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cover

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:cóverandCover

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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  • Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European*ḱe-
    Proto-Indo-European*ḱóm
    Proto-Italic*kom
    Proto-Italic*kom-
    Latincon-
    Proto-Indo-European*h₁epi
    Proto-Indo-European*h₂wer-
    Proto-Indo-European*-yeti
    Latinoperiō
    Old Frenchcovrirbor.
    Middle Englishcoveren
    Englishcover

    FromMiddle Englishcoveren, borrowed fromOld Frenchcovrir, cueuvrir (modernFrenchcouvrir), fromLate Latincoperire, fromLatincooperiō(“I cover completely”), fromco-(intensive prefix) +operiō(“I close, cover”). Displaced nativeMiddle Englishthecchen andbethecchen(“to cover”) (fromOld Englishþeccan,beþeccan(“to cover”)),Middle Englishhelen, (over)helen, (for)helen(“to cover, conceal”) (fromOld Englishhelan(“to conceal, cover, hide”)),Middle Englishwrien, (be)wreon(“to cover”) (fromOld English(be)wrēon(“to cover”)),Middle Englishhodren, hothren(“to cover up”) (fromLow Germanhudren(“to cover up”)).

    According to theOxford English Dictionary, the original sense of the verb and nouncover was “hide from view” as in itscognatecovert. Except in the limited sense of “cover again”, the wordrecover is unrelated and is cognate withrecuperate. Cognate withSpanishcubrir(“to cover”).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    cover (countable anduncountable,pluralcovers)

    1. Alid.
    2. (uncountable) Area or situation which screens a person or thing fromview.
      The soldiers tookcover behind a ruined building.
    3. The front and back of abook,magazine,CDpackage, etc.
    4. The topsheet of abed.
    5. A cloth or similar material, often fitted, placed over an item such as acar orsofa or food to protect it from dust, rain, insects, etc. when not being used.
    6. Acover charge.
      There's a $15cover tonight.
    7. Asetting at arestaurant table or formaldinner.
      We need to set anothercover for the Smith party.
    8. (music) A new performance orrerecording of a previously recorded song; acover version; acover song.
    9. (cricket) Afieldingposition on theoff side, betweenpoint andmid off, about 30°forward ofsquare; afielder in this position.
      The captain signalled his best fielder from short leg tocover.
    10. (cricket) Atarpaulin or otherdevice used to cover thewicket duringrain, to prevent it gettingwet.
      Thecovers were put on just before lunch.
    11. (cricket) The area of the stumps that is blocked by the batsman so as to defend the wicket.
    12. (cricket) A backup incase any player sustains injury during nets or midseries. Originally have to be declared part of squad before match.
      He was brought in ascover for wicketkeeper.
    13. (combinatorics, topology) Acollection (orfamily) of subsets of a given set, whose union contains every element of said original set.
      Hyponyms:exact cover,partition
      The open intervals are acover for the real numbers.
    14. (philately) Anenvelope complete withstamps andpostmarks etc.
    15. (military) Asolidobject, includingterrain, that providesprotection fromenemy fire.
    16. (law) Incommercial law, a buyer’spurchase on the open market ofgoods similar or identical to the goods contracted for after a seller hasbreached acontract of sale by failure to deliver the goods contracted for.
    17. (insurance) An insurance contract;coverage by an insurance contract.
    18. (espionage) Apersona maintained by a spy or undercover operative;cover story.
    19. (dated) Aswindler'sconfederate.
    20. The portion of a slate, tile, or shingle that is hidden by theoverlap of thecourse above.[1]
    21. In asteam engine, thelap of aslide valve.
    22. (construction) The distance betweenreinforcingsteel and the exterior ofconcrete.

    Derived terms

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    Terms derived fromcover (noun)

    Descendants

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    Translations

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    lid
    hiding
    front and back of a book or a magazine
    top sheet
    A cloth or similar material used to protect underlying items from dust, sunlight, insects etc. when not being used.
    cover charge
    setting at a restaurant table
    music: rerecording of a previously recorded song—seecover version
    cricket fielding position
    topology: family of sets
    philately: complete envelope
    military: solid object that provides protection from enemy fire—see alsotake cover
    legal: buyer’s purchase on the open market of goods similar or identical to the goods contracted for
    insurance contract
    espionage: persona maintained by an operative—see alsocover story
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    Adjective

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    cover (notcomparable)

    1. Of or pertaining to the front cover of a book or magazine.
    2. (music) Of, pertaining to, or consisting ofcover versions.

    Translations

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    about cover of a book or magazine
    concerning a cover version

    Verb

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    cover (third-person singular simple presentcovers,present participlecovering,simple past and past participlecovered)

    1. (transitive) Toplace somethingover orupon, as toconceal orprotect.
      Synonym:bury
      Hecovered the baby with a blanket.
      When the pot comes to a boil,cover it and reduce the heat to medium.
    2. (transitive) To be over or upon, as to conceal or protect.
      The blanketcovered the baby.
      • 1913,Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter I, inThe Lodger, London:Methuen,→OCLC; republished inNovels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.:Longmans, Green and Co., […],[1933],→OCLC,page0016:
        A great bargain also had been the excellent Axminster carpet whichcovered the floor; as, again, the arm-chair in which Bunting now sat forward, staring into the dull, small fire.
      • 2013 May-June,Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, inAmerican Scientist, volume101, number 3, page200:
        Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems— […]. Such a slow-release device containing angiogenic factors could be placed on the pia matercovering the cerebral cortex and tested in persons with senile dementia in long term studies.
    3. (transitive) To be upon all of, so as to completely conceal.
      Regular hexagons cancover the plane.
    4. (transitive) To set upon all of, so as to completely conceal.
      You cancover the plane with regular hexagons.
    5. (intransitive, dated) To put on one'shat.
      • 1904, Rawdon Lubbock Brown,Calendar of State Papers and Manuscripts:
        All the while he held his hat in his hand; and even until he had given his answer, when hecovered and bade us be.
    6. (transitive) To invest (oneselfwith something); to bring upon (oneself).
      The heroic soldiercovered himself with glory.
      • 1842,Henry Brougham,Political Philosophy:
        the powers thatcovered themselves with everlasting infamy by the partition of Poland
    7. To have under one’sscope orpurview.
      1. (transitive, of a publication) Todiscussthoroughly; to providecoverage of.
        The magazinecovers such diverse topics as politics, news from the world of science, and the economy.
      2. (transitive) Todeal with orinclude someone or something.
        • 2010 (publication date), "Contributors",Discover, ISSN 0274-7529, volume 32, number 1, January–February 2011, page 7:
          Richard Morgancovers science forThe Economist,The New York Times,Scientific American, andWired.
      3. (transitive) To have as anassignment orresponsibility.
        Can youcover the morning shift tomorrow? I'll give you off next Monday instead.
        He is our salesmancovering companies with headquarters in the northern provinces.
      4. (transitive) To provideinsurancecoverage for.
        Does my policycover accidental loss?
    8. (transitive) To beenoughmoney for.
      We've earned enough tocover most of our costs.
      Ten dollars shouldcover lunch.
    9. (transitive) Tosupply withfunds; tosettle orpay the costs for; tofoot the bill for.
      Dad, when I get to University, will I becovered?
    10. (intransitive) To act as areplacement.
      I need to take off Tuesday. Can youcover for me?
    11. (transitive, broadcasting) Toair orrun locallyoriginated material in place ofnetwork material during aninternalspotbreak in asyndicatedprogram.
      I wish that popular afternoon show would let uscover some of their commercials – their national stuff can be so annoying.
    12. (music, transitive) To make acover version of (asong that was originallyrecorded by anotherartist).
      I'm surprised that the bandcovered this Beatles song so well.
    13. Toprotect, toguard.
      1. (transitive) Toprotect fromattack in general, toguard.
      2. (military, law enforcement, transitive) To protect using an aimedfirearm and the threat of firing;or to protect using continuous, heaving fire at or in the direction of the enemy so as to force the enemy to remain in cover;or to threaten using an aimed firearm.
      3. (chess, transitive) Toprotect orcontrol (a piece or square).
        In order to checkmate a king on the side of the board, the five squares adjacent to the king must all becovered.
      4. (sports, transitive) Todefend (mark) a particular player or area.
      5. (transitive) To provide analibi for (someone); to provide excuses or apologia for (someone); tocarry water for someone.
    14. (transitive) Tocopulate with (said of certain male animals such as dogs and horses).
      Synonym:impregnate
      I would like to have my bitchcovered next spring.
      The stallion has notcovered the mare yet.
      • 1927, Havelock Ellis,Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 2 (of 6)‎[1]:
        Among animals in a domesticated or confined state it is easy to find evidence of homosexual attraction, due merely to the absence of the other sex. This was known to the ancients; the Egyptians regarded two male partridges as the symbol of homosexuality, and Aristotle noted that two female pigeons wouldcover each other if no male was at hand.
    15. (transitive) Toextend over a givenperiod oftime orrange, tooccupy, tostretch over a givenarea.
    16. (transitive) Totraverse orputbehind a certain distance.
      • 1915,Aerial Age:
        November 22 — Owing to bad weather all machines flew at a height of 5,000 feet andcovered the 90 miles in just 90 minutes . November 23 — During fourth lap ...
      • 1989, Robert K. Krick,Parker's Virginia Battery, C.S.A.:
        It hadcovered better than 840 miles in just a few hours more than seven days.32 The apparently clumsily managed shuffle through the various railroad nets ...
    17. (ambitransitive, dated) To arrange plates, etc. on (atable) in preparation for ameal.
      Synonyms:lay the table,set the table
      • 1892, George Chase,Leading Cases Upon the Law of Torts, page46:
        […] he told plaintiff he wouldcover the table, and furnish it the same as the one he was sitting at, and that he should be waited upon and served the same as those on the other side of the room.
      • 1989,Caterer & Hotelkeeper, volume180, page83:
        […] the chef can send a runner to see why not and if the waiter has forgotten about the order, a runner cancover and serve.

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation ofcover
    infinitive(to)cover
    present tensepast tense
    1st-personsingularcovercovered
    2nd-personsingularcover,coverest†covered,coveredst†
    3rd-personsingularcovers,covereth†covered
    pluralcover
    subjunctivecovercovered
    imperativecover—
    participlescoveringcovered

    Quotations

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    Derived terms

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    Terms derived fromcover (verb)

    Descendants

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    Translations

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    to conceal or protect
    to be or set upon all of, so as to completely conceal
    discuss, mention, deal with—see alsoencompass
    provide enough money for
    to act as a replacement
    to have as an assignment or responsibility
    (music) make a cover version
    protect by shooting
    to provide insurance coverage for
    copulate (of animals)
    to extend over a given period/time/range, to occupy, to stretch over a given area
    to traverse a certain distance
    (sport) to defend a particular player or area
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    References

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    1. ^Edward H[enry] Knight (1877), “Cover”, inKnight’s American Mechanical Dictionary. […], volumes I (A–GAS), New York, N.Y.:Hurd and Houghton […],→OCLC.

    Anagrams

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    Dutch

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed fromEnglishcover.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈkɑ.vər/,/ˈkɔ.vər/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Hyphenation:co‧ver

    Noun

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    cover m (pluralcovers,diminutivecovertje n)

    1. acover,cover song,cover version(rerecording of a previously recorded song, typically by a different artist)
    2. acover, the front of amagazine or of thepackage of astorage medium

    Derived terms

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    Finnish

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcover.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    cover

    1. cover,cover version,cover song(rerecording of a previously recorded song)
      Synonyms:coverversio,koveri,lainakappale

    Declension

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    Inflection ofcover (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)
    nominativecovercoverit
    genitivecoverincoverien
    covereiden
    covereitten
    partitivecoveriacovereita
    covereja
    illativecoveriincovereihin
    singularplural
    nominativecovercoverit
    accusativenom.covercoverit
    gen.coverin
    genitivecoverincoverien
    covereiden
    covereitten
    partitivecoveriacovereita
    covereja
    inessivecoverissacovereissa
    elativecoveristacovereista
    illativecoveriincovereihin
    adessivecoverillacovereilla
    ablativecoveriltacovereilta
    allativecoverillecovereille
    essivecoverinacovereina
    translativecoveriksicovereiksi
    abessivecoverittacovereitta
    instructive—coverein
    comitativeSee the possessive forms below.
    Possessive forms ofcover(Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)

    Derived terms

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    compounds

    Further reading

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    French

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed fromEnglishcover.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    cover m (pluralcovers)

    1. (colloquial)cover (rerecording)

    German

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    cover

    1. inflection ofcovern:
      1. first-personsingularpresent
      2. singularimperative

    Middle English

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed fromOld Frenchcovert, and was influenced bycoveren.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    cover (pluralcovers)

    1. Something thatcovers.

    Related terms

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    Descendants

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    References

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    Polish

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    PolishWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediapl

    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcover.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    cover m inan

    1. (music)cover version(rerecording of a song)

    Declension

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    Declension ofcover
    singularplural
    nominativecovercovery
    genitivecoverucoverów
    dativecoverowicoverom
    accusativecovercovery
    instrumentalcoveremcoverami
    locativecoverzecoverach
    vocativecoverzecovery

    Further reading

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    • cover inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
    • cover in Polish dictionaries at PWN

    Portuguese

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcover.

    Pronunciation

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    • Hyphenation:co‧ver

    Noun

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    cover m or(rare)f (pluralcoveres)

    1. (music)cover version(rerecording of a song by another musician or group)
      Synonym:versão cover

    Noun

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    cover m orfby sense (pluralcoveres)

    1. impersonator(an entertainer whose act is based upon performing impressions of others)
      Ele écover do Elvis Presley. ―He is an Elvis Presleyimpersonator.

    Further reading

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    Spanish

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcover.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈkobeɾ/[ˈko.β̞eɾ]
    • Rhymes:-obeɾ
    • Syllabification:co‧ver

    Noun

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    cover m (pluralcovers)

    1. (music)cover,cover version
      Synonym:versión

    Usage notes

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    • According toRoyal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

    Swedish

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed fromEnglishcover.

    Noun

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    cover c

    1. (music)cover,cover song

    Usage notes

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    The plural of this word could also becovers.

    Declension

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    Declension ofcover
    nominativegenitive
    singularindefinitecovercovers
    definitecoverncoverns
    pluralindefinitecovercovers
    definitecovernacovernas

    Derived terms

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    References

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