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country

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishcontre,contree,contreie, fromOld Frenchcontree,cuntrede, fromVulgar Latin *(terra)contrāta((land) lying opposite; (land) spread before one) (also inMedieval Latin as "country, region"), fromLatincontra(against, opposite) (whencecontra-).[1] Cognate withScotskintra. Unrelated tocounty. Displaced native Englishland in some of its senses.(Canthis(+) etymology besourced?)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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country (countable anduncountable,pluralcountries)

  1. The territory of anation, especially an independentnation state or formerly independent nation; a political entity asserting ultimate authority over a geographical area; asovereign state.[from 14th c.]
    Synonyms:seeThesaurus:country
    • 1935,George Goodchild, chapter 5, inDeath on the Centre Court:
      By one o'clock the place was choc-a-bloc.[] The restaurant was packed, and the promenade between the two main courts and the subsidiary courts was thronged with healthy-looking youngish people, drawn to the Mecca of tennis from all parts of thecountry.
    • 1986 April 15,Michael Parenti, 02:53 from the start, inU.S. interventionism, the Third World, and the USSR[1],Boulder,Colorado:
      But that expropriation of the Third World, [that] has been going on for 400 years, brings us to another revelation: namely, that the Third World is not poor. You don't go to poorcountries to make money. There are very few poorcountries in this world. Mostcountries are rich: the Philippines are rich, Brazil is rich, Mexico is rich, Chile is rich; only the people are poor. But there's billions to be made there, to be carved out, and to be taken; there's been billions for 400 years! The Capitalist European and North American powers have carved out and taken the timber, the flax, the hemp, the cocoa, the rum, the tin, the copper, the iron, the rubber, the bauxite, the slaves, and the cheap labour. They have taken out of thesecountries. Thesecountries are not underdeveloped; they're overexploited!
    • 1994, Nelson Mandela,Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela, London:Abacus, published2010, page 3:
      It is a beautifulcountry of rolling hills, fertile valleys, and a thousand rivers and streams which keep the landscape green even in winter.
    • 2010,The Economist, 3 Feb 2011:
      These days corporate Germany looks rather different. Volkswagen, thecountry’s leading carmaker, wants to be the world’s biggest by 2018.
    • 2013 June 22, “T time”, inThe Economist, volume407, number8841, page68:
      The ability to shift profits to low-taxcountries by locating intellectual property in them, which is then licensed to related businesses in high-taxcountries, is often assumed to be the preserve of high-tech companies.
    • 2024 July 4, Lilit Marcus, “This country has a national happiness index. But what is it really like to live there?”, inCNN[2]:
      Most foreigners who have heard of Bhutan know two things: thecountry charges international visitors a $100/day sustainable development fee (aka tourist tax), and that it is the birthplace of the Gross National Happiness Index, a system intended to look after the well-being of citizens and the environment.
  2. (uncountable, countable) A somewhat precisely delimitedregion ofland having particular human occupation or agreed limits, especially inhabited by members of the samerace, speakers of the same language etc., or associated with a given person, occupation, species etc.[from 13th c.]
    • 2007 February 17, Chris Moss,The Guardian:
      This is condorcountry – the only region this far east where you can see the magnificent vulture – and a small national park straddling the passes, El Condorito, is a good stopover for walkers and birders.
    I enjoy wildcountry best.
    1. (especially UK, uncountable, countable) An area of land; adistrict,region.[from 13th c.]
      • 2010 March 7, David Vann,The Observer:
        We walk along flat, opencountry, red dirt and spinifex grass, a few short trees [].
  3. (uncountable, usually preceded by “the”) A rural area, as opposed to atown orcity; thecountryside.[from 16th c.]
    • 1603,Michel de Montaigne, chapter 17, inJohn Florio, transl.,The Essayes [], book II, London: [] Val[entine] Simmes forEdward Blount [],→OCLC:
      I was borne and brought up in theCountrie, and amidst husbandry [].
    • 2000 March 4, Alexander Chancellor,The Guardian:
      I have always thought that one of the main reasons for the popularity of blood sports in thecountry is the pointlessness of going outdoors with no purpose or destination in mind.
    • 2006 May, James B. Weld,Difficulties in Learning English as a Second or Foreign Language[3],Regis University,page37:
      She grew up in Chang-hua, a city in central Taiwan with a decidedlycountry flavor.
  4. (Australia, usually capitalised)Traditional lands ofIndigenous people withembeddedcultural,spiritual,cosmological,ecological, andphysical attributes and values.
    • 1842 February 16,The Inquirer, Perth, page 5, column 2:
      "Me like mycountry — no much too hot, no much too cold. By and bye, white fellow come — soldier-man come. White fellow say,this our land,that our land — ALLcountry our land. Black fellow say no! mycountry no white fellow'scountry, and black fellow take spear.
    • 1945 September 27,The Chronicle, Adelaide, page35, column 4:
      "Yewi," he said, "me bin longa Fanny Bay gaol five years." On my asking why they put him in gaol he replied. "Australia yourcountry, ain't it?" I replied, "Yes, him mycountry all right." "Well," he then said, "this mycountry here. Brinkencountry other side of the river ain't it?" "That's right," said I. "Well," said Jack, "supposem Japanese come longa thiscountry and you killem, you good man, but suppose Brinken come longa mycountry here, and I kill him, police man put me longa Fanny Bay for five years. That is the law."
    • 2008 July 23,The Torres News, page 5, column 1:
      "It demonstrates that having Indigenous people oncountry managing their lands, delivering environmental benefits for all Australians is an important asset for the national good."
    • 2015 March 11, Calla Wahlquist, “Of three remote communities here, why are only the two Aboriginal ones under threat?”, inThe Guardian[4], London:Guardian News & Media,→ISSN,→OCLC, archived fromthe original on2022-10-07:
      Milgin says living oncountry, with elders, makes Aboriginal people "strong". That's backed up by a 2011 report on Aboriginal homelands by Amnesty International that found that living on homelands was connected to better health outcomes and drug rehabilitation.
    • 2021 July 8,The Air Force News, page16, column 2:
      Whatcountry do you live/work on? I work on Yuggera Yuggarapulcountry and I'm from Darwin, Larrakiacountry.
  5. Ellipsis ofcountry music.[from 20th c.]
    acountry song
    acountry singer
    acountry festival
  6. (informal) Thespirit of thecountry (rural places): the spirit of countryfolkways; those folkways.
    you can take the boy out of the country, but you can't take thecountry out of the boy
  7. (mining) Therock through which avein ofore orcoal runs.
    Coordinate terms:gangue,overburden

Usage notes

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The geographical sense of "country" usually refers to asovereign state, that is, a nation with no administrative dependence on another one, which is the definition adopted in most world maps. In a broader sense, however, "country" may also refer to polities, or their territories, with some degree of autonomy and cultural identity but still under the sovereignty of another state. Examples of the latter includeScotland,Tibet,Abkhazia, andGreenland. Such usage may be interpreted as supportingsecessionism of these polities by others.

Hyponyms

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See alsoThesaurus:country.

Hyponyms ofcountry (noun)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Translations

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region of land
nation state
the country, rural area, as opposed to the town or city
country music

See also

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Adjective

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country (notcomparable)

  1. From or in thecountryside, connected with it, or typical of it.
    Things around here are just a little morecountry than what he's used to.
  2. Of or connected tocountry music.
    They're mainly a hard rock band, but their new album sounds kindacountry to me.
  3. (India, historical) Originating inIndia rather than being imported fromEurope or elsewhere.
    • 1872,Silk in India, page16:
      We have seen that the Company manufactured silk stuffs at three of its Residencies, but fromcountry-wound silk.
    • 1884,Journal of the United Service Institution of India, page185:
      A reference to the Annual Administration Reports of the Department of Horse-breeding Operations[] will allow of the opinion being arrived at, that the breed ofcountry horses under the present regime is steadily improving.
    • 1937, Brigadier-General H. A. Young,The East India Company’s Arsenals & Manufactories:
      Country harness costs nearly as much, lasts half the time, and is in every respect inferior. It is understood that the only reason is that the Court desires to improve and encourage Indian manufactures.

Related terms

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Translations

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of, from or pertaining to the countryside(adjective)

References

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  1. ^Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “country (n.)”, inOnline Etymology Dictionary.

Basque

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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country inan

  1. country music

Declension

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Declension ofcountry(inanimate, singular only, ending in vowel)
indefinitesingular
absolutivecountrycountry-a
ergativecountry-ak
dativecountry-ari
genitivecountry-aren
comitativecountry-arekin
causativecountry-arengatik
benefactivecountry-arentzat
instrumentalcountry-zcountry-az
inessivecountry-an
locative
allative
terminative
directive
destinative
ablative
partitivecountry-rik
prolativecountry-tzat

Further reading

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  • country”, inEuskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque),Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]

Finnish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcountry.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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country

  1. country music

Declension

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Inflection ofcountry (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominativecountry
genitivecountryn
partitivecountrya
illativecountryyn
singularplural
nominativecountry
accusativenom.country
gen.countryn
genitivecountryn
partitivecountrya
inessivecountryssa
elativecountrysta
illativecountryyn
adessivecountrylla
ablativecountrylta
allativecountrylle
essivecountryna
translativecountryksi
abessivecountrytta
instructive
comitativeSee the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms ofcountry(Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singularplural
nominativecountryni
accusativenom.countryni
gen.countryni
genitivecountryni
partitivecountryani
inessivecountryssani
elativecountrystani
illativecountryyni
adessivecountryllani
ablativecountryltani
allativecountrylleni
essivecountrynani
translativecountrykseni
abessivecountryttani
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singularplural
nominativecountrysi
accusativenom.countrysi
gen.countrysi
genitivecountrysi
partitivecountryasi
inessivecountryssasi
elativecountrystasi
illativecountryysi
adessivecountryllasi
ablativecountryltasi
allativecountryllesi
essivecountrynasi
translativecountryksesi
abessivecountryttasi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singularplural
nominativecountrymme
accusativenom.countrymme
gen.countrymme
genitivecountrymme
partitivecountryamme
inessivecountryssamme
elativecountrystamme
illativecountryymme
adessivecountryllamme
ablativecountryltamme
allativecountryllemme
essivecountrynamme
translativecountryksemme
abessivecountryttamme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singularplural
nominativecountrynne
accusativenom.countrynne
gen.countrynne
genitivecountrynne
partitivecountryanne
inessivecountryssanne
elativecountrystanne
illativecountryynne
adessivecountryllanne
ablativecountryltanne
allativecountryllenne
essivecountrynanne
translativecountryksenne
abessivecountryttanne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singularplural
nominativecountrynsa
accusativenom.countrynsa
gen.countrynsa
genitivecountrynsa
partitivecountryaan
countryansa
inessivecountryssaan
countryssansa
elativecountrystaan
countrystansa
illativecountryynsa
adessivecountryllaan
countryllansa
ablativecountryltaan
countryltansa
allativecountrylleen
countryllensa
essivecountrynaan
countrynansa
translativecountrykseen
countryksensa
abessivecountryttaan
countryttansa
instructive
comitative

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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compounds

Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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FromEnglish.Doublet ofcontrée.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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country m (uncountable)

  1. country music

Italian

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcountry.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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country m (invariable)

  1. (music)country music

References

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  1. ^country inLuciano Canepari,Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl

Etymology

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Pseudo-anglicism, derived fromcountry music.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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country n (indeclinable)

  1. country,country music

Derived terms

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adjectives

Further reading

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  • country inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • country in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcountry. The pronunciation reflects the incorrect belief that theoun represents/aʊn/ in the English etymon.

Pronunciation

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  • (Brazil)IPA(key): /ˈkaw̃.tɾi/[ˈkaʊ̯̃.tɾi],/ˈkɐ̃.tɾi/

Noun

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country m (uncountable)

  1. country music

Romanian

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcountry.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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country m orn (feminine singularcountryă,masculine pluralcountryi,feminine and neuter pluralcountrye)

  1. country(music)

Declension

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Declension ofcountry
singularplural
masculineneuterfemininemasculineneuterfeminine
nominative-
accusative
indefinitecountrycountryăcountryicountrye
definitecountryulcountryacountryiicountryele
genitive-
dative
indefinitecountrycountryecountryicountrye
definitecountryuluicountryeicountryilorcountryelor

Spanish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishcountry.Doublet ofcontrada.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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country m (uncountable)

  1. country music

Usage notes

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According toRoyal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Further reading

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Swedish

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SwedishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediasv

Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishcountry. First attested in 1965.

Noun

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country c (uncountable)

  1. (music)country,country music
    Synonym:countrymusik
    • 1986,Claes Eriksson, “Truckdriving song”, inMacken [The gas station]‎[6], performed byPer Fritzell:
      Howdy, cowboy! Visa nu, vad har du på din mack? Jag behöver fylla skafferiet på min truck [English]. Tuggummi, så klart, snus och chips, en låda dryck, skulle jag bli glad om jag fick. Jag drar min långtradarsång, min lastbilskörarsång, för jag har sån smak för bilar med flak. Jag drar min truckdriving song [English], tjugofyra meter lång, och jag tackar Gud förcountryns alla ljud. Och om låten blir för tråkig, ja, då jag tar jag det kallt. Ja, då byter jag tonart och höjer ett halvt. Ja, jag höjer ett halvt.
      Howdy, cowboy! Show me now, what do you have at your gas station? I need to fill the pantry in my truck [English]. Chewing gum, of course,snus and chips [in the US sense], a case of drink, I would be happy if I got. I do [pull] my big rig song, my truck driving song, because I have such taste for cars with a flatbed [platform]. I do my truckdriving song [English], twenty-four meters long, and I thank God for all the soundsof country music ("forthe country music's all sounds"). And if the song gets too boring, yes, then I stay cool [take it cool]. Yes, then I change the key and raise by a half [step]. Yes, I raise by a half [step].

Declension

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Declension ofcountry
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitecountrycountrys
definitecountryncountryns
pluralindefinite
definite

Further reading

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Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=country&oldid=84325233"
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