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ch

Wikipedia

Fromc +‎h.

ch (mixed caseCh,upper caseCH)

1. Adigraph fromc andh, considered an individual letter in some languages.

Initialism ofEnglishcosine,hyperbolic.

ch

1. Alternative form ofcosh(“hyperbolic cosine”)

Clipping ofEnglish andChamorroChamorro.

ch

1. (international standards)ISO 639-1language code forChamorro.

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Chamorro terms

ch (countable anduncountable,pluralchs)

1. Abbreviation ofchain(“a unit of measurement equal to 22yards”).
2. (crochet)Abbreviation ofchain (stitch)
3. Abbreviation ofchannel, in reference to telephones, audio, radio, and television.

   5.1ch surround sound

4. Abbreviation ofchapter(“main section of abook”).
   • 2007,The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, page143:

     Ch 2 secondarily interrupts the flow betweenchs 1 and 3 (see 2.1–16n.).

5. Abbreviation ofchestnut(“a dark reddish-brown coloredhorse”).
   • 2014, Kenneth Hinchcliff, Andris Kaneps, Raymond Geor,Equine Sports Medicine and Surgery, page675:

     NAME OF HORSE (COLOR, SEX, YEAR BORN)
     Secretariat (ch.s. 1970)

ch

1. (crochet)Abbreviation ofchain.
   • 2011 August 23, Carmen Heffernan, “How to make colourful crocheted flowers”, inThe Guardian‎^[1]:

     Ch 4, sl st to 1st sl st to close.

Apheretic form ofich orutch, ultimately fromOld Englishiċ(“I”). CompareDutch'k, an apheretic variant ofik(“I”). More atich,I.

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

ch

1. (obsolete, dialectal)Alternative form ofI.

• h/c,hc,H/C,H.C.,HC,H&C

• IPA^(key): /tʃʼ/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Aletter of the Blinalphabet, written in theLatin script.

• IPA^(key): /tʃ/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Aletter of the Central Mazahuaalphabet, written in theLatin script.

• (Latin-script letters)A a,Ⱥ ⱥ,A̱ a̱,B b,C c,Cꞌ cꞌ,Cj cj,Cu cu,Cꞌu cꞌu,Cju cju,Ch ch,Chꞌ chꞌ,Chj chj,D d,Dy dy,E e,Ɇ ɇ,E̱ e̱,G g,Gu gu,Hu hu,ꞌHu ꞌhu,I i,I̱ i̱,J j,Jꞌ jꞌ,Jm jm,Jn jn,Jñ jñ,Ju ju,Jy jy,L l,M m,Mꞌ mꞌ,N n,Nꞌ nꞌ,Ñ ñ,Ñꞌ ñꞌ,O o,Ø ø,O̱ o̱,P p,Pj pj,R r,S s,T t,Tꞌ tꞌ,Tj tj,Ts ts,Tsꞌ tsꞌ,Tsj tsj,U u,Ꞹ ꞹ,U̱ u̱,X x,Z z,Zh zh,ꞌ

• IPA^(key): /t͜ʃʰ/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Aletter of the Chipewyanalphabet, written in theLatin script.

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. The fourteenthletter of the Czechalphabet, written in theLatin script; preceded byh and followed byi.

In names or at the beginning of a sentence the formCh is used (e. g.Chrudim).

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Aletter of the Esperantoalphabet, written in theLatin script, a digraph used in theh-sistemo to representĉ.

• gh,hh,jh,sh
• cx,gx,hx,jx,sx,ux

• ch.

ch (invariable)

1. abbreviation ofchaque(“each,ea”).

ch m (invariable)

1. abbreviation ofcheval-vapeur(“horsepower,hp”).

Used for all types of (metric) horsepower excepttax horsepower, which uses the initialismscv orCV.

• IPA^(key): /ᵏǀʰ/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Aletter of the Hadzaalphabet, written in theLatin script.

 ch (digráf) on Hungarian Wikipedia

• (on its own)IPA^(key): [ˈt͡seːɦaː]
• (within words)IPA^(key): /xː/,/t͡ʃ/,/ç/,/çː/,/h/,/k/,/ʃ/(depending on the word)

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Adigraph of the Hungarianalphabet, written in theLatin script; used in several Hungarian words, as well as in some surnames, given names, and geographical names.

It is used (among others) in the following words, along with their derivations and compounds:Achilles-ín,allochton,acháj,achát,akrosztichon,almanach,anarchia/​​anarchikus/​anarchista/​anarchizmus,archaikus/​archaizál/​archaizmus,archeológia/​archeológus,archimandrita,architektúra,archivál/​archivális/​archívum,autochton,bacchanália,bacchánsnő,baldachin,barchesz,barkochba/​barkochbázik,bronchitisz,cech,chanti,charleston,charta,charter,chartizmus,chata,chianti,chorijambus,chripka,couchette,disztichon,durchmars,echó,echt,eucharisztia/​eucharisztikus,eunuch,exarcha,fach,franchise,gaucho,gouache,guttapercha,hierarchia/​​hierarchikus,hipochonder/​hipochondria,ichtioszaurusz,jacht,kapitälchen,krach,lichthóf,macher,machiavellizmus,machináció/machinál,malachit,mannlicher,matriarchátus,mazochista/​mazochizmus,mechanika/​​mechanikus/​​mechanisztikus/​mechanizál/​mechanizmus,mettlachi,moloch,monarchia/​monarchikus/​monarchista,oligarcha/​oligarchia/​oligarchikus,orchidea,patriarcha/​patriarchális/​patriarchátus,pech/​peches,poncho,poncichter,psziché/​pszichiáter/​pszichiátria/​pszichikai/​pszichikum/​pszicho-/​​pszichózis,richtig,rizskoch,sarlach,stich,strichel,szacharin,szinekdoché,sztrichnin,technika/​technikum/​technikus/​technokrácia/​technokrata/​​technológia/​technológus,trachoma,trocheus,vlach,winchester.

Officially recognized given names:Achilles,Achillesz,Áchim,Archibald,Joachim,Melchior,Orchidea,Psziché,Ráchel,Richárd.^[1]

Surnames (a selection from notable people^[2]):Aulich,Damjanich,Forgách,Keglevich,Knézich,Kovách,Laczkovich,Madách,Maderspach,Orlay Petrich,Széchenyi,Széchényi,Zách,Zichy.

Geographical names (along with their derivations, e.g.chilei):Charlestown,Chatham-szigetek,Chile,Chișinău,Déli-Georgia és Déli-Sandwich-szigetek,Liechtenstein,Nouakchott,Seychelle-szigetek as well as two settlements in Hungary,Chernelházadamonya andZichyújfalu, a hill in Budapest,Széchenyi-hegy (named afterIstván Széchenyi) and a neighborhood in Budapest,Széchenyihegy (named after the hill).

• (Latin-script letters)betű;A a,Á á,B b,C c,Cs cs,D d,Dz dz,Dzs dzs,E e,É é,F f,G g,Gy gy,H h,I i,Í í,J j,K k,L l,Ly ly,M m,N n,Ny ny,O o,Ó ó,Ö ö,Ő ő,P p,R r,S s,Sz sz,T t,Ty ty,U u,Ú ú,Ü ü,Ű ű,V v,Z z,Zs zs.Only in the extended alphabet:Q qW wX xY y.Commonly used: ch.Also defined: à ë.In surnames (selection):äaaczdseéeöewoeoóthts ÿ.

• IPA^(key): /x/,/ç/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Adigraph of the Irishalphabet, written in theLatin script.

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. The thirdletter of the Isokoalphabet, written in theLatin script.

• E. O. Agbada et al,Vbuhrẹ Ụmụ́bọrá Isoko (Teach Yourself Isoko), first published 2008, revised edition 2017, pages 9, 10
• Onyerioma Isaac Itegolor,Isoko Wha Dooo...! Book 2 (Operation Speak Your Language), Revised Standard Edition (2015), page 1

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH,modern equivalentǀh)

1. (obsolete, Tindall orthography)Aletter of the Khoekhoealphabet, written in theLatin script.

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. (historical)Aletter of the Latvianalphabet, written in theLatin script; used in older, pre-World-War-II Latvian spelling, but now replaced everywhere byh (upper caseH).

This letter can still be found in older books, or in books written by the Latvian diaspora prior to the fall of the Soviet Union. It used to represent the sound of IPA symbol /x/, as distinct from /h/; but since these sounds have merged as /x/ in current Latvian pronunciation, <h> (= /x/) is now used in all cases.

• IPA^(key): /x/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. The twelfthletter of the Lower Sorbianalphabet, calledcha and written in theLatin script; preceded byh and followed byi.

• (Latin-script letters)pismik;A a,B b,C c,Č č,Ć ć,D d,E e,Ě ě,F f,G g,H h,Ch ch,I i,J j,K k,Ł ł,L l,M m,N n,Ń ń,O o (Ó ó),P p,R r,Ŕ ŕ,S s,Š š,Ś ś,T t,U u,W w,Y y,Z z,Ž ž,Ź ź
• (obsolete letters)B́b́,Ėė,Ḿḿ,Ṕṕ,ſ,ß,Ꞩẜ,Ẃẃ

• IPA^(key): /tʃʰ/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Aletter of the Mamalphabet, written in theLatin script.

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Aletter of the Navajoalphabet, written in theLatin script.

• (Latin-script letters)A a (Á á,Ą ą,Ą́ ą́),B b,Ch ch,Chʼ chʼ,D d,Dl dl,Dz dz,E e (É é,Ę ę,Ę́ ę́),G g,Gh gh,H h,Hw hw,X x,I i (Í í,Į į,Į́ į́),J j,K k,Kʼ kʼ,Kw kw,ʼ,L l,Ł ł,M m,N n (Ń ń),O o (Ó ó,Ǫ ǫ,Ǫ́ ǫ́),S s,Sh sh,T t,Tʼ tʼ,Tł tł,Tłʼ tłʼ,Ts ts,Tsʼ tsʼ,W w,Y y,Z z,Zh zh

• IPA^(key): [t͜sʰ]

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH,Osage equivalent𐓴)

1. Aletter of the Osagealphabet, written in theLatin script.

• (phoneme)IPA^(key): /x/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. The sixteenthletter of the Slovakalphabet, written in theLatin script.

• (Latin-script letters)písmeno;A a,Á á,Ä ä,B b,C c,Č č,D d,Ď ď,Dz dz,Dž dž,E e,É é,F f,G g,H h,Ch ch,I i,Í í,J j,K k,L l,Ĺ ĺ,Ľ ľ,M m,N n,Ň ň,O o,Ó ó,Ô ô,P p,Q q,R r,Ŕ ŕ,S s,Š š,T t,Ť ť,U u,Ú ú,V v,W w,X x,Y y,Ý ý,Z z,Ž ž

• “ch”, inSlovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak),https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk,2003–2026

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. (historical)The fourthletter of the Spanishalphabet, calledche and written in theLatin script; preceded byc and followed byd.

• Since 1994, this letter has been treated asc followed byh for collation (sorting) purposes only. In 2010, this letter was officially removed by theRAE from the Spanish alphabet.

• “ch”, inDiccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1,Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish:Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Borrowed fromSpanishch.

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃe/[ˈt͡ʃɛ](letter name, chiefly upper class)
    • Rhymes:-e
  • IPA^(key): /ˈt͡se/[ˈt͡sɛ](letter name)
    • Rhymes:-e
  • IPA^(key): /ˈse/[ˈsɛ](letter name)
    • Rhymes:-e
  • IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/[t͡ʃ](phoneme, chiefly upper class)
  • IPA^(key): /ts/[t̪s](phoneme)
  • IPA^(key): /s/[s](phoneme)

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)(historical)

1. the fourthletter of theAbecedario, calledche and written in theLatin script

• IPA^(key): /tʃʰ/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Aletter of the Tlingitalphabet, written in theLatin script.

• Canada:
• (Latin-script letters)A a,Á á,À à, â,Ch ch,Chʼ chʼ,D d,Dł dł,Dz dz,E e,É é,È è,Ê ê,G g,Gw gw,Gh gh,Ghw ghw,H h,I i,Í í,Ì ì,Πî,J j,K k,Kw kw,Kʼ kʼ,Kʼw kʼw,Kh kh,Khw khw,Khʼ khʼ,Khʼw khʼw (L l),Ł ł,Łʼ łʼ (M m),N n (O o),S s,Sʼ sʼ,Sh sh,T t,Tʼ tʼ,Tl tl,Tlʼ tlʼ,Ts ts,Tsʼ tsʼ,U u,Ú ú,Ù ù,Û û,W w,X x,Xw xw,Xʼ xʼ,Xʼw xʼw,Xh xh,Xhw xhw,Xhʼ xhʼ,Xhʼw xhʼw,Y y (Ÿ ÿ),․
• US:
• (Latin-script letters)A a,Á á,Aa aa,Áa áa,Ch ch,Chʼ chʼ,D d,Dl dl,Dz dz,E e,É é,Ee ee,Ée ée,Ei ei,Éi éi,G g,Gw gw,G̱ g̱,G̱w g̱w,H h,I i,Í í,J j,K k,Kw kw,Kʼ kʼ,Kʼw kʼw,Ḵ ḵ,Ḵw ḵw,Ḵʼ ḵʼ,Ḵʼw ḵʼw,L l,Lʼ lʼ (Ḻ ḻ,M m),N n (O o),Oo oo,Óo óo,S s,Sʼ sʼ,Sh sh,T t,Tʼ tʼ,Tl tl,Tlʼ tlʼ,Ts ts,Tsʼ tsʼ,U u,Ú ú,W w,X x,Xw xw,Xʼ xʼ,Xʼw xʼw,X̱ x̱,X̱w x̱w,X̱ʼ x̱ʼ,X̱ʼw x̱ʼw,Y y (Ÿ ÿ,Y̱ y̱),․

• (phoneme)IPA^(key): /tʃ/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. The twenty-eighthletter of the Uzbekalphabet, written in theLatin script.

• (Latin-script letters)harf;A a,B b,D d,E e,F f,G g,H h,I i,J j,K k,L l,M m,N n,O o,P p,Q q,R r,S s,T t,U u,V v,X x,Y y,Z z,Oʻ oʻ,Gʻ gʻ,Sh sh,Ch ch,Ng ng

• (Hà Nội)IPA^(key): [se˧˧ haːt̚˧˦],[t͡ɕəː˨˩],[t͡ɕəː˨˩ ɲɛ˧˨ʔ]
• (Huế)IPA^(key): [sej˧˧ haːk̚˦˧˥],[t͡ɕəː˦˩],[t͡ɕəː˦˩ ɲɛ˨˩ʔ]
• (Saigon)IPA^(key): [sej˧˧ haːk̚˦˥],[cəː˨˩],[cəː˨˩ ɲɛ˨˩˨]
• Phonetic spelling: xê hát, chờ, chờ nhẹ

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. (historical)The sixthletter of the Vietnamesealphabet, calledxê hát,chờ orchờ nhẹ and written in theLatin script.

• (Quốc ngữ letters)chữ cái;A a (À à,Ả ả,àã,Á á,Ạ ạ),Ă ă (Ằ ằ,Ẳ ẳ,Ẵ ẵ,Ắ ắ,Ặ ặ), â (Ầ ầ,Ẩ ẩ,Ẫ ẫ,Ấ ấ,Ậ ậ),B b,C c (Ch ch),D d,Đ đ,E e (È è,Ẻ ẻ,Ẽ ẽ,É é,Ẹ ẹ),Ê ê (Ề ề,Ể ể,Ễ ễ,Ế ế,Ệ ệ),G g (Gh gh,Gi gi),H h,I i (Ì ì,Ỉ ỉ,Ĩ ĩ,Í í,Ị ị),K k (Kh kh),L l,M m,N n (Ng ng,Ngh ngh,Nh nh),O o (Ò ò,Ỏ ỏ,Õ õ,Ó ó,Ọ ọ),Ô ô (Ồ ồ,Ổ ổ,Ỗ ỗ,Ố ố,Ộ ộ),Ơ ơ (Ờ ờ,Ở ở,Ỡ ỡ,Ớ ớ,Ợ ợ),P p (Ph ph),Q q (Qu qu),R r,S s,T t (Th th,Tr tr),U u (Ù ù,Ủ ủ,Ũ ũ,Ú ú,Ụ ụ),Ư ư (Ừ ừ,Ử ử,Ữ ữ,Ứ ứ,Ự ự),V v,X x,Y y (Ỳ ỳ,Ỷ ỷ,Ỹ ỹ,Ý ý,Ỵ ỵ)

• (standard)IPA^(key): /ɛχ/
  • (informal)IPA^(key): /χ(ː)/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. The fourthletter of the Welshalphabet, calledèch and written in theLatin script; preceded byc and followed byd.

Like the other Welsh digraphs,ch is considered a distinct letter of the Welsh alphabet for all purposes, including collation. Thus,chwech is alphabetically sortedaftercyllell.

• (Latin-script letters)llythyren;A a (Á á,À à, â,Ä ä),B b,C c,Ch ch,D d,Dd dd,E e (É é,È è,Ê ê,Ë ë),F f,Ff ff,G g,Ng ng,H h,I i (Í í,Ì ì,Πî,Ï ï),J j,L l,Ll ll,M m,N n,O o (Ó ó,Ò ò,Ô ô,Ö ö),P p,Ph ph,R r,Rh rh,S s,T t,Th th,U u (Ú ú,Ù ù,Û û,Ü ü),W w (Ẃ ẃ,Ẁ ẁ,Ŵ ŵ,Ẅ ẅ),Y y (Ý ý,Ỳ ỳ,Ŷ ŷ,Ÿ ÿ)

• ch cannot be mutated in Welsh.

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke,et al., editors (1950–present), “ch”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

• IPA^(key): /ᵏǀʰ/

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Adigraph of the Xhosaalphabet, written in theLatin script.

• IPA^(key): /t̪ʲ/ (pronounced[t͡ɕ])

ch (lower case,upper caseCh,all capsCH)

1. Aletter of the Yelealphabet, written in theLatin script.

• (Latin-script letters)A a,â,b,Ch ch,D d,e,é,ê,Gh gh,i,î,j,K k,L l,M m,N n,Ń ń,o,ó,P p,T t,U u,V v,W w,Y y,꞉

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