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chaos

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Chaos,CHAOS,andchãos

English

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 chaos (disambiguation) on Wikipedia

Etymology

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Learned borrowing fromAncient Greekχάος(kháos,“vast chasm, void”).Doublet ofgas, which was borrowed through Dutch.

In Early Modern English, used in the sense of the original Greek word. In the meaning "primordial matter" from the 16th century. Figurative usage in the sense "confusion, disorder" from the 17th century. The technical sense in mathematics and science dates from the 1960s.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chaos (usuallyuncountable,pluralchaoses)

  1. Theunordered state ofmatter in classical accounts ofcosmogony.
  2. Any state ofdisorder; aconfused oramorphousmixture orconglomeration.
    to descend intochaos
    After the earthquake, the local hospital was inchaos
    • 1977, Irwin Edman,Adam, the Baby, and the Man from Mars, page54:
      or out of these chaoses order may be made, out of this ferment a clear wine of life. There arechaoses that have gone too far for retrieval
  3. (mathematics) A behaviour of iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time.
  4. (fantasy) One of the two metaphysical forces of the world in some fantasy settings, as opposed tolaw.
  5. (obsolete) A vastchasm orabyss.
  6. (obsolete, rare) A givenmedium; a space in which something exists or lives; anenvironment.
    • 1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym;Robert Burton], “Aire rectified. With a digression of the Aire.”, inThe Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps,→OCLC, partition 2, section 2, member 3,page320:
      What is in the centre of the earth, or is it pure element only, asAriſtotle decrees inhabited asParacelſus thinks with creatures, whoſeChaos is the earth withFairies, as the woods and waters according to him, are withNymphes or as the ayre with ſpirits.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of“classical cosmogony”):cosmos
  • (antonym(s) of“state of disorder”):order

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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in classical cosmogony
state of disorder
mathematics

See also

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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FromDutchchaos, fromMiddle Dutchcaos, fromLatinchaos, fromAncient Greekχάος(kháos).

Noun

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chaos (uncountable)

  1. chaos(disorder)
  2. (cosmogony)primordialdisorder

Czech

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromAncient Greekχάος(kháos,“vast chasm, void”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chaos m inan

  1. chaos(state of disorder)
    Antonym:řád
    • 1875, Josef Durdík,Všeobecná aesthetika.[1]:
      Ano i když pomíjíme všechny všednější odstíny smyslu, básníci velebí řád, myslíce si při tom na protivu jeho, chaos, a vědouce, že ve všem co se líbí, musí být jistý řád; a na druhé straně mají právě zas řád za průjev nesvobody [...]

Declension

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Declension ofchaos (hard masculine inanimate)
singularplural
nominativechaoschaosy
genitivechaosuchaosů
dativechaosuchaosům
accusativechaoschaosy
vocativechaosechaosy
locativechaosuchaosech
instrumentalchaosemchaosy

Related terms

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See also

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Further reading

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Dutch

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Dutchcaos, fromLatinchaos, fromAncient Greekχάος(kháos).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈxaː.ɔs/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation:cha‧os

Noun

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chaos m (uncountable,nodiminutive)

  1. chaos(disorder)
    Synonyms:baaierd,rommel,wanorde,warboel
  2. (cosmogony)primordialdisorder

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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French

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinchaos, fromAncient Greekχάος(kháos).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chaos m (uncountable)

  1. chaos

Further reading

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Latin

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromAncient Greekχάος(kháos).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chaos n sg (genitivechaī);second declension

  1. alternativeletter-case form ofChaos
  2. achasm
    • Late 4th century,Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson,Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart:Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published2007,→ISBN,Lucam 16:26:
      et in his omnibus inter nos et voschaos magnum firmatum est ut hi qui volunt hinc transire ad vos, non possint, neque inde huc transmeare.
      And besides all this, between us and you, there is fixed a greatchaos: so that they who would pass from hence to you, cannot, nor from thence come hither.
      Translates the Greek wordχάσμα(khásma)
      ;

Declension

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Second-declension noun (neuter, Greek-type), singular only.

singular
nominativechaos
genitivechaī
dativechaō
accusativechaos
ablativechaō
vocativechaos

Descendants

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References

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  • “chaos”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891),An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “chaos”, inThe Perseus Project (1999),Perseus Encyclopedia‎[2]
  • “chaos”, inHarry Thurston Peck, editor (1898),Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “chaos”, inWilliam Smith, editor (1848),A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl

Etymology

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Learned borrowing fromLatinchaos.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chaos m inan

  1. (Greekmythology)chaos(unordered state of matter in classical accounts of cosmogony)
    Hypernym:materia
  2. chaos(state of disorder; a confused or amorphous mixture or conglomeration)
    Synonyms:seeThesaurus:zamieszanie
    Antonym:ład
  3. chaos(behavior of iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time)

Declension

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Declension ofchaos
singular
nominativechaos
genitivechaosu
dativechaosowi
accusativechaos
instrumentalchaosem
locativechaosie
vocativechaosie

Related terms

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adjectives
adverbs
nouns

Further reading

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  • chaos inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • chaos in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • chaos in PWN's encyclopedia

Slovak

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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chaos m inan (genitivesingularchaosu,nominativepluralchaosy,genitivepluralchaosov,declension pattern ofdub)

  1. chaos

Declension

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Declension ofchaos
(patterndub)
singularplural
nominativechaoschaosy
genitivechaosuchaosov
dativechaosuchaosom
accusativechaoschaosy
locativechaosechaosoch
instrumentalchaosomchaosmi

References

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  • “chaos”, inSlovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak),https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk,2003–2025
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