i		inar,inarb^v		inar,inarbh^v
le		lenar,lenarb^v		lenar,lenarbh^v
má		más		mába,máb’^v
mura		mura,murab^v		murar,murarbh^v
ó(preposition)		ónar,ónarb^v		ónar,ónarbh^v
ó(conjunction)		ós		óba,ób’^v
trí		trínar,trínarb^v		trínar,trínarbh^v

^v Used before vowel sounds

Irish preposition contractions
	contracted with							copular forms
base form	an(“the sg”)	na(“the pl”)	mo(“my”)	do(“your”)	a(“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár(“our”)	ar(“which (past)”)	before a consonant	before a vowel
base form	an(“the sg”)	na(“the pl”)	mo(“my”)	do(“your”)	a(“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár(“our”)	ar(“which (past)”)	before a consonant	present/future	past/conditional
de(“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded,det	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do(“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod,dot	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi(“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i(“in”)	sa,san	sna	i mo im*	i do id,it	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le(“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led,let	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó(“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód,ót	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí(“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh

*dialectal

Etymology 2

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Derived fromOld Irishdar, alternative form oftar.Doublet ofthar(“over”).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /d̪ˠaɾˠ/
(Ulster)IPA^(key): /d̪ˠɪɾʲ/^[1]

Preposition

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dar (plus dative,triggers no mutation)

by(in asseverations)
dar Dia! ―by God!
dar m'anam! ―upon my soul!

Derived terms

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dar le

References

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^Quiggin, E. C. (1906),A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page101

Italian

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Verb

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dar (apocopated)

apocopic form ofdare

Anagrams

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Ladino

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Spanishdar(“to give”), fromLatindare, fromProto-Italic*didō, fromProto-Indo-European*dédeh₃ti, from the root*deh₃-(“give”).

Pronunciation

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Audio(Paris): (file)

Verb

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dar (Hebrew spellingדאר)^[1]

(transitive) togive(grant)
- 1982, Enrique Saporta y Beja,En torno de la torre blanca‎^[3], Editions Vidas Largas,page 3:
  Penso entonses adar la notisya a sus paryentes i a su suegro Hayim Pacha.
  She then thought togive notice to her relatives and her brother-in-law Hayim Pacha.
- 2001,Aki Yerushalayim‎^[4], volume22,page82:
  O porke el ke se empresto el livro se olvida, o porke se averguensa dedarlo atras manchado o arazgado, o mizmo porke, segun akontese munchas vezes, el es un bibliofil para el kual es difisil de separarse de un livro ke le paso por la mano, el fakto es ke por una o otra de estas razones i munchas mas, los livros emprestados a otros raramente tornan a sus lugar, en la biblioteka del ken los empresto.
  Either because he who lent the book forgot it, or because it shames one togive it back stained or torn, or even because, as it happens many times, he is a bibliophile for whom it is difficult to separate himself from a book that spent time in his hand, the fact is that for one or another of these reasons and many more, books lent to others rarely return to their place: in the library of who borrowed them.
- 2005,La Lettre Sépharade‎^[5], numbers20–31,→ISBN,page23:
  Sulucha, tedare un konsejo de nikochera: por sedaka, no tengas trato ni kon politikos, ni kon ombres kazados.
  Sulucha, I'llgive you housewife advice: for charity, don't deal with either politicians or with married men.
- 2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano,Por el plazer de kontar‎^[6],page293:
  Telefoní a “Kupat Holim” imediatamente,dieron la mizma repuesta:
  "Kale ke vengas para alhat al doktor del kuero"
  I immediately telephoned “Kupat Holim”; theygave me the same response: ‘It is necessary that you go to the skin doctor on Sunday.’
- 2009,ירון בן־נאה,תורכיה‎^[7],משרד החינוך, המזכירות הפדגוגית, המרכז לשילוב מורשת יהדות המזרח,page190:
  “Sera komo un arvol plantado serka de la agua ke sus raizes estan asta el rio, raizes munças, no syente kalor, sus ojas kedan syempre freskas, no sufre en el anyo de sekura, i nunka keda dedar su fruto”.
  ‘It shall be like a tree planted near water[in] that its roots, many roots, stretch to the river; it feels no heat, its always keeps it leaves fresh, not suffering in the year of drought, and it never ceases togive fruit.’

Conjugation

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conjugation ofdar

number		singular			plural
infinitive			dar
gerund			dando
participle			dado
person		first person	second person	third person	first person	second person	third person
indicative		yo	tu	el eya	mozotros mozotras	vozotros vozotras	eyos eyas
	simple present	do	das	da	damos	dash	dan
	imperfect	dava	davas	dava	dávamos	davash	davan
	preterite	di	dates	dyo, dio	dimos	datesh	dyeron, dieron
	future	dare, daré	darás	dará	daremos	darásh	darán
	conditional	dariya	dariyas	dariya	dariyamos	dariyash	dariyan
subjunctive		yo	tu	el eya	mozotros mozotras	vozotros vozotras	eyos eyas
	present	dé	des	dé	demos	desh	den
	past	dyera, diera	dyeras, dieras	dyera, diera	dyéramos, diéramos	dyerash, dierash	dyeran, dieran
imperative		—		—	—		—
	affirmative	(dé)	da	(dé)	(demos)	da, dad	(den)
	negativo	(no dé)	no des	(no dé)	(no demos)	no desh	(no den)

References

[edit]

^“dar”, inTrezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola [Treasure of the Judeo-Spanish Language] (in Ladino, Hebrew, and English), Instituto Maale Adumim

Lithuanian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Cognate withLithuaniandabar(“now”),Armenianդեռ(deṙ,“still, yet”),Proto-Slavic*dobrъ(“good, suitable”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dar/

Adverb

[edit]

dár^[1]

yet;still
some more;still more
Mán rei̇̃kiadárpi̇́eno.
I needmore milk.
else, if not (often or ever followed by subjunctive)
Kai̇̃p tadàdárbū́tų gãlima tai̇̃išsprę́sti?
How else could I solve it?

Antonyms

[edit]

(antonym(s) of“yet”):jau

Conjunction

[edit]

dar

yet;still

References

[edit]

^“dar” in Balčikonis, Juozas et al. (1954),Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas. Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla.

Maltese

[edit]

Root
d-w-r
10 terms

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /daːr/
Homophone:dahar
Rhymes:-aːr

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromArabicدَار(dār).

Noun

[edit]

dar f (pluraldjar,diminutivedwejra)

Etymology 2

[edit]

FromArabicدَارَ(dāra).

Verb

[edit]

dar (imperfectjdur,past participlemidur)

(intransitive) toturn; toveer; to change direction
(intransitive) towander; to walk about; totravel

Conjugation

[edit]

Conjugation ofdar(Form I)
positive forms
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	dort	dort	dar	dorna	dortu	daru
perfect	f	dort	dort	daret	dorna	dortu	daru
imperfect	m	ndur	ddur	jdur	nduru	dduru	jduru
imperfect	f	ndur	ddur	ddur	nduru	dduru	jduru
imperative			dur			duru

Mirandese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromLatindare.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈdaɾ/[ˈd̪aɾ]
Rhymes:-aɾ
Syllabification:dar

Verb

[edit]

dar (first-person singular presentdou,first-person singular preteritedei,past participledado)

(transitive) togive, togive out
(transitive) tohand over
(transitive) tofind[withcun]
(transitive) torealize[withpor]
(transitive) to beuseful, to beappropriate[withpara]
(intransitive) tosuffice

Conjugation

[edit]

Conjugation ofdar (irregular)

		singular			plural
infinitive			dar
gerund			dando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		dado		dada
		plural		dados		dadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
personal non-finite		you	tu	el/eilha	nós	bós	eilhes/eilhas
personal non-finite	infinitive	dar	dares	dar	darmos	dardes	dáren

indicative		you	tu	el/eilha	nós	bós	eilhes/eilhas
	present	dou	dás	dá	damos	dais	dan
	imperfect	daba	dabas	daba	dábamos	dábades	dában
	preterite	dei	deste	dou	demos	destes	dórun
	pluperfect	dira	diras	dira	díramos	dírades	díran
	future	darei	darás	dará	daremos	dareis	daran
	conditional	darie	daries	darie	dariemos	dariedes	darien

subjunctive		you	tu	el/eilha	nós	bós	eilhes/eilhas
	present	deia,dé	deias,dé	deia,dê	déiamos,demos	déiades,deis	déian,den
	imperfect	disse	disses	disse	díssemos	díssedes	díssen
	future	dir	dires	dir	dirmos	dirdes	díren

imperative		you	tu	el/eilha	nós	bós	eilhes/eilhas
imperative	affirmative	—	dá	—	—	dai	—

Derived terms

[edit]

dar a las trancas(“to run away”)
dar an pantanas
dar cabe
dar camino
dar cuonta
dar de corpo(“to defecate”)
dar fé
dar no binte(“to guess correctly”)
dar parte

References

[edit]

Moisés, Pires (2004), “dar”, inPequeno vocabulário Mirandês-Português [Small Mirandese-Portuguese Vocabulary], 2nd edition, Miranda do Douro: Câmara Municipal de Miranda do Douro, published2019,→ISBN, page224.

Northern Kurdish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Related toPersianدار(dâr).

Noun

[edit]

dar f

(botany)tree

Norwegian Nynorsk

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromOld Norseþar.

Adverb

[edit]

dar

(obsolete)there (alternative spelling ofder).
Han buddedar all dan stund han livde.
He livedthere his entire life.

References

[edit]

Nynorskkorpuset - search for 'dar'
“der” inThe Bokmål Dictionary /The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Czech

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): (13^th CE)/ˈdar/
IPA^(key): (15^th CE)/ˈdar/

Noun

[edit]

dar m inan

gift

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofdar (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	dar	dary	daři,darové
genitive	dara,daru	darú	daróv
dative	daru	daroma	daróm
accusative	dar	dary	dary
vocative	daře	dary	daři,darové
locative	dařě,daru	darú	dařiech
instrumental	darem	daroma	dary

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.

Descendants

[edit]

Czech:dar

Old Galician-Portuguese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromLatindare, fromProto-Italic*didō, fromProto-Indo-European*dédeh₃ti, from the root*deh₃-(“give”).

Verb

[edit]

dar

(transitive) togive(hand over)
- 1277, “San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Colección Diplomática”, in Manuel Lucas Alvarez, Pedro Pablo Lucas Domínguez, editors,Liceo franciscano: revista de estudio e investigación, volume42, numbers124–126 (overall work in Spanish), Santiago: Caixa Galicia, published1989,→ISSN, page411:
  damus e outorgamus a uos[…]Ia leyra derdade que abemus en Eires como departe pe-la leyra do casal de Cima de Villa en o qual mora Domingo Eanes, e da outra parte pe-los marcos que y estan chantados, e da outra parte pe-la careyra, e da outra parte pe-la pedra que esta en fondo desta leira; conuen a saber que vos fazades esta leira Ia cassa pera lagar e non fazades en ela outra casa nenuna nen poombal, nen tolades o carril da uila
  wegive and grant you a field that we have in Eires, as it departs from the farm of Cimadevila where Domigo Eanes lives, in the other side by the boundary stones that are thrusted there, in the other side by the road, and in the other side by the rock that is at the end of this field; and you shall build in this field a winery, but you should not build there any other house or dovecote, nor should you occupy the road to the village
- 1287, “El monasterio de San Salvador de Sobrado de Trives”, in E. Duro Peña, editor,Archivos Leoneses,21, 49, page 72:
  dardes cada ano abbadesa do sobredito moesteyro un jantar neste guisa sosu[ditadar]desnos dous carneyros boos e tres cabritos e V galinnas e pan de centeo que auonde a nosa conpana e V teegas de çeuada por teega [dereita e] se for en inuernodardesnos para este jantar un porco boo que ualea un mr. de boa moeda e tres cabritos e V galinnas
  You shallgive this monastery’s abbess a dinner each year in this way: two good rams and three kids and five hens and rye bread enough for our retinue and 5 bushels of barley, correctly measured; and if it happens to be winter you shallgive us for this dinner a good pig, valued in three maravedis of good coinage, and three kids and five hens.
- 13th century, Pero Gomes Barroso,[Pero Lourenço, comprastes]; republished asAngelo Colocci, compiler,Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy,c.1525–1526,cantiga 1441:
  Poys vꝮ nõderõ hy orto
  Because no onegave you a vegetable garden there.
- 1448, X. Ferro Couselo, editor,A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page295:
  Iten, Johán Cortido, vesiño da çidade d’Ourense, et sua ama diseron, por lo dito juramento que feito avyan, que omes de Aluaro de Taboa[da] que lle lleuaron e tomaron do seu lugar de Casa Noua sete mantas e hun alfamare e tres sabaas de cama et hun pano de cabeça et quatro toucas et hun sodario et viinte e duas maranas de fiado delgado et seys bincos de prata et huas doas de viinte pares de doas et hun leitón, por que lledauan dosentos mrs, et seys sacos et dous coitellos de mesa et çen mrs vellos en diñeiros, et tres capilejos et dous vntos, et dous legóos nouos et hun espeto et hua fouçe et hun caldeiro de cobre et hun manto vermello et hua sabaa, e que todo lle tomaran e que a apancaran e que a encheran de couçes
  Item, Xoán Cortido, citizen of the city of Ourense, and his housekeeper, told, under the oath that they had done, that men of Álvaro de Taboada took from them and took in their place of Casa Nova: seven blankets, a quilt, three bedsheets, a cloth for the head, and four shawls and a shroud and twenty two skeins of thin yarn and six silver earrings and twenty pairs of beads and a sucking piglet, for which they wouldgive two hundred maravedis, and six bags and two table knives and a hundred old maravedis in coins, and three coifs and two lards, and two new hoes and a roasting skewer and a sickle and a copper cauldron and a red robe and a sheet, and that all this they took and that they beat her up and filled her with kicks.

Conjugation

[edit]

Conjugation ofdar

gerund		compound		gerund ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
infinitive				dar
gerund		simple		dando
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		dado		dados
		feminine		dada		dadas
present participle				dante		dantes
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	dou,don	dás	dá	damos	dades	dan
	imperfect	dava	davas	dava	davamos,dávamos	davades,dávades	davan
	preterite	dei,di,din	deste,diste,desche,dische,deche,diche	déu,dou,déo	demos	destes	deron
	pluperfect	dera	deras	dera	deramos,déramos	derades,dérades	deran
	future	darei	darás	dará	daremos	daredes	darán
	conditional	daria	darias	daria	dariamos,daríamos	dariades,daríades	dirian
compound tenses	present perfect	present ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
	past anterior	preterite ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
	pluperfect anterior	simple pluperfect ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
	future perfect	future ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
subjunctive mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	dé,dê,dea,dia	dês,deas,dias	dé,dê,dea,dia	demos,deamos,diamos	dedes,deades,diades	den,dean,dian
	imperfect	desse	desses	desse	dessemos,déssemos	dessedes,déssedes	dessen
	future	der	deres	der	dermos	derdes	deren
compound tenses	present perfect	present subjunctive ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
	future perfect	future subjunctive ofhaver ortẽer¹ + past participle
imperative mood		—	tu	—	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	—
affirmative		—	dá	—	demos,deamos,diamos	dade	—
negative		—	non dês,non deas,non dias	—	non demos,non deamos,non diamos	non dedes,non deades,non diades	—
personal infinitive		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
personal infinitive		dar	dares	dar	darmos	dardes	daren
¹Teer andter were also used, although all three were less common thanhaver.

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Fala:dal
Galician:dar
Portuguese:dar (see there for further descendants)

References

[edit]

Ferreiro, Manuel (2014–2025), “dar”, inUniverso Cantigas: edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa [Universo Cantigas: critical edition of Galician-Portuguese medieval poetry] (in Galician), A Coruña:University of A Coruña,→ISSN
Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González;Granja, María Álvarez de la;Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “dar”, inDicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “dar”, inCorpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2020–2025), “dar”, inVocabulário histórico-cronológico do português medieval [Historical and chronological vocabulary of Medieval Portuguese] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro:Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa

Old High German

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromProto-West Germanic*þār, fromProto-Germanic*þar, whence also Old Englishþær, Old Norseþar.

Adverb

[edit]

dār

there

Descendants

[edit]

German:da,dar-
Yiddish:דאָ(do)

Old Irish

[edit]

Preposition

[edit]

dar

alternative form oftar

Derived terms

[edit]

dar cenn

Old Polish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European*deh₃-

Proto-Indo-European*-r̥

Proto-Indo-European*dóh₃r̥

Proto-Indo-European*-os

Proto-Indo-European*déh₃rom

Proto-Balto-Slavic*dōˀra

Proto-Slavic*dȃrъ

Old Polishdar

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*dȃrъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE)/daːr/
IPA^(key): (15^th CE)/dɒr/

Noun

[edit]

dar m inan (diminutivedarek)

(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca)gift,present,offering(physical object given)
- c.1301-1350,Kazania świętokrzyskie‎^[8],Miechów, pagecv 33:
  [D]ary iemu vsdaly, bo crol scedreysy
  [Dary jemu wzdali, bo krol szczedrzejszy]
- c.1301-1350,Kazania świętokrzyskie‎^[9],Miechów, page dr 3:
  [Krol[…] człowieka][…] cadidlem[…], mirrø[…] bøde darouach y pres tidari milosc sina deuicego moze otrimach
  [[Krol[…] człowieka][…] kadzidłem[…], mirrą[…] będzie darować i przez tydary miłość Syna dziewiczego może otrzymać]
- Beginning of the 15th century,Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina,Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[10],Krakow, page 2b:
  Do milego Xa szøcz ony s velikimydary bily przygachaly
  [Do miłego Krysta sąć oni s wielikimidary byli przyjachali]
- Beginning of the 15th century,Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina,Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[11],Krakow, pagegl. 70b:
  Allecz moua vasa adary vase sø my gako proch, grosa gako ogzen na scene napysani
  [Aleć mowa wasza adary wasze są mi jako proch, groza jako ogień na ścienie napisany]
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors,Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎^[12],Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages25, 10:
  W gichsze røku lichoti sø, prawicza gich napelnona iestdarow
  [W jichże ręku lichoty są, prawica jich napełniona jestdarow]
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors,Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎^[13],Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages67, 19:
  Wstøpil ies na wisocoscz, iøl ies iøczstwo, wzøl iesdari na ludzoch
  [Wstąpił jeś na wysokość, jął jeś jęcstwo, wziął jeśdary na ludzioch]
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors,Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎^[14],Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages67, 32:
  Od cosczola twego, iensze iest w Ierusalem, tobe offerowacz bødø crolowedari
  [Od kościoła twego, jenże jest w Jerusalem, Tobie oferiować będą królowedary]
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors,Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎^[15],Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages71, 10:
  Crolowe arabszczi y Sabadari prziwodø
  [Krolowie arabszczy i Sabadary przywiodą]
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors,Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎^[16],Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages75, 11:
  Obeczuycze y napelnaycze gospodnu bogu waszemu wszitczi, gisz ocolo iego nosyczedari
  [Obiecujcie i napełniajcie Gospodnu Bogu waszemu wszytcy, jiż około jego nosiciedary]
- 1424,Kanon mszy św., Canon missae., volume III, page59:
  Obyatuyemi przeszwyatley dostoynosczy, wyelebnosczy twoyey s swychdarow y teesz danych obyatø czystø
  [Obiatujemy przeświatłej dostojności, wielebności twojej z twychdarow i też danych obiatę czystą]
- 1424,Kanon mszy św., Canon missae., volume III, page60:
  Yako prziyøthe ymeecz raczyl yesz obyatø,dari offyari, dzeczancza twego sprawedliwego Abel
  [Jako przyjęte imieć raczył jeś obiatę,dary ofiary, dziecięcia twego sprawiedliwego Abel]
- 1424,Kanon mszy św., Canon missae., volume III, page67:
  Yeesz czyalo vsty przyyølysmi, pane, czystø mislø y duschszø przymymi a zdaru czassznego bąndz naam lekarstwo wyeczne
  [Jeż ciało usty przyjęlismy, Panie, czystą myślą i duszą przyjmijmy a zdaru czasnego bądź nam lekarstwo wieczne]
- 1885-2024 [1444], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors,Prace Filologiczne‎^[17], volume V,Kurów (Bochnia), page37:
  Panno myla, thobye sza klanam y na thwe zdrowe thim listhem pytham, a szwe powedam[…] Gyma moye thimdarem thobye dawam wedzecz
  [Panno miła, tobie się kłaniam i na twe zdrowie tym listem pytam, a swe powiedam[…] Imię moje tymdarem tobie dawam wiedzieć]
- 1895 [1448–1450],Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński,Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów,Warka, page55:
  V sprawyedlivich sząndzy nye ma[…] laska przewaszycz[…], alye[…] sprawyedlywye skazanye kasdemv mayą vczynycz[…], by nye yako rosproscze swoyey czczy[…] przes laską abo przesdari czso czynyli stronye drvgey na vcząszenye
  [U sprawiedliwych sędzi nie ma[…] łaska przeważyć[…], ale[…] sprawiedliwie skazanie każdemu mają uczynić[…], by nie jako rozproszce swojej czci[…] przez łaskę abo przezdary cso czynili stronie drugiej na uciążenie]
- 1895 [1448–1450],Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński,Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów,Warka, page58:
  Nygenych teszdarow w odzenyv abo w ginszich rzeczach oth nasz owszeyky posczygną
  [Nijednych teżdarow w odzieniu abo w jinszych rzeczach ot nas owszejki postrzygną]
- 1930 [c.1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor,Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎^[18],32, 18:
  Poslalczy gestdari panu swemu Ezau
  [Posłałci jestdary panu swmeu Ezau]
- 1930 [c.1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor,Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎^[19],49, 3:
  Rvben, pyrzworodny moy syn,[…] ti gesz pyrwy wdarach, a wyøczszy w przykazanyu
  [Ruben, pirzworodny moj syn,[…] ty jeś pirwy wdarach, a więcszy w przykazaniu]
- 1930 [c.1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor,Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎^[20],35, 22:
  Kaszdi ssøød zlotydarom boszym wiløczono gest
  [Każdy sąd złotydarom bożymwyłączono jes]
- 1930 [c.1455], “Lev”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor,Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎^[21],5, 13:
  Offerowacz bødze za grzech swoy byalø czyøszcz dzesyøtø ephi[…] Kaplan, gensze nabyerze gey garszcz pelnø y seszsze yø na oltarzy[…], a ostatecznø r[z]ecz bødzye myecz myastodarv
  [Ofierować będzie za grzech swoj białą część dziesiątą efi[…] Kapłan, jenże nabierze jej garść pełną i seżże ją na ołtarzy[…], a ostateczną r[z]ecz będzie mieć miastodary]
- 1930 [c.1455], “Lev”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor,Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎^[22],7, 32:
  Ale grødzy bødø Aaronowy y synom gego, ale prawe piece s pokoynich obyet dostanye syø za pyrwedary kaplanowy
  [Ale grędzi będą Aaronowi i synom jego, ale prawe piece z pokojonych obiet dostanie się za pirwedary kapłanowi]
- 1930 [c.1455], “Num”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor,Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎^[23],18, 6:
  Iaczem dal wam braczø wasze slvgi kosczolovi s posrzotka synow israelskich, a dalczemdar bogv, abi slvzili w slysbye stanv gego
  [Jaciem dał wam bracię wasze sługi kościołowi z pośrzodka wynow izraelskich, a dałciemdar Bogu, aby służyli w służbie stanu jego]
- 1930 [c.1455], “I Mach”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor,Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎^[24],2, 18:
  Bødzesz ti[…] myedzi przyiacyelmy krolyowimy a wzbogaczon srzebrem a zlotem, adari wyelykymy
  [Będziesz ty[…] miedzy przyjacielmi krolowymi, a wzbogacon śrzebrem a złotem, adary wielikimi]
- 1858 [c.1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor,Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6,Poniec, page64:
  Jsz my[…] prawe ortele nadz chczemy[…] thako daleko, yako k themu mamy volnoscz, thego nye chczemy nyzadney rzeczy dladarow, rodu, przyyaszny opusczycz
  [Iż my[…] prawe ortele nać chcemy[…] tako daleko, jako k temu mamy wolność, tego nie chcemy niżadnej rzeczy dladarow, rodu, przyjaźń opuścić]
- 1874-1891 [1466],Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎^{[25],[26],[27]}, volume XXII,Łęczyca, page10:
  Poządayączydarem cupidus
  [Pożądającydarem cupidus]
- 1901 [1463-1465], Jan Rozwadowski, editor,De morte prologus [Rozmowa mistrza Polikarpa ze śmiercią]‎^[28],Mierzeniec,Płock, line339:
  Szandza[…], czo *przewradzal szady vyerne, byerzuncz vyny nyeymyernye, byerzacz oth szloszthnykowdary, szpravyayancz gych *nyevyery, tho wszythko bandze wszyanyono
  [Sędzia[…], co przewracał sądy wierne, bierząc winy nieumiernie, bierząc od złostnikowdary, sprawiając jich *niewiery, to wszytko będzie wsiawiono]
- 1901 [1471],Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page26:
  Kvdarom in donaria
  [Kudarom in donaria]
- 1901 [1471],Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page37:
  Swadziebnychdarow sponsalia
  [Swadziebnychdarow sponsalia]
- 1901 [1471],Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page39:
  Swadziebnedary sponsalia
  [Swadziebnedare sponsalia]
- 1901 [1471],Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page53:
  Wdari in daciones
  [Wdary in daciones]
- 1915 [XV p. post.], Jan Łoś, editor,Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543‎^[29], page539:
  Przyszągam[…] *sprawydlywosczy vszyczacz[…] w tem to prawe, a tego ne opuszczycz ny prze szadną myloszcz, any prze szadną nenawyszcz, any prze szadnydar
  [Przysięgam[…] sprawi[e]dliwości użyczać[…] w tem to prawie, a tego ne opuścić ni prze żadną miłość, ani prze żadną nienawiść, ani prze żadnydar]
- 1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor,Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116,Warsaw, page294:
  A odvorzyvszy skarby svoye, offarovaly yemvdary: szlotho, kadzydlo y mirrą
  [A otworzywszy skarby swoje, ofiarowali jemudary: złoto, kadzidło, i mirrę]
- 1936 [XV p. post.], Stanisław Estreicher, editor,Najstarszy zbiór przywilejów i wilkierzy miasta Krakowa‎^[30],Krakow, page47:
  Dary, datky
  [Dary, datki]
- 1885-2024 [1460], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors,Prace Filologiczne‎^[31], volume IV, page623:
  Dawayacy swąthydar sacrum dans
  [Dawający świętydar sacrum dans]
- c.1500,Wokabularz lubiński,Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page42v:
  Donum est datio eyn gabedar
  [Donum est datio eyn gabedar]
- c.1500,Wokabularz lubiński,Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page114v:
  Relatiua dona oddanedary
  [Relatiua dona oddanedary]
- Middle of the 15th century,Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[32], page76:
  Za yego gvyazda przyschlysmy k nyemv zdary modlycz szye yemv
  [Za jego gwiazdą przyszliśmy k niemu zdary modlić się jemu]
- Middle of the 15th century,Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[33], page95:
  Tocz yest ono dzyeczyatko, o nym szą nam povyedaly ony krolyovye, czo schly przez eypska zyemye schvkayącz yego zdary
  [Toć jest ono dzieciątko, o nim się nam powiedali oni krolowie, co szli przez ejpską ziemię szukając jego zdary]
- Middle of the 15th century,Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[34], page267:
  Nyeszyeslydar tvoy albo tvoyą offyarą kv oltarzovy,[…] ostaw thvoydar albo offyarą przed oltarzem, ydz, vpokorz szye bratv tvemv
  [Niesieszlidar twoj albo twoją ofiarę ku ołtarzowi,[…] ostaw twojdar albo ofiarę przed ołtarzem, idź, upokorz się bratu twemu]
- 1984 [1408], Wiesław Wydra, editor,Chrestomatia staropolska. Teksty do roku 1543‎^[35], page302r:
  Pamøthay mathko, yszesz poth krzyszem stala, kdysz synka rzewno plakala, kegdy czekly krawawe srumene grzesznym ludzem na sbawene, by za namy orødowaladar nam boszy othrzymala. Amen
  [Pamiętaj matko, iżesz pod krzyżem stała, gdyż synka rzewno płakała, kiegdy czekli krwawe srumienie grzesznym luziem na zbawienie, by za nami orędowaładar nam boży otrzymała]
1. (attested in Lesser Poland)gift,present,offering(something immaterial given)
  dar Ducha Świętego ―gift of the Holy Spirit
  - c.1301-1350,Kazania świętokrzyskie‎^[36],Miechów, page dv 1:
    […]abi nas pres tidary crola nebeskego domescily
    [[…]aby nas przez tydary krola niebieskiego domieścili]
  - Beginning of the 15th century,Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina,Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[37],Krakow, page171b:
    Mamy chouacz thy todary, chosz szø nam darmo dany[…], trudno gest ge nam oszobno vyslouicz, allecz ga vam o gednem d[z]arze pouem, chocz gest nam dan, a thocz gest swøthy kresth
    [Mamy chować ty todary, coż są nam darmo dany[…], trudno jest je nam osobno wysłowić. Aleć ja wam o jednem darze powiem, coć jest nam dan, a toć jest święty krzest]
  - Beginning of the 15th century,Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina,Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[38],Krakow, page171b:
    Swøty kresth, a tenczy thodar gest kalsdemv clouekoui dan, tako dobrze gluchemv, gako y nememv
    [Święty krzest, a tenci todar jest kalżdemu człowiekowi dan, tako dobrze głuchemu jako i niememu]
  - Beginning of the 15th century,Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina,Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[39],Krakow, page172a:
    Kako my ten tho boszydar chouamy, gdis szø smerthnego grzecha dopusczamy?
    [Kako my ten to bożydar chowamy, gdyż się śmiertnego grzecha dopuszczamy?]
  - Beginning of the 15th century,Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina,Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[40],Krakow, page172a:
    A pres tho patrszmy tego dobrze, abichom tego boszegodaru ne straczyly
    [A przez to patrzmy tego dobrze, abychom tego bożegodaru nie stracili]
  - Beginning of the 15th century,Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina,Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[41],Krakow, page172a:
    Gdisz geszm ga ten tho dar straczyl, tedycz ga na chczø cynicz vole bosze. A szaprafdø ne masz thy tego vczynicz tegodla, ysze ktoricz clouek thy todary gest straczil, szukagsze gych mylosczyue[…], a tako vøcz ge thy nadzesz presz svøthø spouecz
    [Gdyż jeśm ja ten to dar stracił, tedyć ja nie chcę czynić wole boże. A zaprawdę nie masz ty tego uczynić tegodla, iże ktoryć człowiek ty todary jest stracił, szukajże jich miłościwie[…], a tako więc je ty nadziesz przez świętą spowiedź]
  - 1874-1891 [1444],Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎^{[42],[43],[44]}, volume XXIII, page309:
    Laskauymdarem benigno dono
    [Łaskawymdarem benigno dono]
  - 1874-1891 [XV med.],Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎^{[45],[46],[47]}, volume XXV, page153:
    Emissiones tuedary poszlane
    [Emissiones twedary posłane]
  - 1880-1894 [XV med.],Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności‎^[48], volume V, page262:
    Przedar proroczstwa a dono prophecie
    [Przedar proroczstwa dono prophecie]
  - 1875 [End of the 15th century], Stanisław Motty, editor,Książeczka do nabożeństwa Jadwigi księżniczki polskiej‎^[49],Modlitewnik Nawojki, page106:
    Aby, myly Yesu Kriste, szercze moye poruschyl[…] y moya duscha vczyeschyl wnąthrznym veszelym przeczywko thwemv bozemvdaru
    [Aby, miły Jezu Kryste, sierce moje poruszył[…] i moja dusza ucieszył wnętrznym wiesiełym przeciwko twemu bożemudaru]
  - 1875 [End of the 15th century], Stanisław Motty, editor,Książeczka do nabożeństwa Jadwigi księżniczki polskiej‎^[50],Modlitewnik Nawojki, page181:
    Day my[…] konyecz dobry zywotha mego, kthory yest na[d] nawysschydar
    [Daj mi[…] koniec dobry żywota mojego, ktory jest na[d] nawyższydar]
  - 1874-1891 [XV ex.],Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎^{[51],[52],[53]}, volume XXV,Zator, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, page146:
    Diabolus nature sue dona non amisitdarow urodzonych nye *postradzal
    [Diabolus nature sue dona non amisitdarow urodzonych nie *postradzał]
  - 1908 [c.1500],Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego, volume V, page 9:
    Taczdarow bozych iesth pelna, abociem byla pobozna
    [Taćdarow bożych jest pełna, abociem była pobożna]
  - 1908 [c.1500],Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego, volume V, page18:
    Szbawyczyelu luczsky, proszą czyebye, czlowyek grzeszny, day mydar szwyąthei boyaszny
    [Zbawicielu ludzki, proszę ciebie, człowiek grzeszny, daj midar świętej bojaźni]
  - Middle of the 15th century,Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[54], page23:
    Nade wschytko povyschyl czyą nadobnosczyą y wschemydary przyrodzenymy vbogaczyl czyą barzo twego czyala
    [Nade wszytko powyższył cię nadobnością i wszemydary przyrodzenimy ubogacił cię barzo twego ciała]
  - Middle of the 15th century,Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[55], page46:
    Then stary mąsz y yego zona Elzbyetha prz[ez]dzyatkyny, osobnymdarem w sve starosczy, przeczyvo wschemv przyrodzenyv, vyelyebny y przeslavny plod przyaly
    [Ten stary mąż i jego żona Elżbieta, prz[ez]dziatkini, osobnymdarem w swe starości przeciwo wszemu przyrodzeniu wielebny i przesławny płod przyjęli]
  - Middle of the 15th century,Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[56], page401:
    Tedy dwa braczyncza[…] navczyly sa swa matką, aby proszyladaru przes ymyenya, a gdyby yey namyenyl, yszby proszyla, by yey szynovye szyedzyely yeden na pravyczy, a drugy na lyevyczy
    [Tedy dwa bracińca[…] nauczyli się swę matkę, aby prosiładaru przez imienia, a gdyby jej namienił, iżby prosiła, by jej synowie siedzieli jeden na prawicy, a drugi na lewicy]
  - Middle of the 15th century,Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[57], page810:
    Odpowiedział Pilat[…]: Zawżdy wasz lud był niewdzięcznydarow bożych
    [Odpowiedział Pilat[…]: Zawżdy wasz lud był niewdzięcznydarow bożych]
  - Beginning of the 15th century,Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina,Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[58],Krakow, page 1b:
    Chemly[…] my greszny ludze do tego tho veszela krolefstwa nebeskego prycz, tegocz[…] ne moszemiy dostøpicz, a tho preszdaru ducha svøtego
    [Chcemli[…] my grzeszni ludzie, do tego to wiesiela krolewstwa niebieskiego przyć, tegoć[…] nie możemy dostępić, a to przezdaru Ducha Świętego]
  - Beginning of the 15th century,Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina,Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[59],Krakow, page12a:
    A pres tho ny (pro my) greszny chemly takesz bycz thamo pouiszeniy, tego my szamy *szobo dostathcicz ne moszemy, a thopres dara ducha *svotego
    [A przezto my grzeszni ch[c]emli takież być tamo powyszeni, tego my sami sobą dostatczyć nie możemy, a to przezdara Ducha Świętego]
  - 1915 [1423], Jan Łoś, editor,Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543‎^[60], page209:
    Dar ducha *swothego *bocz s wami, se wssymi
    [Dar ducha świętego bądź z wami, ze wsimi]
  - 1915 [1423], Jan Łoś, editor,Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543‎^[61], page209:
    Sauitay ku nam, bosza moczy, adarem ducha swøthego nasza sircza ossweczy
    [Zawitaj ku nam, boża mocy, adarem Ducha Świętego nasza sirca oświeci]
  - 1915 [1423], Jan Łoś, editor,Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543‎^[62], page209:
    Na *[pami]anthko sw[ięt]a bozego pop[r]ossimi Mariey, mathki yego, asz nam ghot[o]wa v ssina swego vprossiczdaru ducha swenthego
    [Na [pami]ątkę św[ięt]a bożego pop[r]osimy Maryjej, matki jego, aż nam got[o]wa u syna swego uprosićdaru Ducha Świętego]
  - 1901 [1471],Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page127:
    Dary ducha swyantego carisma
    [Dary ducha świętego carisma]
  - 1875 [End of the 15th century], Stanisław Motty, editor,Książeczka do nabożeństwa Jadwigi księżniczki polskiej‎^[63],Modlitewnik Nawojki, page50:
    Radvy szye, dzyewycze naczyszczscha[…], yaz szwyatha troycza w zywoczye mathczynym oczysczyla y oszwyanczyla, ydary dvcha szwyanthego obdarowala
    [Radzi się, dziewice naczyszcza[…], jaż święta trojca w żywocie matczynym oczyściła i oświęciła, idary ducha świętego obdarowała]
  - 1908 [c.1500],Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego, volume V, page 9:
    Szethmydarow szwyątego ducha myala w szobye boza mathka
    [Sietmidarow świętego ducha miala w sobie boża matka]
  - 1885-2024 [c.1400], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors,Prace Filologiczne‎^[64], volume IV, page753:
    Graciadar
    [Graciadar]
(attested in Greater Poland, hapax legomenon)donation
- 1858 [c.1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor,Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6,Poniec, page59:
  Dwa thowarzysza[…] zawyazaly szye thako: kthory[…] pyrwey vmrze, thego rzeczy y gymyenye ma oszthacz themu, czo zosthanye zyw[…] Pothym[…] drugyemu szye nyemocz przydala[…], thedy rzekl[…]: Znam megodaru zawyazanye s thobą
  [Dwa towarzysza[…] zawiązali sie tako, ktory[…] pirwej umrze, tego rzeczy i jimienie ma ostać temu, co zostanie żyw[…] Potym... drugiemu sie niemoc przydała[…] Tedy rzekł[…]: Znam megodaru zawiązanie z tobą]

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofdar

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	dar	—	dary
genitive	dara/daru	—	darow
dative	daru	—	darom
accusative	dar	—	dary
instrumental	darem	—	dary
locative	darze	—	darach/daroch/darzech
vocative	dar	—	—

Derived terms

[edit]

adverbs

nouns

boży dar

verbs

darować impf

Related terms

[edit]

adjectives

adverbs

nouns

verbs

dać pf,dawać impf

Descendants

[edit]

Polish:dar
Silesian:dar,dŏr

References

[edit]

Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “dar”, inSłownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie,→ISBN
Mańczak, Witold (2017), “dar”, inPolski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności,→ISBN
Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “dar”, inEtymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “dar”, inJan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors,Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
Krystyna Długosz-Kurczabowa (2021), “dać”, inWielki słownik etymologiczno-historyczny języka polskiego,→ISBN
Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “dar”, inSłownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
K. Nitsch, editor (1956), “dar”, inSłownik staropolski (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw:Polish Academy of Sciences, page26
B. Sieradzka-Baziur,Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “dar”, inSłownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków:IJP PAN,→ISBN
Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska-Różycka, Magdalena Klapper, Tomasz Kolowca, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Joanna Duska, Maria Bugajska, Jan German, Beata Hejmo, Iwona Nobis, Dariusz Piwowarczyk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, editors (2024), “dar”, inBaza Leksykalna Średniowiecznej Polszczyzny [Lexical Base of Medieval Polish] (in Polish),Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “dar”, inRozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków:Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

Old Spanish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromLatindare, fromProto-Italic*didō, fromProto-Indo-European*dédeh₃ti, from the root*deh₃-(“give”).

Verb

[edit]

dar

(transitive) togive(hand over)
- 10th or 11th century, anonymous,San Millan glosses, (as quoted by Coromines and Pascual):
  qui… pauperibus reddet : quidat a los misquinos
  …whogives to the beggars…
- c.1140,Cantar de myo Çid [Song of my Cid]; transcription byPer Abbat‎^[65]1207,folio 3v, line138:
  Huebos auemosq̃ nosdedes los marchos
  We need that yougive us the[gold] marks
  (literally, “We have a need that you togive us the marks”)
- c.1250,Alfonso X,Lapidario,f. 8v:
  […] sidierẽ del poluo della a beuer peſante de quatro dragmas al q̃ a dolor en el eſtentino a que llaman colon ſana luego.
  If they were togive four drams of weight of it powdered to drink to someone whose gut, the one they call colon, ached, he would be cured.
- 13th century, Almeric,Fazienda de Ultramar,page 20vb:
  Dixo nr̃o ſẽnor amoyſen ſub aq̃ tu e el pueblo que ſaq̃ſt de egipto ala tierra q̃ iure aabraã á yſaac a iacob ẽ dix ato liñaie ladare trametre mio angel delante ti e detroyra tos eñemigos[…]
  [Then] Our Lord said to Moses, “Go up from here, you and the people whom you brought out of Egypt, to the land I swore to Abraham, to Isaac and to Jacob when I said ‘I willgive it to your descendants.’ I will send my angel before you and he will destroy your enemies. […] ”

Descendants

[edit]

Ladino:dar,דאר
Spanish:dar (see there for further descendants)

References

[edit]

Ralph Steele Boggset al. (1946), “dar”, inTentative Dictionary of Medieval Spanish, volume I, Chapel Hill,page163

Polish

[edit]

PolishWikipedia has an article on:

dar

Wikipedia^pl

dar

Etymology

[edit]

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European*deh₃-

Proto-Indo-European*-r̥

Proto-Indo-European*dóh₃r̥

Proto-Indo-European*-os

Proto-Indo-European*déh₃rom

Proto-Balto-Slavic*dōˀra

Proto-Slavic*dȃrъ

Old Polishdar

Polishdar

Inherited fromOld Polishdar.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈdar/

(Middle Polish)IPA^(key): /dɒr/

Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ar
Syllabification:dar

Noun

[edit]

dar m inan

(literary)gift(something given to someone on a special occasion)
Synonyms:(dated)dań,podarek,podarunek,prezent,upominek
donation(material good that someone gives selflessly for social purposes)
(literary)gift(received good with a special value of an intangible nature)[withgenitive‘of what’]
dar wolności ―thegift of freedom
gift(something received through a higher power)
gift(very well-mastered skill for which someone has a natural predisposition)[withgenitive‘of what’]
Synonym:talent
(obsolete)good;grace
Synonyms:dobrodziejstwo,łaska

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofdar

	singular	plural
nominative	dar	dary
genitive	daru	darów
dative	darowi	darom
accusative	dar	dary
instrumental	darem	darami
locative	darze	darach
vocative	darze	dary

Derived terms

[edit]

adverbs

(obsolete or dialectal)darem

nouns

dary boże

Portuguese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromOld Galician-Portuguesedar(“to give”), fromLatindare, fromProto-Italic*didō, fromProto-Indo-European*dédeh₃ti, from the root*deh₃-(“give”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈda(ʁ)/[ˈda(h)]

(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈda(ʁ)/[ˈda(h)]
- (São Paulo)IPA^(key): /ˈda(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro)IPA^(key): /ˈda(ʁ)/[ˈda(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈda(ɻ)/

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /ˈdaɾ/

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /ˈdaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal)IPA^(key): /ˈda.ɾi/

Audio(Portugal (Porto)): (file)
Rhymes:(Portugal, São Paulo)-aɾ,(Brazil)-aʁ,(Brazil, with -r dropping)-a
Homophone:dá(Brazil, with -r dropping)
Hyphenation:dar

Verb

[edit]

dar (first-person singular presentdou,first-person singular preteritedei,past participledado)

(ditransitive) togive
1. [transitivewithaorparaorindirect objectpronoun]
  1. to transfer one’s possession of something to someone without anything in return
    Dar-te-ei um livro.
    Iwill give you a book.
    Synonym:ceder
    Antonym:receber
  2. tohand over(to pass something into someone’s hand)
    Dá-me tua mão.
    Give me your hand.
    Synonyms:entregar,passar
  3. to make a present or gift of
    Dei flores à minha mulher.
    I gave my wife flowers.
    Synonym:presentear
    Antonyms:ganhar,receber
  4. to provide a service
    A Igrejadá conforto aos pobres.
    The Churchgives the poor comfort.
    Eledá aulas de latim.
    Hegives Latin classes.
    Synonym:oferecer
  5. toadminister(to cause to take (medicine))
    Demos insulina a ele.
    We gave him insulin.
    Synonym:administrar
  6. (transitive) togive; toissue; toemit
    O João vai nosdar recomendações.
    João willgive us recommendations.
    Ele gosta dedar ordens.
    He likesissuing orders.
2. [transitivewithemorindirect objectpronoun]
  1. to carry out a physical interaction with something
    Eladeu-me um beijo.
    Shegave me a kiss.
  2. to cause a sensation or feeling
    A cerca medeu um choque elétrico.
    The fencegave me an electric shock.
    Essa músicadá-me medo.
    That song frightens me.
    (literally, “That songgives me fear.”)
  3. tocause(to produce as a result)
    Comer rápido lhedá azia.
    Eating quicklygives you a heartburn.
toyield; toproduce; togenerate
Esse poçodava água.
That wellused to produce water.
As macieirasdão maçãs.
Apple treesproduce apples.
(impersonal) to bepossible,can[withpara(+subjectpronoun(optional)withpersonalinfinitive)‘for someone to do something’]
Nãodá para ele fazer isso.
Hecan't do that.
–Dá para o alcançarmos?
–Dá.
–Can we reach him?
– Yes, wecan.
(transitive) tothrow(to organise an event)
Darei uma festa amanhã.
I’ll throw a party tomorrow.
(transitive) toreport(topublish orbroadcast news)[withque(+clause)‘that ...’]
O jornaldeu que se cancelaram os eventos.
The newspaperreported that the events had been cancelled.
(impersonal) to bereported(to be published or broadcasted, of news)[withem‘a source’andque(+clause)‘that ...’]
Deu no jornal que se cancelaram os eventos.
The newspaperreported that the events had been cancelled.
(literally, “It was reported in the newspaper that ...”)
(intransitive or transitive) toresult in, tolead to[withemortransitive‘a result’]
Não te preocupes, nãodará em nada.
Don’t worry, it won’tlead to anything.
(intransitive) toget into(to cause to behave uncharacteristically)[withem‘someone or something’]
Começou a chorar de repente. O quedeu nele?
He began to cry suddenly. Whathas gotten into him?
Synonym:possuir
(impersonal, intransitive or auxiliary) tosuffice, to beenough[withpara‘for something’;orwithpara(+subjectpronoun(optional)withpersonalinfinitive)‘for doing something’]
Com dez euros jádá para almoçar hoje.
Ten eurosare enough to have lunch today.
(literally, “With ten eurosit alreadysuffices to have lunch today.”)
Synonym:bastar
(transitive) tomake(to tend or be able to become)
Eladaria uma boa professora.
She wouldmake a good teacher.
(transitive) toconsider(assign some quality)[withdirect object‘someone/something’,along withpororcomo‘as something’]
Depois de semanas procurando,deram-nos como desaparecidos.
After weeks of searching,they considered us to be missing.
Synonym:considerar
(transitive (Portugal) orintransitive (Brazil), colloquial) todefeat by a given score[withdirect object(Portugal)orde(Brazil)‘a score’,along witha(Portugal)orem(Brazil)‘someone or someone's team’]
A minha equipa vaidar dois a zero à tua.(Portugal)
My team willbeat yours 2-nil.
Meu time vaidar de dois a zero no seu.(Brazil)
My team willbeat yours 2-nil.
(intransitive) tocome across, tobump into(to find someone or something accidentally or in an unexpected condition)[withcom‘someone/something’]
Dei de cara com a Sandra hoje de manhã.
Ibumped into Sandra this morning.
(Brazil, vulgar, slang) toput out, to allow to be sexuallypenetrated[withpara‘someone’]
Dei pra ele.
Iput out for him.

Conjugation

[edit]

Conjugation ofdar (irregular) (SeeAppendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele /ela /você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles /elas /vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	dar
Personal	dar	dares	dar	darmos	dardes	darem
Gerund
	dando
Past participle
Masculine	dado			dados
Feminine	dada			dadas
Indicative
Present	dou	dás	dá	damos	dais	dão
Imperfect	dava	davas	dava	dávamos	dáveis	davam
Preterite	dei	deste	deu	demos	destes	deram
Pluperfect	dera	deras	dera	déramos	déreis	deram
Future	darei	darás	dará	daremos	dareis	darão
Conditional	daria	darias	daria	daríamos	daríeis	dariam
Subjunctive
Present	dê	dês	dê	demos,dêmos	deis	deem,dêem¹
Imperfect	desse	desses	desse	déssemos	désseis	dessem
Future	der	deres	der	dermos	derdes	derem
Imperative
Affirmative		dá	dê	demos,dêmos	dai	deem,dêem¹
Negative (não)		não dês	não dê	não demos,não dêmos	não deis	não deem,não dêem¹

¹Superseded.

Quotations

[edit]

For quotations using this term, seeCitations:dar.

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Angolar:ra
Annobonese:da
Guinea-Bissau Creole:da
Indo-Portuguese:dá
Kabuverdianu:da
Korlai Creole Portuguese:da
Macanese:dâ,dá
Kristang:da
Principense:da
Sãotomense:da
Saramaccan:dá

References

[edit]

“dar” inDicionário Aberto based onNovo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913

Romani

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromSanskritदर(dara,“fear”).^[1] CompareHindiडर(ḍar).

Noun

[edit]

dar f

fear^[1]^[2]
Synonym:traś

References

[edit]

↑^1.0^1.1Boretzky, Norbert; Igla, Birgit (1994), “dar”, inWörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag,→ISBN, page 65ab
^Marcel Courthiade (2009), “i/e dar, -a- ʒ. -a, -en-”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor,Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher,→ISBN, pages120b-121a

Romanian

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dar/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ar

Etymology 1

[edit]

Uncertain. Probably from a compound ofde andiar(ă). It may also perhaps come from an intermediate form*deară, fromLatindēvērō, or fromdēeārē. See alsodoar.

Alternative forms

[edit]

dară —regional
da' —colloquial, very frequent

Conjunction

[edit]

dar

Synonyms

[edit]

însă

Etymology 2

[edit]

Borrowed fromOld Church Slavonicдаръ(darŭ), fromProto-Slavic*darъ(“gift”).

Noun

[edit]

dar n (pluraldaruri)

gift
în dar ―as a gift

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofdar
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
	singular		plural
nominative-accusative	dar	darul	daruri	darurile
genitive-dative	dar	darului	daruri	darurilor
vocative	darule		darurilor

Synonyms

[edit]

cadou

References

[edit]

“dar”, inDEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language) (in Romanian), 2004–2025

Romansch

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromLatindare.

Verb

[edit]

dar

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) togive

Conjugation

[edit]

Conjugation ofdar (Sursilvan)

	singular			plural
infinitive			dar
gerund			dend
past participle			dau
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative	jeu	ti	el/ella	nus	vus	els/ellas
present	dun	das	dat	dein	deis	dattan
imperfect	davel	davas	dava	davan	davas	davan
future	vegnel a dar	vegns a dar	vegn a dar	vegnin a dar	vegnis a dar	vegnan a dar
conditional	jeu	ti	el/ella	nus	vus	els/ellas
direct present	dass	dasses	dass	dassen	dasses	dassen
indirect present	dassi	dassies	dassi	dassien	dassies	dassien
direct future	vegness a dar	vegnesses a dar	vegness a dar	vegnessen a dar	vegnesses a dar	vegnessen a dar
indirect future	vegnessi a dar	vegnessies a dar	vegnessi a dar	vegnessien a dar	vegnessies a dar	vegnessien a dar
subjunctive	che jeu	che ti	ch'el/ch'ella	che nus	che vus	ch'els/ch'ellas
present	detti	detties	detti	deien	deies	dettien
past	davi	davies	davi	davien	davies	davien
future	vegni a dar	vegnies a dar	vegni a dar	vegnîen a dar	vegnîes a dar	vegnien a dar
imperative	—	ti	—	—	vus	—
imperative		dai			dei

Conjugation ofdar (Grischun)

	singular			plural
infinitive			dar
gerund			dend
past participle			dà
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative	jeu	ti	el/ella	nus	vus	els/ellas
present	dun	das	dat	dain	dais	dattan
imperfect	deva	devas	deva	devan	devas	devan
future	vegnel a dar	vegns a dar	vegn a dar	vegnin a dar	vegnis a dar	vegnan a dar
conditional	jeu	ti	el/ella	nus	vus	els/ellas
present	dess	desses	dess	dessen	desses	dessen
future	vegness a dar	vegnesses a dar	vegness a dar	vegnessen a dar	vegnesses a dar	vegnessen a dar
subjunctive	che jeu	che ti	ch'el/ch'ella	che nus	che vus	ch'els/ch'ellas
present	dettia	dettias	dettia	dettian	dettias	dettian
future	vegni a dar	vegnies a dar	vegni a dar	vegnîen a dar	vegnîes a dar	vegnien a dar
imperative	—	ti	—	—	vus	—
imperative		dà			dai

Scots

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

dar (third-person singular simple presentdars,present participledarin,simple pastdart,past participledart)

todare

Alternative forms

[edit]

daur

Scottish Gaelic

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Possibly a reduced form ofnuair(“when”) (MacBain)^[1] or possibly from early modernan tan a, an dan a, fromOld Irishin tan(“when”) from acc. sg. ofOld Irishtan(“time”) (Seosamh Watson).^[2]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /t̪ər/,/t̪ar/

Conjunction

[edit]

dar(Ross-shire, Inverness-shire, Mull, Perthshire)

when(relative/non-interrogative)
Synonym:nuair
- 2005, Roy G. Wentworth,Rannsachadh air Fòn-eòlas Dualchainnt Ghàidhlig Gheàrrloch, Siorrachd Rois‎^[66], page 3:
  Bha sinne air na cuairteachdainn leis a’ Ghàidhligdar a bha sinn nana cloinn
  We had been surrounded with Gaelicwhen we were children

References

[edit]

^MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “dar”, inAn Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎^[1], Stirling,→ISBN, page123
^Seosamh Watson (1994), “Gaeilge na hAlban”, in K. McCone, D. McManus, C. Ó Háinle, N. Williams, L. Breatnach, editors,Stair na Gaeilge: in ómós do P[h]ádraig Ó Fiannachta (in Irish), Maynooth: Roinn na Sean-Ghaeilge, Coláiste Phádraig,→ISBN,§19.5, page690: “Ar chónaisc neamhaithnidiúla eile a áirítear i nGaeilge na hAlban tá (…) /ə/,/də/, /dər/, /dər ə/ (? <an tan a) ‘nuair’”

Serbo-Croatian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*darъ, fromProto-Indo-European*deh₃rom.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dâːr/

Noun

[edit]

dȃr m inan (Cyrillic spellingда̑р)

gift

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofdar
	singular	plural
nominative	dȃr	dȁrovi / dȃri
genitive	dȃra	dȁrōvā / dȃrā
dative	dȃru	dȁrovima / dȃrima
accusative	dȃr	dȁrove / dȃre
vocative	dȃru	dȁrovi / dȃri
locative	dȃru	dȁrovima / dȃrima
instrumental	dȃrom	dȁrovima / dȃrima

Synonyms

[edit]

pòklon

Related terms

[edit]

darovit

References

[edit]

“dar”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2025

Silesian

[edit]

dar

Alternative forms

[edit]

dŏr

Etymology

[edit]

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European*deh₃-

Proto-Indo-European*-r̥

Proto-Indo-European*dóh₃r̥

Proto-Indo-European*-os

Proto-Indo-European*déh₃rom

Proto-Balto-Slavic*dōˀra

Proto-Slavic*dȃrъ

Old Polishdar

Silesiandar

Inherited fromOld Polishdar.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈdar/
Rhymes:-ar
Syllabification:dar

Noun

[edit]

dar m inan

gift

Slovak

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*darъ, fromProto-Indo-European*déh₃rom.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): [dar]

Noun

[edit]

dar m inan

gift

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofdar
(patterndub)
	singular	plural
nominative	dar	dary
genitive	daru	darov
dative	daru	darom
accusative	dar	dary
locative	dare	daroch
instrumental	darom	darmi

Derived terms

[edit]

darček

Slovene

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*darъ, fromProto-Indo-European*déh₃rom.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /dáːr/

Noun

[edit]

dȃr m inan

gift(a talent or natural ability)
(archaic)gift(something given to another voluntarily, without charge)
Synonym:darílo
(usually in theplural, obsolete)immolation^[→SSKJ]
Synonym:darovȃnje

Declension

[edit]

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First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate, -ov- infix) , long mixed accent, ending -u in genitive singular
nom. sing.	dȃr
gen. sing.	darȗ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	dȃr	darȏva	darȏvi
genitive rodȋlnik	darȗ	daróv	daróv
dative dajȃlnik	dȃru,dȃri	darȏvoma,darȏvama	darȏvom,dȃrȏvam
accusative tožȋlnik	dȃr	darȏva	darȏve,darȋ
locative mẹ̑stnik	dȃru,dȃri	darȏvih	darȏvih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	dȃrom	darȏvoma,darȏvama	darȏvi
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	dȃr	darȏva	darȏvi

less common,regional

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First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , fixed accent
nom. sing.	dȃr
gen. sing.	dȃra
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	dȃr	dȃra	dȃri
genitive rodȋlnik	dȃra	dȃrov	dȃrov
dative dajȃlnik	dȃru,dȃri	dȃroma,dȃrama	dȃrom,dȃram
accusative tožȋlnik	dȃr	dȃra	dȃre
locative mẹ̑stnik	dȃru,dȃri	dȃrih,dȃrah	dȃrih,dȃrah
instrumental orọ̑dnik	dȃrom	dȃroma,dȃrama	dȃri
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	dȃr	dȃra	dȃri

Derived terms

[edit]

Somali

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

dar

toadd
Walaal, caano higgudar, fadlan.
Bro, add milk for me please.

Spanish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromOld Spanishdar(“to give”), fromLatindare, fromProto-Italic*didō, fromProto-Indo-European*dédeh₃ti, from the root*deh₃-(“give”). Compare Englishdonate.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈdaɾ/[ˈd̪aɾ]
Audio(Bolivia): (file)
Audio(Latin America): (file)
Rhymes:-aɾ
Syllabification:dar

Verb

[edit]

dar (first-person singular presentdoy,first-person singular preteritedi,past participledado)

(transitive) togive, togive out
(transitive) tohand over
(transitive) tohit
Me handado en la cabeza.
Theyhit me on my head.
(transitive) toemit
(transitive) toproduce
(transitive) toperform
(transitive) toconsider
Doy eso por menos que yo.
Iconsider that beneath me.
Yo lodoy por muerto.
Iconsider him dead.
(intransitive) toencounter; tofind with effort[withcon]
Dimos con María.
Weencountered Maria.
Dimos con el edificio después de tres horas.
We finallyfound the building after three hours.
(transitive) tohit upon
(intransitive, colloquial) topress,activate[witha‘a button, mechanism, etc.’]
darle al botón ―topress the button
(transitive, colloquial) toruin;mess up
Medio la noche ―Itruined the night for me
(reflexive) tooccur
(reflexive) togrow naturally
El maízse da en esta tierra. ―Corngrows on this land.
(reflexive) tohit
El coche sedio con/contra un árbol.
The carhit a tree.
(reflexive) toassume[withpor(+pastparticiple)‘to be in some state’]
darse por vencido ―toassume to be defeated
darse por muerto ―toassume to be dead
(reflexive, informal) topretend to be, topresent oneselfas though one were
Se las da de enfermera, pero nunca ha estudiado.
Shepretends to be a nurse, but she's never studied (it).
(impersonal) to have afeeling/hunch/intuition[withdative‘(person having a hunch)’]
Me da que no van a venir.
I feel like they're not going to come.
(reflexive, Mexico) tosurrender
¿Te das? —Me doy.
Do yousurrender? — Isurrender.
(reflexive, transitive, vulgar, El Salvador) to fuck(used with third person direct objects only)
Vos solote ladas.
You justfuck her.
Me quierodar a José.
I want tofuck José.
(transitive, colloquial, Rioplatense) to find someone sexually attractive (mostly to have a sexual encounter with)
Le redoy. ―Ithink she/he is really hot.
(transitive, of weather) toannounce,predict
Dan lluvia. ―Theyannounced rain.

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofdar (irregular) (SeeAppendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			dar
gerund			dando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		dado		dada
		plural		dados		dadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	doy	das	da	damos	dais	dan
	imperfect	daba	dabas	daba	dábamos	dabais	daban
	preterite	di	diste	dio	dimos	disteis	dieron
	future	daré	darás	dará	daremos	daréis	darán
	conditional	daría	darías	daría	daríamos	daríais	darían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	dé	des	dé	demos	deis	den
	imperfect (ra)	diera	dieras	diera	diéramos	dierais	dieran
	imperfect (se)	diese	dieses	diese	diésemos	dieseis	diesen
	future¹	diere	dieres	diere	diéremos	diereis	dieren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		da	dé	demos	dad	den
	negative		no des	no dé	no demos	no deis	no den

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.

Selected combined forms ofdar (irregular)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitivedar	dative	darme	darte	darle,darse	darnos	daros	darles,darse
with infinitivedar	accusative	darme	darte	darlo,darla,darse	darnos	daros	darlos,darlas,darse

with gerunddando	dative	dándome	dándote	dándole,dándose	dándonos	dándoos	dándoles,dándose
with gerunddando	accusative	dándome	dándote	dándolo,dándola,dándose	dándonos	dándoos	dándolos,dándolas,dándose

with informal second-person singulartú/vos imperativeda	dative	dame	date	dale	danos	not used	dales
with informal second-person singulartú/vos imperativeda	accusative	dame	date	dalo,dala	danos	not used	dalos,dalas

with formal second-person singular imperativedé	dative	deme	not used	dele,dese	denos	not used	deles
with formal second-person singular imperativedé	accusative	deme	not used	delo,dela,dese	denos	not used	delos,delas

with first-person plural imperativedemos	dative	not used	démoste	démosle	démonos	démoos	démosles
with first-person plural imperativedemos	accusative	not used	démoste	démoslo,démosla	démonos	démoos	démoslos,démoslas

with informal second-person plural imperativedad	dative	dadme	not used	dadle	dadnos	daos	dadles
with informal second-person plural imperativedad	accusative	dadme	not used	dadlo,dadla	dadnos	daos	dadlos,dadlas

with formal second-person plural imperativeden	dative	denme	not used	denle	dennos	not used	denles,dense
with formal second-person plural imperativeden	accusative	denme	not used	denlo,denla	dennos	not used	denlos,denlas,dense

Conjugation ofdarse (irregular) (SeeAppendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			darse
gerund			dándose
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		dado		dada
		plural		dados		dadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
personal non-finite		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	infinitive	darme	darte	darse	darnos	daros	darse
	gerund	dándome	dándote	dándose	dándonos	dándoos	dándose

indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	me doy	te das	se da	nos damos	os dais	se dan
	imperfect	me daba	te dabas	se daba	nos dábamos	os dabais	se daban
	preterite	me di	te diste	se dio	nos dimos	os disteis	se dieron
	future	me daré	te darás	se dará	nos daremos	os daréis	se darán
	conditional	me daría	te darías	se daría	nos daríamos	os daríais	se darían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	me dé	te des	se dé	nos demos	os deis	se den
	imperfect (ra)	me diera	te dieras	se diera	nos diéramos	os dierais	se dieran
	imperfect (se)	me diese	te dieses	se diese	nos diésemos	os dieseis	se diesen
	future¹	me diere	te dieres	se diere	nos diéremos	os diereis	se dieren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		date	dese	démonos	daos	dense
	negative		no te des	no se dé	no nos demos	no os deis	no se den

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.

Derived terms

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Related terms

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dador

Descendants

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Chavacano:dale

Swedish

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Noun

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dar

contraction ofdagar,indefinite plural ofdag;sometimes writtenda'r

Anagrams

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dra,rad

Tat

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Etymology

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Inherited fromMiddle Persian[script needed](dʾl,“tree, gallows; wood”), fromOld Persian𐎭𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺(d-a-ru-u-v /dāruv/), fromProto-Iranian*dā́ru, fromProto-Indo-Iranian*dāru, fromProto-Indo-European*dóru. Cognate withPersianدار andNorthern Kurdishdar.

Noun

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dar

tree

Turkish

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromOttoman Turkishطار,دار(dar,“narrow; difficult; with difficulty”),^[1] fromProto-Turkic*tār,*t(i)ār(“narrow”). CompareOld Turkic[script needed](tar).

Adjective

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dar

narrow
scant
close-fitting,tight -(forclose-fitting as a textile style, a calque of "body" or "badi" is widely used and understood.)
badi tişört ―close-fitting t-shirt
dar elbise ―tight dressdar ayakkabı ―tight shoes
limited
dar gelirli ―low-income
dar gelir ―limited income

Antonyms

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Adverb

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dar

(figuratively)barely,narrowly
Synonyms:darı darına,ucu ucuna,anca,ancak,zar zor,güçlükle,güç bela

Etymology 2

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Derived fromArabicدَار(dār).^[2]

Noun

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dar

(obsolete, only used in compounds)house,place

Derived terms

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dareyn — two places (especially thisworld andheaven).
darülfünun — university

References

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^Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013),The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık,→ISBN
^Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “dar2”, inNişanyan Sözlük