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bottom

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Bottom

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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PIE word
*bʰudʰmḗn

FromMiddle Englishbotme,botom, fromOld Englishbotm,bodan(bottom, foundation; ground, abyss), fromProto-West Germanic*butm, fromProto-Germanic*butmaz, *budmaz, fromProto-Indo-European*bʰudʰmḗn(bottom). Cognate withDutchbodem,GermanBoden,Icelandicbotn,Danishbund; alsoIrishbonn(sole (of foot)),Ancient Greekπυθμήν(puthmḗn,bottom of a cup or jar),Sanskritबुध्न(budhna,bottom),Persianبن(bon,bottom),Latinfundus(bottom) (whencefund, viaFrench). The sense “posterior of a person” is from 1794; the verb “to reach the bottom of” is from 1808.bottom dollar(the last dollar one has) is from 1882.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bottom (countable anduncountable,pluralbottoms)

  1. Thelowest part of anything.
    Synonym:base
    Antonym:top
    Footers appear at thebottoms of pages.
    1. Agarment worn to cover the body below thetorso.
      Coordinate term:top
      There’s a hole in her pyjamabottoms.
    2. Spirits poured into a glass before addingsoda water.
      a soda and abottom of brandy
  2. The far end of somewhere.
    There’s a fairy at thebottom of my garden.
    I walked to thebottom of the street.
  3. (uncountable, British, slang)Character,reliability,staying power,dignity,integrity orsoundjudgment.
    lackbottom
  4. (dated, uncountable) Power ofendurance.
    • 2017, Les Savage,The Teton Bunch: A Western Trio:
      This was why Dee had always ridden a buckskin; a man following his kind of trails needed a horse withbottom, and a line-back like this one never wore out.
  5. The base; the fundamental part; basic aspect.
    • 1886 October –1887 January,H[enry] Rider Haggard,She: A History of Adventure, London:Longmans, Green, and Co., published1887,→OCLC:
      Thereupon Billali did a curious thing. Down he went, that venerable-looking old gentleman - for Billali is a gentleman at thebottom - down on to his hands and knees, and in this undignified position, with his long white beard trailing on the ground, he began to creep into the apartment beyond.
  6. (now chiefly US) Low-lying land; avalley orhollow.
    Where shall we go for a walk? How about AshcombeBottom?
  7. (usually:bottoms orbottomland) Low-lying land near a river with alluvial soil.
  8. (euphemistic) Thebuttocks oranus.
    Synonyms:seeThesaurus:buttocks
    • 1986 April 10, Bill Watterson,Calvin & Hobbes (comic):
      Calvin, if you shoot that paper clip at me, I'll get yourbottom hauled to the principal's office so fast you'll think you were in a time warp!!
  9. (often figuratively) The lowest part of acontainer.
    • 2011 December 21, Helen Pidd, “Europeans migrate south as continent drifts deeper into crisis”, inthe Guardian[1]:
      In Ireland, where 14.5% of the population are jobless, emigration has climbed steadily since 2008, when Lehman Brothers collapsed and thebottom fell out of the Irish housing market. In the 12 months to April this year, 40,200 Irish passport-holders left, up from 27,700 the previous year, according to the central statistics office. Irish nationals were by far the largest constituent group among emigrants, at almost 53%.
  10. Thebed of abody of water, as of a river, lake, or sea.
  11. Anabyss.
    • 1697,Virgil, “The Fourth Book of theGeorgics”, inJohn Dryden, transl.,The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. [], London: [] Jacob Tonson, [],→OCLC:
      In the CarpathianBottom makes abode / The Shepherd of the Seas, a Prophet and a God
  12. (nautical) Acargo vessel, a ship.
  13. (nautical) Certain parts of a vessel, particularly the cargohold or the portion of the ship that is alwaysunderwater.
    • c.1596–1598 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies [] (First Folio), London: [] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act I, scene i]:
      My ventures are not in onebottom trusted.
    • November 8, 1773, [first name not given] Bancroft, inBoston Post-Boy
      Not to sell the teas, but to return them to London in the samebottoms in which they were shipped.
  14. (baseball) The second half of aninning, thehome team's turnat bat.
  15. (BDSM) Asubmissivepartner in asadomasochisticrelationship.
    Synonyms:sub,submissive
    Coordinate terms:top,dom
    • 1981 August 15, Nancy Wechsler, Gayle Rubin, Pat Califia, “Sadomasochism: Fears, Facts, Fantasies”, inGay Community News, volume 9, number 5, page 6:
      Since what I wanted to do was be abottom, a masochist, I had to learn that you could do it and be safe, that you could do it and not sign your life away, that you could do it by agreement, and that it was still fun.
    1. (loosely, by extension) Asubmissive partner in asexual relationship.
  16. (slang) A person who has areceptive role or has apreference for that role duringintercourse.
    Synonyms:catcher,pathic,(South Asia)zenana
    Hypernym:doee
    Coordinate term:top
    James and Lukas would make a great couple if they weren't bothbottoms.
  17. (particle physics)Ellipsis ofbottom quark.
    Hypernym:flavor
  18. Aball orskein ofthread; acocoon.
    • 1707,J[ohn] Mortimer,The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. [], London: [] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock [], and J[onathan] Robinson [],→OCLC:
      the [silk]worms will fasten themselves, and make theirbottoms, which in about fourteen days are finished.
  19. (heraldry, rare) Atrundle orspindle of thread.
    • 1724, John Guillim,A Display of Heraldry, page207:
      Edward Hoby of Bisham in Berkshire, Esq; Or, a Fess, Sable, between three Hobby-Hawks, proper; otherwise, Azure, threeBottoms in Fess, Gules.
    • 1866, Hugh Clark,An Introduction to Heraldry ... Eighteenth edition. Revised and corrected by J. R. Planché, page99:
      BOTTOM, a trundle or quill of gold thread. See TRUNDLE.Argent threebottoms, in fess gules, the thread or; name,Hoby, of Badland.
    • 1873, Henry Sydney Grazebrook,The Heraldry of Worcestershire, page285:
      [...] three “bottoms or clewes” (elsewhere called “spindles” or “fusils upon slippers”) in fesse gules threaded or, forBadlond;
  20. (obsolete)Dregs orgrounds;lees;sediment.

Hyponyms

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Hyponyms ofbottom (noun)

Derived terms

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Terms derived frombottom (noun)

Descendants

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Translations

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lowest part
garment worn on lower body
character, reliability, staying power, dignity, integrity or sound judgment
valley
euphemistic: buttocks or anus
nautical: cargo vessel
nautical: low parts of a vessel
baseball: second half of an inning, the home team's turn at bat
BDSM: submissive in sadomasochism
gay sexual slang: penetrated partner in sex
physics: bottom quarkseebottom quark
lowest part of a container
ball or skein of thread; a cocoon
bed of a body of water
abyssseeabyss
power of endurance
dregs or grounds, lees, sediment
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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bottom (third-person singular simple presentbottoms,present participlebottoming,simple past and past participlebottomed)

  1. (transitive) To furnish (something) with a bottom.[from 16th c.]
    tobottom a chair
  2. (transitive) To pour spirits into (a glass to be topped up withsoda water).
    • 1866, “Dirge of the Drinker”, inThe Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science, and Art, page645:
      We shall bid that thoughtful waiter place beside him, near and handy, / Large supplies of soda water, tumblersbottomed well with brandy,[]
  3. (obsolete) Towind (like a ball of thread etc.).[17th c.]
  4. (transitive) To establish orfound (something)on orupon.[from 17th c.]
    • 1790 November,Edmund Burke,Reflections on the Revolution in France, and on the Proceedings in Certain Societies in London Relative to that Event. [], London: [] J[ames] Dodsley, [],→OCLC:
      But an absurd opinion concerning the king’s hereditary right to the crown does not prejudice one that is rational, andbottomed upon solid principles of law and policy.
    • 1692–1717,Robert South,Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume(please specify |volume=I to VI), London:
      those false and deceiving grounds upon which manybottom their eternal state
    • 2001, United States Congress House Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Commercial and Administrative Law,Executive Orders and Presidential Directives, p.59:
      Moreover, the Supreme Court has held that the President must obey outstanding executive orders, even whenbottomed on the Constitution, until they are revoked.
  5. (transitive, chiefly in passive) To lie on the bottom of; tounderlie, to lie beneath.[from 18th c.]
    • 1989, B Mukherjee,Jasmine:
      My first night in America was spent in a motel with plywood over its windows, its poolbottomed with garbage sacks.
  6. (obsolete, intransitive) To be based or grounded.[17th–19th c.]
    • 'c. 1703,John Locke,Some Thoughts Concerning Reading and Study for a Gentleman
      Find out upon what foundation any proposition advancedbottoms.
  7. (mechanics, intransitive) To reach or strike against the bottom of something, so as to impede free action.[from 19th c.]
    • 1977, Roger W. Autor Bolz,Production Processes: The Productivity Handbook[2], page12-81:
      allowance at the bottom of blind bores for the chamfered tip of the reamer will obviate additional operations with shouldering orbottoming reamers to completely finish the entire length of a hole.
  8. (transitive) To reach the bottom of something.
    • 1902,Barbara Baynton, edited by Sally Krimmer and Alan Lawson,Bush Studies (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published1980, page21:
      Squeaker's dog sniffed and barked joyfully around them till his licking efforts tobottom a salmon tin sent him careering in a muzzled frenzy, that caused the younger woman's thick lips to part grinningly till he came too close.
  9. Tofall to thelowest point.[from 19th c.]
    • 2004, John J. Murphy,Intermarket Analysis: Profiting from Global Market Relationships, page119:
      The Dow Jones Industrial Averagebottomed on September 24, 2001. The CRB Indexbottomed on October 24.
  10. (BDSM, intransitive) To be thesubmissive partner in aBDSM relationship.[from 20th c.]
  11. (gayslang, intransitive) To beanallypenetrated ingay sex.[from 20th c.]
    I've neverbottomed in my life.

Derived terms

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Translations

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to reach the bottom
to be anally penetrated in gay sex
  • Danish:please add this translation if you can

Adjective

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bottom (notcomparable)

  1. Thelowest orlastplace orposition.
    Those files should go on thebottom shelf.
  2. (transgender) Relating to thegenitals.

Derived terms

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Translations

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lowest or last place or position

See also

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Dutch

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishbottom.Doublet ofbodem.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bottom m (pluralbottoms,diminutivebottommetje n)

  1. (LGBTQ and BDSM slang)bottom(passive or submissive role in sexual relations)
    Coordinate term:top

French

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishbottom.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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bottom (pluralbottoms)

  1. (LGBTQ, slang)bottom(passive in role)
    Synonym:passif

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishbottom.

Adjective

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bottom (invariable,notcomparable)

  1. Only used inquark bottom

Noun

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bottom m (pluralbottons)

  1. bottom quark(quark)

Yola

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Noun

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bottom

  1. Alternative form ofbothom

References

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  • Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, inJournal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series)‎[3], volume17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page135
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