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common

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Common

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishcomun, fromAnglo-Normancomun, fromOld Frenchcomun (rare in theGallo-Romance languages, but reinforced as aCarolingian calque ofProto-West Germanic*gamainī(common) inOld French), fromLatincommūnis(common, public, general), fromProto-Indo-European*ḱom-moy-ni-s(held in common), fromProto-Indo-European*mey-(to exchange, change). Displaced nativeMiddle Englishimene,ȝemǣne(common, general, universal) (fromOld Englishġemǣne(common, universal)),Middle Englishmene,mǣne(mean, common) (also fromOld Englishġemǣne(common, universal)),Middle Englishsamen,somen(in common, together) (fromOld Englishsamen(together)).Doublet ofgmina andmean.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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common (comparativemorecommonorcommoner,superlativemostcommonorcommonest)

  1. Mutual;shared bymore thanone.
    The two competitors have thecommon aim of winning the championship.
    Winning the championship is an aimcommon to the two competitors.
    • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIX, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      Nothing was too small to receive attention, if a supervising eye could suggest improvements likely to conduce to thecommon welfare. Mr. Gordon Burnage, for instance, personally visited dust-bins and back premises, accompanied by a sort of village bailiff, going his round like a commanding officer doing billets.
    • 1961 November 10,Joseph Heller, “The Soldier in White”, inCatch-22 [], New York, N.Y.:Simon and Schuster,→OCLC,page169:
      They shared acommon dread that he would begin moaning.
  2. Of aquality:existing among virtually all people;universal.
  3. Occurring orhappeningregularly orfrequently;usual.
    It iscommon to find sharks off this coast.
    • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson],In Memoriam, London:Edward Moxon, [],→OCLC, Canto VI:
      That loss iscommon would not make
      ⁠My own less bitter, rather more:
      ⁠Toocommon! Never morning wore
      To evening, but some heart did break.
    • 2013 May-June,Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, inAmerican Scientist, volume101, number 3, page193:
      Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola. A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order ofcommon reservoir hosts: rodents.
  4. Found inlargenumbers or in a largequantity;usual.
    "Commoner" used to becommoner, but "morecommon" is now morecommon.
    Sharks arecommon in these waters.
    It differs from thecommon blackbird in the size of its beak.
    • 2012 March, Lee A. Groat, “Gemstones”, inAmerican Scientist[1], volume100, number 2, archived fromthe original on14 June 2012, page128:
      Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are […] . (Common gem materials not addressed in this article include amber, amethyst, chalcedony, garnet, lazurite, malachite, opals, peridot, rhodonite, spinel, tourmaline, turquoise and zircon.)
    • 2019 February 3, “UN Study: China, US, Japan Lead World AI Development”, inVoice of America[2], archived fromthe original on7 February 2019:
      Machine learning was the mostcommon method of AI listed in patent requests.
      Audio(US):(file)
    • 2023 January 3,Dacher Keltner, “The Quiet Profundity of Everyday Awe”, inThe Atlantic[3], Washington, D.C.: The Atlantic Monthly Group,→ISSN,→OCLC, archived fromthe original on2023-03-14:
      In our daily-diary studies, one source of awe was by far the mostcommon: other people. Regular acts of courage—bystanders defusing fights, subordinates standing up to abusive power holders—inspired awe.
  5. Simple,ordinary orvulgar.
    thecommon folk
  6. (taxonomy) As part of thevernacular name of a species, usually denoting that it is abundant or widely known.
  7. (taxonomy)Vernacular, referring to the name of a kind of plant or animal.
    common name vs.scientific name.
  8. (law) Arising fromuse ortradition, as opposed to being created by alegislative body.
  9. (grammar) Of, pertaining or belonging to thecommon gender.
  10. (grammar) Of or pertaining tocommon nouns as opposed toproper nouns.
  11. (obsolete)Profane;polluted.
  12. (obsolete) Given tolewd habits;prostitute.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Translations

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mutual
usual
found in large numbers or in a large quantity
ordinary
grammar: of the gender resulting from the coalescence of the masculine and feminine genders
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Noun

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common (pluralcommons)

  1. Mutualgood, shared by more than one.
  2. Atract ofland in commonownership;common land.
    Synonym:(sg)commons
    • 1944,Miles Burton, chapter 5, inThe Three Corpse Trick:
      The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of rank weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the originalcommon.
    • 1980,AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, pages264-265:
      Throughout the land there is a great variation in the shape and size of village greens, from the many of pocket-handkerchief size to a roadsidecommon of 20 acres or more - as at Lindfield in West Sussex.
  3. Thepeople; thecommunity.
  4. (law) Theright of taking aprofit in theland of another, in common either with the owner or with other persons; so called from the community of interest which arises between the claimant of the right and the owner of the soil, or between the claimants and other commoners entitled to the same right.

Translations

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mutual good
tract of land

Verb

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common (third-person singular simple presentcommons,present participlecommoning,simple past and past participlecommoned)

  1. (obsolete) Tocommunicate (something).
  2. (obsolete) Toconverse,talk.
  3. (obsolete) Tohave sex.
  4. (obsolete) Toparticipate.
  5. (obsolete) To have ajointright with others incommon ground.
  6. (obsolete) Toboard together; to eat at a table in common.

Derived terms

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Terms derived from the adjective, noun, or verbcommon
Place names with affix "Common"

References

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Chinese

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Etymology

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FromEnglishcommon.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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common

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese)common;usual;widespread

See also

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References

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