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corpus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Corpus

English

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WOTD – 10 June 2016

Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatincorpus(body).Doublet ofcorpse,corps, andriff.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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corpus (pluralcorporaorcorpusesorcorpussesor(proscribed)corpi)

  1. Acollection ofwritten orspoken texts.
    • 2011, Patrick Spedding, James Lambert, “Fanny Hill, Lord Fanny, and the Myth of Metonymy”, inStudies in Philology, volume108, number 1, page113:
      No one suggests that Browning intended to mean vagina when he wrote “owls and bats, / Cowls and twats,” because the context does not allow for it, nor does the greater context of the Browningcorpus.
    1. (specifically, linguistics) Such acollection in form of anelectronicdatabase used forlinguistic analyses.
      Synonyms:digital corpus,text corpus
      • 2007, Mihail Mihailov, Hannu Tommola, “Compiling Parallel Text Corpora: Towards Automation of Routine Procedures”, in Wolfgang Teubert, editor,Text Corpora and Multilingual Lexicography (Benjamins Current Topics; 8), Amsterdam:John Benjamins Publishing Company,→ISBN, page60:
        Textcorpora are being used in most current lexicographic projects. Applied linguistic research is another field where textcorpora are welcome as an inexhaustible source of empirical information, a polygon for testing various linguistic tools – spell-checkers, OCRs, machine translation systems, NLP systems, etc.
      • 2008, Anabel Borja, “Corpora for Translators in Spain. The CDJ-GITRAD Corpus and the GENITT Project.”, in Gunilla[M.] Anderman, Margaret Rogers, editors,Incorporating Corpora: The Linguist and the Translator, Clevedon, North Somerset: Multilingual Matters,→ISBN, page248:
        Comparablecorpora are made up of texts in different languages that may be related in various ways, but are not translations of each other. They may have nothing in common at all, or be on the same subject, of the same genre, or from the same chronological period, etc.
      • 2013, “Introduction”, in Gerry Knowles, Briony Williams, L[ita] Taylor, editors,A Corpus of Formal British English Speech: The Lancaster/IBM Spoken English Corpus, Abingdon, Oxon.; New York, N.Y.:Routledge,→ISBN, page 1:
        The Lancaster/IBM Spoken EnglishCorpus began in September 1984 as part of a research project into the automatic assignment of intonation[] The original design of thecorpus was determined by the need to provide data for research into speech synthesis. As a result, unlike most othercorpora currently being used in the computational linguistics field, the SEC exists in several forms.[] However, whatever the original motivation for compiling acorpus, it quickly becomes an object of interest in its own right. New users find it valuable for applications for which it was not designed.
    • 2014, Giuseppina Balossi, “Corpus Approaches to the Study of Language and Literature”, inA Corpus Linguistic Approach to Literary Language and Characterization: Virginia Woolf's The Waves (Linguistic Approaches to Literature;18), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company,→ISBN, page41:
      Acorpus approach is a useful methodology for observing, describing and interpreting the stylistic features of language in literary and non-literary texts.
    • 2018, James Lambert, “A multitude of ‘lishes’: The nomenclature of hybridity”, inEnglish World-Wide[1], page 4:
      Today, computer databases andcorpora infinitely increase the ease of this type of research, but the collecting process remains essentially the same.
  2. (physics) Astructure of a specialcharacter orfunction in the animal body.
    thecorpus of the uterus
  3. (uncommon) Acollection orbody ofobjects with similarcharacteristics.
    Synonyms:collection;see alsoThesaurus:body
    • 1998, Dimitǎr Draganov, “New Coin Types of Hadrianopolis”, in Ulrike Peter, editor,Stephanos Nomismatikos: Edith Schönert-Geiss zum 65. Geburtstag (Griechisches Münzwerk), Berlin:Akademie Verlag,→ISBN, page221:
      About a hundred years ago in Germany, the publishing ofcorpuses of the ancient Greek coinages was started.[] The significance of those, and some othercorpuses is exclusive, because they allowed an enormous amount of numismatic material kept in museum and private collections all over the world, to be studied and systematized.
    • 2014, Margaret Darling, Barbara Precious, “Introduction”, inA Corpus of Roman Pottery from Lincoln (Lincoln Archaeological Studies; 6), Oxford: Oxbow Books,→ISBN, page 1:
      An assessment in 1991 proposed publication of the results of this work in three stages:[] secondly, acorpus of the Roman pottery to present the type series and to discuss the fabrics and forms recovered,[]
  4. (archaic) Thebody of aman oranimal.

Usage notes

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  • Of the plurals,corpora is the most common one.[1]

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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linguistics: collection of writings
linguistics: electronic text database
bodyseebody

See also

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See also

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other expressions withcorpus

References

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  1. ^corpora,(corpuses*40),(corpusses*5000)”, inGoogle Books Ngram Viewer.

Anagrams

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Basque

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Etymology

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Ultimately fromLatincorpus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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corpus inan

  1. corpus(a collection of writings)

Declension

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Declension ofcorpus(inan C-stem)
indefinitesingularpluralproximal plural
absolutivecorpuscorpusacorpusakcorpusok
ergativecorpusekcorpusakcorpusekcorpusok
dativecorpusicorpusaricorpuseicorpusoi
genitivecorpusencorpusarencorpusencorpuson
comitativecorpusekincorpusarekincorpusekincorpusokin
causativecorpusengatikcorpusarengatikcorpusengatikcorpusongatik
benefactivecorpusentzatcorpusarentzatcorpusentzatcorpusontzat
instrumentalcorpusezcorpusazcorpusezcorpusotaz
innesivecorpusetancorpuseancorpusetancorpusotan
locativecorpusetakocorpusekocorpusetakocorpusotako
allativecorpusetaracorpuseracorpusetaracorpusotara
terminativecorpusetarainocorpuserainocorpusetarainocorpusotaraino
directivecorpusetarantzcorpuserantzcorpusetarantzcorpusotarantz
destinativecorpusetarakocorpuserakocorpusetarakocorpusotarako
ablativecorpusetatikcorpusetikcorpusetatikcorpusotatik
partitivecorpusik
prolativecorpustzat

Further reading

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  • corpus”, inEuskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque),Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]

Catalan

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatincorpus.Doublet ofcos.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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corpus m (invariable)

  1. corpus(a collection of writings)

Further reading

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Dutch

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DutchWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedianl

Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatincorpus.Doublet ofcorps andkorps.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkɔr.pʏs/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation:cor‧pus

Noun

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corpus n (pluralcorporaorcorpussen,diminutivecorpusje n)

  1. a collection of writings, atextcorpus

Usage notes

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The word retained the original Latin neuter gender. It is one of the few Dutch words ending on-us that is not masculine.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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  • corpus” inWoordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]

French

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromLatincorpus(body).Doublet ofcorps.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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corpus m (invariable)

  1. (linguistics) acorpus, abody oftexts

Further reading

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Latin

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LatinWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediala

Etymology

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FromProto-Italic*korpos, fromProto-Indo-European*krépos(body), from the root*krep-. Equivalent to theProto-Germanic neuter noun*hrefaz(body, torso), whence e.g.Old High Germanhref,Old Dutchref,Old Englishhrif (>Englishriff).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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corpus n (genitivecorporis);third declension

  1. (anatomy)body,person(person when used to mean "human body", e.g., "on one's person")
    • c. 65 AD,Seneca Minor,Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, Epistula XCII
      Nemo liber est quicorpori servit.
      No one is free who is a slaveto the body.
  2. substance,material(physical, perceptible to the senses)
    Synonym:rēs
  3. theflesh of ananimal's body
  4. acorpse
    Synonyms:cadāver,mors,fūnus,caedēs
  5. thetrunk orshaft of something
  6. (figuratively) thewood under thebark of atree
  7. (Medieval Latin) acorpus(collection of writings by a single author or addressing a certain topic)
  8. (metonymic)person,individual
  9. (metonymic) aframe, body,system,structure,community,corporation
  10. (New Latin, physics) a physical object, abody (as in a celestial body)

Declension

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Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

singularplural
nominativecorpuscorpora
genitivecorporiscorporum
dativecorporīcorporibus
accusativecorpuscorpora
ablativecorporecorporibus
vocativecorpuscorpora

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Descendants

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Descendants

References

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  1. ^De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “corpus, -oris”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,pages137-8

Further reading

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  • corpus”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879),A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • corpus”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891),An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "corpus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • corpus”, inGaffiot, Félix (1934),Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894),Latin Phrase-Book[2], London:Macmillan and Co.
    • to spread over the whole body:per totum corpus diffundi
    • bodily strength:vires corporis or merelyvires
    • a good constitution:firma corporis constitutio oraffectio
    • sensual pleasure:voluptates (corporis)
    • to refresh oneself, minister to one's bodily wants:corpus curare (cibo, vino, somno)
    • to devote oneself body and soul to the good of the state:totum et animo et corpore in salutem rei publicae se conferre
    • the free men are sold as slaves:libera corpora sub corona (hasta) veneunt (B. G. 3. 16. 4)
    • wounds (scars) on the breast:vulnera adverso corpore accepta
  • corpus”, inWilliam Smith et al., editor (1890),A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995),New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press,→ISBN

Anagrams

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Portuguese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromLatincorpus.Doublet ofcorpo andcós.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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corpus m (pluralcorporaor(nonstandard)corpus)

  1. (linguistics)corpus(collection of writings)

Usage notes

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This term is prescriptively spelled without an accent and italicized; the adapted spellingcórpus isnonstandard.

Further reading

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatincorpus.Doublet ofcorp.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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corpus n (pluralcorpusuri)

  1. corpus

Declension

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singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativecorpuscorpusulcorpusuricorpusurile
genitive-dativecorpuscorpusuluicorpusuricorpusurilor
vocativecorpusulecorpusurilor

Further reading

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Sardinian

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Etymology

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FromLatincorpus, fromProto-Italic*korpos, fromProto-Indo-European*krépos ~ *krépesos, derived from the root*krep-(body). CompareEnglishriff.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkorpus/,[ˈkor.pu.zŭ]

Noun

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corpus m (pluralcorpos)

  1. (anatomy)body(physical structure of a human or animal)
    tènnere unucorpus atlèticuto have an athleticbody
  2. body(fleshly or corporeal nature of a human)
    Antonyms:ànima,ispìritu
    sos disìgios de sucorpusthebody's desires
  3. body(any physical object or material thing)
    Cale si siatcorpus est sugetu a sa fortza de gravidadeAnybody is subject to gravitational force
  4. body,corpse
  5. body(organisation, company or other authoritative group)

Spanish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatincorpus, possibly through the intermediate ofEnglishcorpus, according to the RAE.[1] Doublet of the inheritedcuerpo.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkoɾpus/[ˈkoɾ.pus]
  • Rhymes:-oɾpus
  • Syllabification:cor‧pus

Noun

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corpus m (pluralcorpus)

  1. corpus(a collection of writings)

References

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  1. ^corpus”, inDiccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8,Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish:Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024

Further reading

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