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crann

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Crann

Irish

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IrishWikipedia has an article on:

crann

Wikipedia^ga

Etymology

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FromOld Irishcrann,^[1] fromProto-Celtic*kʷresnom.

Pronunciation

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(Munster)IPA^(key): /kɾˠaun̪ˠ/^[2],/kɾˠãun̪ˠ/^[3],/kɾˠoun̪ˠ/^[4]
(Galway)IPA^(key): /kɾˠɑːn̪ˠ/^[5],(Eastern Cois Fharraige)/kɾˠan̪ˠ/^[6]
(Mayo, Ulster)IPA^(key): /kɾˠan̪ˠ/^[7]^[8] ~/kɾˠɑn̪ˠ/^[9]^[8]

Noun

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crann m (genitive singularcrainn,nominative pluralcrainn)

tree
(nautical)mast

Declension

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Declension ofcrann (first declension)

bare forms
	singular	plural
nominative	crann	crainn
vocative	achrainn	achranna
genitive	crainn	crann
dative	crann	crainn crannaibh (archaic)

forms with thedefinite article
	singular	plural
nominative	ancrann	nacrainn
genitive	anchrainn	nagcrann
dative	leis angcrann donchrann	leis nacrainn

Alternative plural forms:crainnte,croinnte(Galway)

Mutated forms ofcrann
radical	lenition	eclipsis
crann	chrann	gcrann

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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References

^Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crann”, ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
^Sjoestedt, M. L. (1938),Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Description of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ancienne Honoré Champion,§ 23, page23
^Ó Sé, Diarmuid (2000),Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne [The Irish of Corkaguiny] (in Irish), Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann[Linguistics Institute of Ireland],→ISBN, section 16, page26
^Ó Sé, Diarmuid (2000),Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne [The Irish of Corkaguiny] (in Irish), Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann[Linguistics Institute of Ireland],→ISBN, section 33, page40
^Finck, F. N. (1899),Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page162
^de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1975),The Irish of Cois Fhairrge, Co. Galway: A Phonetic Study, revised edition, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies,§ 665, page122
^Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968),The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies,§ 498 (i), page179
↑^8.0^8.1Hamilton, John Noel (1974),A Phonetic Study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; vol. 3), Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University Belfast, page261
^Wagner, Heinrich (1959),Gaeilge Theilinn: Foghraidheacht, Gramadach, Téacsanna [The Irish of Teelin: Phonetics, Grammar, Texts] (in Irish), Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath[Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 200, page72; reprinted1979

Old Irish

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Etymology

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FromProto-Celtic*kʷresnom. Cognate toWelshpren.^[1]

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈkɾan̪/

Noun

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crann n (genitivecruinn)

Inflection

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Neuter o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	crann^N	crann^N	crann^L,cranna
vocative	crann^N	crann^N	crann^L,cranna
accusative	crann^N	crann^N	crann^L,cranna
genitive	cruinn^L	crann	crann^N
dative	crunn^L	crannaib	crannaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

^H = triggers aspiration
^L = triggers lenition
^N = triggers nasalization

Quotations

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c.760,Blathmac mac Con Brettan, stanza 64; published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett :
To·fich sruth folo – ró tinn – combu derg snob cech óenchruinn.
A stream of blood gushed forth – too severe – so that the bark of every singletree was red.
c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 18^b4
.i. roth cruind forsa ndenat na cerda in lestrai nui, ꝉcran cruin immua mbiat ocua ndenum.
i.e. a round wheel on which the potters make the new vessels, or a roundpiece of wood around which [the potters] are while making [the vessels].
c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 61^b13
.i. donchrunn fésin isnomen buxum hi sin, ni don torud ⁊ is ainsid neutair.
The wordbuxum here is for thetree itself, not for the fruit, and it is an accusative neuter.

Descendants

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Middle Irish:crann
- Irish:crann
- Manx:croan
- Scottish Gaelic:crann

Mutation

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Mutation ofcrann
radical	lenition	nasalization
crann	chrann	crann pronounced with/ɡ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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^Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*kʷresno-”, inEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden:Brill,→ISBN,page181

Scottish Gaelic

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Crann (1).

Crann (2).

Crann (3).

Crainn (4).

Tha crann (5) air bratach na h-Alba.

Crann (8).

Etymology

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FromMiddle Irishcrann(“tree”), fromOld Irishcrann. Cognates includeIrishcrann andManxcroan.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /kʰɾau̯n̪ˠ/
(mid and south Argyll)IPA^(key): /kʰɾan̪ˠ(ː)/
Hyphenation:crann

Noun

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crann m (genitive singularcrainnorcroinn,pluralcrainnorcroinn)

plough
mast(of a ship)
bar,bolt
beam,shaft
saltire
pole(point of rotation)
cran(measure for herring)
crane(device for lifting)
lot(device for determining luck)
(chiefly in compounds)tree

Declension

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With the slenderised vowel-ai-:

Declension ofcrann (type I masculine noun)
indefinite
	singular	plural
nominative	crann	crainn
genitive	crainn	chrann
dative	crann	crainn;crannaibh¹

definite
	singular	plural
nominative	(an)crann	(na)crainn
genitive	(a')chrainn	(nan)crann
dative	(a')chrann	(na)crainn;crannaibh¹
vocative	chrainn	chranna;chrannaibh

¹ obsolete form, used until the 19th century

With the slenderised vowel-oi-:

Declension ofcrann (type I masculine noun)
indefinite
	singular	plural
nominative	crann	croinn
genitive	croinn	chrann
dative	crann	croinn;crannaibh¹

definite
	singular	plural
nominative	(an)crann	(na)croinn
genitive	(a')chroinn	(nan)crann
dative	(a')chrann	(na)croinn;crannaibh¹
vocative	chroinn	chranna;chrannaibh

¹ obsolete form, used until the 19th century

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutation ofcrann
radical	lenition
crann	chrann

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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Edward Dwelly (1911), “crann”, inFaclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited,→ISBN
Mark, Colin (2003), “crann”, inThe Gaelic–English dictionary, London: Routledge,→ISBN, page174
Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crann”, ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language