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crush

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishcruschen(to crush, smash, squeeze, squash), fromOld Frenchcroissir(to crush), fromLate Latin*crusciō(to crush), fromFrankish*krustijan(to crush, squeeze, squash), fromProto-Germanic*kreustaną(to crush, grind, strike, smash).

Cognate withMiddle Low Germantôkrosten(to crush, shatter),Swedishkrysta(to squeeze),Danishkryste(to squash),Icelandickreista(to squeeze, squash),Faroesekroysta(to squeeze),Gothic𐌺𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽(kriustan,to gnash). Akin also toMiddle Dutchcrosen(to bruise, crush),Middle Low Germankrossen,krö̂sen,tôkrö̂sen(to break, shatter),Old Swedishkrusa(to crush).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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crush (countable anduncountable,pluralcrushes)

  1. Aviolentcollision orcompression; acrash;destruction;ruin.
    • 1921, Alexis Thomson, Alexander Miles,Manual of Surgery:
      The more highly the injured part is endowed with sensory nerves the more marked is the shock; acrush of the hand, for example, is attended with a more intense degree of shock than a correspondingly severecrush of the foot
  2. Violentpressure, as of amovingcrowd.
  3. Aviolentcrowding.
  4. Acrowd thatproducesuncomfortablepressure.
    acrush at a reception
  5. (slang) A group or gang.
    • 1887, Harriet W. Daly,Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page302:
      Then there was another set who called themselves the "Ragged Thirteen"; and the account says "they looked it." And, like most diggers, this "crush," to quote my authority, could handle the cards a bit.
  6. Acrowd controlbarrier.
  7. Adrink made bysqueezing thejuice out offruit.
    • 1958,Anthony Burgess,The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), published1972, page292:
      "Look," said Crabbe, warm orangecrush in his hand.
  8. (informal) Aninfatuation with somebody one is notdating.
    I've had a hugecrush on her since we met many years ago.
    He took hiscrush out for dinner.
    • 2019, Emma Lea,A Royal Enticement:
      And I needed to get my schoolgirlcrush under control. There was no way Brín felt anything anywhere near what I felt for him. He saw me as a friend.
    1. (informal, by extension) The human object of such infatuation oraffection.
      • 2004,Chris Wallace,Character: Profiles in Presidential Courage:
        It had taken nine years from the evening thatTruman first showed up with a pie plate at her mother's door, but his dogged perseverance eventually won him the hand of his boyhood Sunday schoolcrush.
  9. Astanding stock orcage withmovablesides used torestrainlivestock forsafehandling.
  10. (dated) Aparty orfestivefunction.
  11. (Australia) The process ofcrushingcane toremove therawsugar, or theseason when this process takes place.
  12. (television, uncountable) The situation where certaincolors are sosimilar as to behard todistinguish, either as adeliberateeffect or as alimitation of adisplay.
    blackcrush; whitecrush
  13. (uncountable, sexuality) Aparaphilia involvingarousal fromseeing thingsdestroyed bycrushing.
    • 2000, Katharine Gates,Deviant Desires: Incredibly Strange Sex, page137:
      Just as they say that marijuana leads to harder drugs, Gallegly is claiming thatcrush is a "gateway fetish"—a term I've never heard before. He claims that if someone starts with bugs they'll end up escalating to human babies in no time.

Hyponyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Translations

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violent collision or compression; crash; destruction; ruin
violent pressure, as of a crowd
crowd which produces uncomfortable pressure
violent crowding
crowd control barrier
love or infatuation or its object (often short-lived or unrequited)
the human object of such infatuation or affection
standing stock or cage used to restrain livestock for safe handling
festive function
process of crushing cane, or its season
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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crush (third-person singular simple presentcrushes,present participlecrushing,simple past and past participlecrushed)

  1. Topressbetween twohardobjects; tosqueeze so as toalter thenaturalshape orintegrity, or toforce together into amass.
    tocrush grapes
    • 1769, Benjamin Blayney,King James Bible, Leviticus 22:24:
      Ye shall not offer unto theLord that which is bruised, orcrushed, or broken, or cut
  2. Toreduce tofineparticles bypounding orgrinding.
    Synonym:comminute
    tocrush quartz
  3. (figurative) Tooverwhelm bypressure orweight.
    After the corruption scandal, the oppositioncrushed the ruling party in the elections
    • 1950 September 1,Harry S. Truman, 2:02 from the start, inMP72-73 Korea and World Peace: President Truman Reports to the People[1],Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum,National Archives Identifier:595162:
      We believe the invasion has reached its peak. The task remaining is tocrush it. Our men are confident, the United Nations command is confident, that it will becrushed.
    • 2011 November 11, Rory Houston, “Estonia 0-4 Republic of Ireland”, inRTE Sport[2]:
      A stunning performance from the Republic of Ireland all but sealed progress to Euro 2012 as theycrushed nine-man Estonia 4-0 in the first leg of the qualifying play-off tie in A Le Coq Arena in Tallinn.
  4. (figurative, colloquial) To doimpressively well at (sportsevents;performances;interviews; etc.).
    They had a gig recently at Madison Square—totallycrushed it!
  5. Tooppress orgrievouslyburden.
  6. Toovercome completely; tosubdue totally.
    The sultan's black guardcrushed every resistance bloodily.
    • 1814, Sir Walter Scott,Waverley:
      the prospect of the Duke's speedily overtaking andcrushing the rebels
  7. (intransitive) To be or becomebroken down or in, orpressed into a smallervolume orarea, by externalweight orforce.
    an eggshellcrushes easily
  8. (intransitive, transitive) To feelinfatuation orunrequitedlove.
    She'scrushing on him.
    • 2000, “Aaron’s Party (Come Get It)”, performed byAaron Carter:
      Then walked in / The girl I'mcrushin' / And the kid spilled juice / On my Mom's new cushion
    • 2011, May'lon Miranda,Love Is Blind,→ISBN, page58:
      ... I could just let loose and be myself no holding back you know we just where to young kids in love, lust,crushing whatever you wanted to call it but we where living it up having fun when we where together the rest of the world didn't exist ...
    • 2013, Sarra Manning,Diary of a Crush: Kiss and Make Up,→ISBN:
      And the one subject that I get an A plus in every time, is the ancient art ofcrushing. Icrush, therefore I am. I've decided to share the benefit of my wisdom and after months of hopelessly lusting after Dylan, I've REALISED that there are twelve degrees ofcrushing from the slightly embarrassing things most girls will do to catch the eye of the heir to their heart, to the verging on ridiculous stunts you pull when you're in the grip of a passion that renders you powerless.
    • 2013, Shozan Jack Haubner,Zen Confidential: Confessions of a Wayward Monk,→ISBN, page130:
      "I respect your wiring," he explained, "but I'mcrushing on you. And when Icrush, Icrush hard." He thought it would be better if we stopped seeing each other for a while.
  9. (film, television) To give acompressed orforeshortenedappearance to.
    • 2003, Michel Chion,The Films of Jacques Tati, page78:
      He frames his subject in distant close-ups (we feel the distance, due mostly to thecrushed perspective brought about by the telephoto lens).
    • 2010, Birgit Bräuchler, John Postill,Theorising Media and Practice, page319:
      They realise that trajectories, space expansion andcrushing are different with different lenses, whether wide angle or telephoto, and that actors' eyelines will be altered.
  10. (transitive, television) To make certaincolors sosimilar as to behard todistinguish, either as adeliberateeffect or as alimitation of adisplay.
    My old TV setcrushes the blacks when the brightness is lowered.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Translations

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to press or bruise between two hard bodies
to reduce to fine particles by pounding or grinding
to overwhelm by pressure or weight
to oppress or burden grievously
to overcome completely
to be or become broken down or in
to feel unrequited love

References

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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromEnglishcrush.

Noun

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crush m (pluralcrushes,nodiminutive)

  1. crush(infatuation with somebody one is not dating; object of this infatuation)
Related terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

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crush

  1. inflection ofcrushen:
    1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. (in case ofinversion)second-personsingularpresentindicative
    3. imperative

References

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French

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishcrush.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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crush m (invariable)

  1. (slang)crush
    1. infatuation with somebody one is not dating
      Synonyms:coup de cœur,béguin,faible,penchant
      avoir uncrush sur quelqu'unto have acrush on someone
    2. human object of an infatuation
      Mon crush s'habille bien.
      Mycrush dresses well.

Italian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishcrush.

Noun

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crush m orf (invariable)

  1. (slang)crush
    1. infatuation with somebody one is not dating
      Synonyms:cotta,sbandata,infatuazione
      avere uncrush per qualcunoto have acrush on someone
    2. human object of an infatuation
      La miacrush si veste bene.
      My [female]crush dresses well.

Polish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcrush, fromMiddle Englishcruschen, fromOld Frenchcroissir, fromLate Latin*crusciō, fromFrankish*krostjan.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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crush pers

  1. (slang)crush(love interest)

Declension

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Declension ofcrush
singularplural
nominativecrushcrushowie/crushy (deprecative)
genitivecrushacrushów
dativecrushowicrushom
accusativecrushacrushów
instrumentalcrushemcrushami
locativecrushucrushach
vocativecrushucrushowie

Further reading

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  • crush in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcrush.

Pronunciation

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  • (Brazil)IPA(key): /ˈkɾɐ.ʃi/,/ˈkɾɐʃ/
    • (Southern Brazil)IPA(key): /ˈkɾɐʃ/,/ˈkɾɐ.ʃi/
 

Noun

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crush m orfm orfby sense (pluralcrushesorcrush)

  1. (colloquial)crush(aninfatuation with somebody one is notdating)
    Synonym:paixoneta

Spanish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcrush.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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crush m (pluralcrushes)

  1. (slang)crush(aninfatuation with somebody one is notdating)

Usage notes

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According toRoyal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Vietnamese

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishcrush.

Pronunciation

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  • (Hà Nội)IPA(key): [kəː˨˩ zəːt̚˧˦],[kɹəːt̚˧˦]
  • (Huế)IPA(key): [kəː˦˩ ʐəːk̚˦˧˥],[kɹəːk̚˦˧˥]
  • (Saigon)IPA(key): [kəː˨˩ ɹəːk̚˦˥],[kɹəːk̚˦˥]
  • Phonetic spelling: cờ rớt, crớt

Noun

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crush

  1. crush(the person whom someone has aninfatuation with)

Verb

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crush

  1. crush(to feelinfatuation orunrequited love)
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