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consummate

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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WOTD – 30 September 2008

Etymology 1

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First attested in the beginning of the 15th century, inMiddle English;inherited fromMiddle Englishconsummat(e)((past participle) fulfilled, completed; (adjective) perfect, consummate), borrowed fromLatincōnsummātus,perfectpassiveparticiple ofcōnsummō(to sum up, finish, complete) (see-ate(adjective-forming suffix)), fromcon-(together) +summa(a sum) +(verb-forming suffix); seesum,summation. Common participial usage up untilEarly Modern English.

Pronunciation

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  • (UK)enPR:kŏn'səmət,kŏn'syo͝omət,kənsŭm'ĭt,IPA(key): /ˈkɒnsəmət/,/ˈkɒnsjʊmət/,/kənˈsʌmɪt/
  • (US)enPR:kŏn'səmət,kənsŭm'ĭt,IPA(key): /ˈkɑnsəmət/,/kənˈsʌmɪt/
  • Audio(US):(file)

Adjective

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consummate (comparativemoreconsummate,superlativemostconsummate)

  1. Complete in every detail,perfect,absolute.
    Synonyms:absolute,complete,perfect,sheer,total,utter;see alsoThesaurus:total
  2. Supremelyskilled andexperienced; highlyaccomplished; fullyqualified.
    Synonyms:seeThesaurus:skilled
    aconsummate sergeant
    • 1843, [John Ruskin], “Preface to the second edition”, inModern Painters [], volume I, London:Smith, Elder and Co., [],→OCLC,page xxxii:
      Thus[] he loses sight of the remoter truth, that details perfect in unity, and, contributing to a final purpose, are the sign of the production of aconsummate master.
    • 1900, John Comfort Filmore,Pianoforte Music: Its history, with Biographical Sketches and Critical Estimates of its Greatest Masters[2], Presser, page17:
      Many of these works are of permanent value from their nobility and beauty of style and their intrinsic emotional significance, and all are characterized by high intellectual qualities, andconsummate musicianship.
    • 1910, Lionel Giles (translator),The Art of War,Section IV (originally bySun Tzu)
      Theconsummate leader cultivates the moral law, []  ; thus it is in his power to control success.
    • 2022 December 28, Jori Finkel, “Making Intergalactic and Intergenerational Art”, inThe New York Times[3]:
      I didn’t understand why at the time, but Jasmine is such aconsummate performer and had already developed her idea of the role.
    • 2021 March 10, Gia Kourlas, “Ballet Is Hard Enough. What Happens When You Lose a Year?”, inThe New York Times[4]:
      At Ballet Theater, [James] Whiteside is in demand. His classical variations are high-octane sprints; he lifts ballerinas like they’re feathers. Hisconsummate athleticism allows him to be the versatile artist he is: modern or dashing, playful or tragic.
  3. (obsolete, as a participle)
    1. Consummated,completed,perfected, fullyaccomplished.
      • 1615,George Chapman,Odyssey:
        Till righteous fate Upon the Wooers' wrongs wereconsummate.
    2. (of a marriage)Consummated.
Derived terms
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Translations
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complete, perfect, absolute
supremely skilled and experienced

Etymology 2

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First attested inc. 1525; eitherinherited fromMiddle English*consummaten(only attested in compound tenses) or directlyborrowed fromLatinconsummātus, see-ate(verb-forming suffix) andEtymology 1 for more.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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consummate (third-person singular simple presentconsummates,present participleconsummating,simple past and past participleconsummated)

  1. (transitive) To bring (a task, project, goal etc.) tocompletion; toaccomplish.
    Synonyms:complete,finish,round off;see alsoThesaurus:end
    • 1921,James Truslow Adams,The Founding of New England,chapter III:
      Although it was agreed by all that discovery must beconsummated by possession and use,[]
    • 1926, chapterX, inAgainst the Grain, translation ofÀ rebours byJoris-Karl Huysmans:
      In one word, in perfumery the artist completes andconsummates the original natural odour, which he cuts, so to speak, and mounts as a jeweller improves and brings out the water of a precious stone.
  2. (transitive) To makeperfect,achieve, give thefinishing touch.
    Synonyms:complete,perfect,top off
  3. (transitive) To make (amarriage)complete by engaging in firstsexual intercourse.
    the marriage was neverconsummated
    After the reception, he escorted her to the honeymoon suite toconsummate their marriage.
    • 1890, Giovanni Boccaccio, “part 10”, in James MacMullen Rigg, transl.,The Decameron, volume 2:
      [] in the essay which he made the very first night to serve her so as toconsummate the marriage he made a false move,[]
    • 1913, Augustinus Lehmkuhl, Walter George Smith, “Divorce”, inCatholic Encyclopedia:
      In Christian marriage, which implies the restoration, by Christ Himself, of marriage to its original indissolubility, there can never be an absolute divorce, at least after the marriage has beenconsummated;
    • 2000, Matthew H. Sommer, “Widows in the Qing Chastity Cult: The Nexus of Sex and Property in Law and in Women's Lives”, inSex, Law, and Society in Late Imperial China[5], Stanford, Cali.:Stanford University Press,→ISBN,→LCCN,→OCLC,page187:
      In a 1739 case from Laifeng County, Hubei, the widow Zhang Shi (forty-fivesui) was killed by her new second husband, Jiang Changyi (forty-threesui), when she refused toconsummate her marriage with him.
  4. (intransitive) To becomeperfected, receive thefinishing touch.
    Synonyms:come to a head,mature,ripe
Derived terms
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Translations
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to bring something to completion
to make a marriage complete by engaging in first sexual intercourse
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Related terms

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Further reading

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Latin

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Verb

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cōnsummāte

  1. second-personpluralpresentactiveimperative ofcōnsummō
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