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charge

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Charge,CHARGE,chargé,andChargé

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European*ḱers-
Proto-Indo-European*-ós
Proto-Indo-European*ḱr̥sós
Proto-Celtic*karros
Late Latincarrus
Late Latin-ico
Late Latincarricō
Late Latincarricāre
Old Frenchchargierder.
Middle Englishchargen
Englishcharge

    FromMiddle Englishchargen, fromOld Frenchchargier, fromLate Latincarricō(“to load”), fromLatincarrus(“a car, wagon”); seecar.Doublet ofcargo.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    charge (countable anduncountable,pluralcharges)

    1. The amount of moneylevied for aservice.
      There will be acharge of five dollars.
    2. (military) Anattack in which combatants rush towards an enemy in an attempt to engage in close combat.
    3. Aforcefulforwardmovement.
      • 2011 March 2, Chris Whyatt, “Arsenal 5 - 0 Leyton Orient”, inBBC‎[1]:
        Abou Diaby should have added Arsenal's fourth in the 50th minute after he danced round a host of defenders on acharge towards goal
    5. Anaccusation.
      Synonym:count
      1. An official description (by the police or a court) of a crime that somebody may be guilty of.
        twocharges of manslaughter
        • 2006, Noire[pseudonym],Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.:One World,Ballantine Books,→ISBN,page108:
          "Ain't gone be no Rikers Island for you next time," I warned him. "You get tapped on another guncharge and you looking at some upstate time."
      2. An accusation by a person or organization.
        That's a slanderouscharge of abuse of trust.
    6. (electromagnetism, chemistry, physics, countable, uncountable) Anelectric charge.
    7. The scope of someone'sresponsibility.
      The child was in the nanny'scharge.
      • 1848 April 24,John K. Kane, opinion,United Statesv. Hutchison, as reported inThe Pennsylvania law Journal, June 1848 edition, as reprinted in, 1848,The Pennsylvania Law Journal volume 7, page 366 [2]:
        He had the key of a closet in which the moneys of this fund were kept, but the outer key of the vault, of which the closet formed part, was in thecharge of another person.
    8. Someone or somethingentrusted to one's care, such as a child to a babysitter or a student to a teacher.
      The child was acharge of the nanny.
    9. Aload orburden;cargo.
      The ship had acharge of colonists and their belongings.
    10. Aninstruction.
      I gave him thecharge to get the deal closed by the end of the month.
    11. (property law) Amortgage.
    12. (basketball) Anoffensive foul in which the player with the ball moves into a stationary defender.
    13. (firearms) A measured amount ofpowder and/orshot in acartridge.
    14. (by extension) A measured amount ofexplosive.
      • 1953,Samuel Beckett,Watt,[Paris]:Olympia Press,→OCLC:
        Watt might have broken the door down, with an axe, or a crow, or a smallcharge of explosive, but this might have aroused Erskine's suspicions, and Watt did not want that.
    16. (heraldry) An image displayed on anescutcheon.
      Hypernym:bearing
      Comeronym:field
      Near-synonym:emblem
    17. (weaponry) A position (of a weapon) fitted for attack.
      to bring a weapon to thecharge
    18. (farriery) A sort of plaster or ointment.
    19. (obsolete) Weight; import; value.
    20. (historical or obsolete) A measure of thirty-sixpigs oflead, each pig weighing about seventy pounds; acharre.
    21. (ecclesiastical) An address given at a church service concluding avisitation.
    22. (slang, uncountable)Cannabis.
      • 1966, Alan Bestic,Turn Me on Man, page58:
        At about the same time I went off pills and started smokingcharge marijuana, you know.
      • 1970, Sean O'Callaghan,Drug Addiction in Britain, page51:
        It had been a false alarm, and £2 worth ofcharge (marijuana) had gone out of the window.

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • → Malay:caj (fee)
    • → Malay:cas (electrical charge)

    Translations

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    amount of money levied for a service
    military: ground attack
    forceful forward movement—see alsocharging
    accusation
    electric charge
    scope of responsibility
    someone or something entrusted to one's care
    load or burden
    instruction
    property law: mortgage—seemortgage
    basketball: offensive foul
    measured amount of powder and/or shot
    measured amount of explosive
    heraldry: image displayed on an escutcheon
    position of a weapon fitted for attack
    sort of plaster or ointment
    weight; import; value
    measure of thirty-six pigs of lead—seecharre
    address given at a church service concluding a visitation

    Verb

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    charge (third-person singular simple presentcharges,present participlecharging,simple past and past participlecharged)

    1. Toassign aduty orresponsibility to; to order.
    2. (transitive) To assign (adebit) to anaccount.
      Let'scharge this to marketing.
    3. (ambitransitive) Torequirepayment (of) (a price or fee, for goods, services, etc.).
      tocharge high for goods
      I won'tcharge you for the wheat.
      • 2013 July 19,Peter Wilby, “Finland spreads word on schools”, inThe Guardian Weekly, volume189, number 6, page30:
        Imagine a country where children do nothing but play until they start compulsory schooling at age seven. Then, without exception, they attend comprehensives until the age of 16.Charging school fees is illegal, and so is sorting pupils into ability groups by streaming or setting.
    4. (transitive, chiefly US) Topay on account,as by using acredit card.
      Can Icharge my purchase to my credit card?
      Can Icharge this purchase?
    5. (transitive, dated) Tosell (something) at a givenprice.
      tocharge coal at $5 per unit
    6. (transitive, criminal law, law enforcement) Toformallyaccuse (a person) of acrime.
      Synonyms:criminate,inculpate,indict;see alsoThesaurus:incriminate
      I'mcharging you with assault and battery.
    7. (transitive, property law) Tomortgage (a property).
    8. Toimpute orascribe.
      Synonyms:attribute,chalk up to,put down to;see alsoThesaurus:ascribe
    9. Tocall to account; tochallenge.
    10. (transitive) To place aburden,load orresponsibility on or in.
      • 1693, [John Locke], “§64”, inSome Thoughts Concerning Education, London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […],→OCLC:
        thecharging of children's memories[…] with rules
      • 1800, James Hogg,The Mysterious Bride:
        [H]er grandfather[…]charged her as she valued her life never to mention that again[…]
      • 1911,The Encyclopedia Britannica, entry onMoya:
        [A] huge torrent of boiling black mud,charged with blocks of rock and moving with enormous rapidity, rolled like an avalanche down the gorge.
      1. Toornament with or cause tobear.
        tocharge an architectural member with a moulding
      2. (heraldry) Toassume as abearing.
        Hecharges three roses.
      3. (heraldry) Toadd to orrepresent on.
        Hecharges his shield with three roses or.
        • 1956 July, Col. H. C. B. Rogers, “Railway Heraldry”, inRailway Magazine, pages476-477:
          Within a blue garter inscribed "Great Northern Railway Ireland" is a shield, on which are marshalled the arms of the principal towns in the company's area. The shield is divided quarterly with the arms ofDublin in the first quarter,Londonderry in the second quarter,Enniskillen in the third, andBelfast in the fourth; and overall is a gold inescutcheon (a small shield placed in the centre of the large shield)charged with the red left hand ofUlster.
    11. (transitive) To load equipment with material required for its use, as afirearm with powder, a fire hose with water, a chemical reactor with raw materials.
      Charge your weapons; we're moving up.
      1. (transitive) To cause to take on anelectric charge.
        Rubbing amber with wool willcharge it quickly.
      2. (transitive) Toreplenish energy to (a battery, or a device containing a battery) by use of an electrical device plugged into a power outlet.
        Hecharged the battery overnight.
        Don't forget tocharge the drill.
        Icharge my phone every night.
      3. (intransitive, of a battery or a device containing a battery) To replenish energy.
        The battery is stillcharging: I can't use it yet.
        His cell phonecharges very quickly, whereas mine takes forever.
    12. (intransitive) To moveforwardquickly andforcefully, particularly incombat and/or onhorseback.
      • 2019 February 27, Drachinifel, 16:22 from the start, inThe Battle of Samar - Odds? What are those?‎[3], archived fromthe original on3 November 2022:
        Faced with an enemy whose largest gun turrets weigh more than the entire ship,Johnston decides that running is boring, and instead pulls a full 180-degree turn andcharges straight back at the attacking forces.
      1. (military, transitive and intransitive) Toattack by moving forward quickly in agroup.
        The impetuous corpscharged the enemy lines.
      2. (basketball) To commit achargingfoul.
      3. (cricket, of a batsman) To take a few steps down thepitch towards thebowler as theydeliver the ball, either todisrupt the length of the delivery, or to get into a betterposition to hit the ball.
    13. (transitive, of a hunting dog) Tolie on thebelly and be still.(A command given by a hunter to a dog)

    Derived terms

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    Prefixed forms
    Suffixed forms
    Other derivations

    Related terms

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    Descendants

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    Translations

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    to assign a duty to
    to assign a debit to an account
    to pay on account
    to demand, require payment
    criminal law, law enforcement: to formally accuse of a crime—see alsoaccuse,‎inculpate
    property law: to mortgage—seemortgage
    to place a burden upon, to assign a duty
    to load equipment with material required for its use
    to cause to take on an electric charge
    to add energy to
    intransitive: of a battery or device: to gain energy—see alsoenergize
    to move forward forcefully—see alsoaccost
    military: to attack by moving forward quickly
    basketball: to commit a charging foul
    cricket: to take a few steps down the pitch towards the bowler as he delivers the ball
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    Further reading

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    Anagrams

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    Dutch

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed fromMiddle Frenchcharge.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈʃɑr.ʒə/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Hyphenation:char‧ge

    Noun

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    charge f (pluralcharges,nodiminutive)

    1. acharge(fast ground attack)

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    French

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    Etymology

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    Inherited fromMiddle Frenchcharge, fromOld Frenchcharge,carge, equivalent to a deverbal fromcharger.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    charge f (pluralcharges)

    1. load,burden
      charge pesante ―heavyload
    2. cargo,freight
      Lacharge de ce bateau est de cinquante tonneaux. ―Thefreight of this boat is fifty tons.
    3. responsibility,charge
      J'ai lacharge de vous dire que... ―I have theresponsibility to tell you that...
    4. (law)charge
      Ce fait constitue unecharge très grave contre le prévenu. ―This fact constitutes a very seriouscharge against the accused.
    5. (military)charge
      unecharge massive contre les positions allemandes ―a massivecharge against the German positions
    6. caricature,comicexaggeration
    7. (physics)charge
    8. (heraldry)charge
    9. (in theplural)costs,expenses

    Derived terms

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    Related terms

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    Descendants

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    Verb

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    charge

    1. inflection ofcharger:
      1. first/third-personsingularpresentindicative/subjunctive
      2. second-personsingularimperative

    Further reading

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    Anagrams

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    Middle English

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    Verb

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    charge

    1. first-personsingularpresentindicative ofchargen
      • 1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e.,Thomas Malory], “[Morte Arthur]”, inLe Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England:s.n.],folio 449, verso, lines15–18:
        Than ſpake ẜGawayne And ſeyde brothir · ẜAggravayne I pray you andcharge you meve no ſuch · maters no more a fore me fro wyte you well I woll nat be of youre counceyle //
        Then spoke Sir Gawain, and said, “Brother, Sir Agrivain, I pray you andcharge you move not such matters any more before me, for be ye assured I will not be of your counsel.”

    Portuguese

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed fromFrenchcharge.[1][2]

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    charge f (pluralcharges)

    1. (Brazil)cartoon(satire of public figures)
      Synonym:caricatura

    References

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    1. ^“charge”, inDicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
    2. ^“charge”, inDicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

    Further reading

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