cognosco

1. (obsolete)first-personsingularpresentindicative ofcognoscere

• conōscō(Late Latin)

Fromcon-(prefix indicating completion) +‎gnōscō(“to know”).

• (Classical Latin)IPA^(key): /koɡˈnoːs.koː/,[kɔŋˈnoːs̠koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): /koɲˈɲos.ko/,[koɲˈɲɔsko]

cognōscō (present infinitivecognōscere,perfect activecognōvī,supinecognitum);third conjugation

1. tolearn, toget to know

   Synonyms:agnōscō,inveniō,sentiō,cōnsciō,sapiō,sciō,nōscō,scīscō,intellegō,percipiō,discernō,comperiō,tongeō,cernō,audiō

   Antonyms:ignōrō,nesciō

   ab (orex)aliquacognoscere ―tolearn from someone

   • c. 52BCE,Julius Caesar,Commentarii de Bello Gallico1.21:

     Eodem die ab exploratoribus certior factus hostes sub monte consedisse milia passuum ab ipsius castris octo, qualis esset natura montis et qualis in circuitu ascensus quicognoscerent misit.

     Having been informed by explorers that the enemy had sat down at the feet of a mount about eight thousand paces away from his camp, he [Julius Caesar] sent men toknow what the mount was like and what was its ascent.

   • 405CE,Jerome,Vulgate Ecclesiastes.3.12–13:

     Etcognovi quod non esset melius nisi laetari et facere bene in vita sua.
     Omnis enim homo qui comedit et bibit et videt bonum de labore suo: hoc donum Dei est.

     And Ilearned that there's nothing better than to be happy and do good in one's life. Every person who eats and drinks and sees the fruit of work: this is God's gift.

2. to beacquainted (with someone),recognize,apprehend
   • c. 194BCE,Plautus,Poenulus1130:

     Giddene(ne)s. "Cognoscin Giddenenem ancillam tuam?".Hanno. Novi.

     "Do you know Giddenes, your servant maid?" "I know her".

3. (in perfect tense) toknow,perceive,understand

   Synonyms:comprehendō,dēprehendō,apprehendō,accipiō,concipiō,teneō,apīscor,capiō,complector,excipiō,cōnsequor,exaudiō

   • 86BCE –c. 35BCE,Sallust,Jugurtha 79:

     Cyrenenses tardius iere. Id socordiane an casu adciderit, parumcognovi.

     The Cyrenians went late.I know little about whether this event of laziness truly happened.

   • 106BCE – 43BCE,Cicero,Ad Atticum 15.17:

     De consulum ficto timorecognoveram; Sicca enimφιλοστόργως ille quidem sed tumultuosius ad me etiam illam suspicionem pertulit.

     Iknew about the consuls' imagined fear; our beloved man Sicca told me of course, even if rather disturbed, about that speculation too.

4. tohave sex with,(biblical) toknow
   • 43BCE –c. 17CE,Ovid,The Heroines6.133–4:

     Turpiter illa virumcognovit adultera virgo;
     me tibi, teque mihi, taeda pudica dedit.

     Shamelessly, shelay with a man as an adulterous virgin, (but) a chaste wedding torch gave me to you, and you to me.

   • 405CE,Jerome,Vulgate Genesis.4.1:

     Adam verocognovit Havam uxorem suam, quae concepit et peperit Cain

     Adamknew his wife Eve, who conceived and gave birth to Cain

¹The verb "nōscō" and its compounds frequently drop the syllables "vi" and "ve" from their perfect, pluperfect and future perfect conjugations.

• accognōscō
• cognitiō
• incognitus
• praecognōscō
• recognōscō

Relexes of the Late Latin variantconōscō:

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “cognoscere”, inFranzösisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume2: C Q K,page848

• “cognosco”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cognosco”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891)An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cognosco inGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894)Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London:Macmillan and Co.
  • to study Plato:Platonem legere et cognoscere
    
  • to hold an inquiry into a matter:aliquid, causam cognoscere
    
• cognosco inRamminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed))Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• cognosco inEnrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025),Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication

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