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bir

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:BIR,Bir,bír,andb'i'r
Languages (30)
Translingual
Afar • Albanian • Azerbaijani • Central Bikol • Cimbrian • Crimean Tatar • Gagauz • Iban • Ili Turki • Indonesian • Javanese • Jiiddu • Karaim • Malay • Maltese • Middle English • Middle High German • Mizo • Old High German • Old Irish • Romanian • Salar • Scottish Gaelic • Sumerian • Tagalog • Turkish • Turkmen • Uzbek • Volapük
Page categories

Translingual

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Etymology

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Abbreviation ofEnglishBisorio.

Symbol

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bir

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-3language code forBisorio.

See also

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Afar

[edit]
Temporal adverbs
Previous:ambóyra
Next:a bár

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbir/ [ˈbɪɾ]
  • Hyphenation:bir

Adverb

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bír

  1. last night

Noun

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bír m

  1. last night

Declension

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        Declension ofbír      
absolutivebír
predicativebíri
subjectivebír
genitivebirtí
  Postpositioned forms
l-casebíril
k-casebírik
t-casebírit
h-casebírih

References

[edit]
  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “bir”, inAn Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London,→ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2004),Parlons Afar: Langue et Culture, L'Hammartan,→ISBN,page37
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015),L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Albanian*bira, fromProto-Indo-European*bʰer- (compareOld Englishbyre,Gothic𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂(baur,son)).[1] Phonetically and semantically close toMessapic*bilia(daughter) and*biles(son), Matzinger reconstructs two different stems: pre-Albanian*bʰi-ro- and pre-Messapic*bʰi-lo-, both from Proto-Indo-European*bʰuH-(to grow, become); compareAncient Greekφῦλον(phûlon,race, tribe).(Canthis(+) etymology besourced?)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bir m (pluralbij,definitebiri,definite pluralbijtë)

  1. son

Declension

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Declension ofbir
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebirbiribijbijtë
accusativebirin
dativebiribiritbijvebijve
ablativebijsh

References

[edit]
  1. ^Oryol, Vladimir E. (1998), “bir”, inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill,→ISBN, page26

Azerbaijani

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Other scripts
Cyrillicбир
Arabicبیر
Azerbaijani numbers(edit)
10
 ←  012  → 10  → 
   Cardinal:bir
   Ordinal:birinci

Etymology

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FromOld Anatolian Turkishبر(bir), ultimately fromProto-Turkic*bīr.[1]

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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bir

  1. one

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^Starostin, Sergei;Dybo, Anna;Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*bir (*bīr)”, inEtymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Central Bikol

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishbeer.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bir

  1. beer
    Synonym:serbesa

Cimbrian

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Etymology

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FromMiddle High Germanbier, fromOld High Germanbior, fromProto-West Germanic*beuʀ, fromProto-Germanic*beuzą(beer). Cognate withGermanBier,Englishbeer.Doublet ofbira.

Noun

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bir n

  1. (Luserna)beer

References

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Crimean Tatar

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Crimean Tatar numbers(edit)
10
 ←  012  → 10  → 
   Cardinal:bir
   Ordinal:birinci
   Distributive:birer

Etymology

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FromProto-Turkic*bīr(one).

Numeral

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bir

  1. one

References

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  • Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002),Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[3], Simferopol: Dolya,→ISBN

Gagauz

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Gagauz cardinal numbers
12  > 
   Cardinal :bir
   Ordinal :birinci

Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Anatolian Turkishبر(bir), fromProto-Turkic*bīr(one).

Article

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bir

  1. theindefinite article,a,an

Numeral

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bir

  1. one

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • Kopuşçu M. İ., Todorova S. A., Kiräkova T.İ., editors (2019), “bir”, inGagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 5-12, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi,→ISBN, page34

Iban

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishbeer.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bir

  1. beer

Ili Turki

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Ili Turki cardinal numbers
12  > 
   Cardinal :bir

Etymology

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FromProto-Turkic*bīr.

Numeral

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bir

  1. one

Indonesian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromDutchbier.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bir (pluralbir-bir)

  1. beer

Compounds

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Further reading

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Javanese

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Romanization

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bir

  1. romanization ofꦧꦶꦂ

Jiiddu

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Etymology

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FromProto-Afroasiatic*bir-(to burn brightly)

Noun

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bir

  1. lighting

References

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  • Ehret, Christopher (1995),Reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic,→ISBN, page 86

Karaim

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Karaim cardinal numbers
12  > 
   Cardinal :bir
   Ordinal :birińči

Numeral

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bir

  1. one

References

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Malay

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromDutchbier.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bir (Jawi spellingبير,uncountable)

  1. beer
    Synonym:arak

Maltese

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Etymology

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FromArabicبِئْر(biʔr).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bir m (pluralbjarorbirien,diminutivebwejra)

  1. well
    • 1970,Anton Buttigieg, “Il-Pjazza”, inFl-Arena:
      Kulħadd jimxi, kollox lajma,
      jirkeb biss xi sinjur kbir:
      bini l-għatx u tawni nixrob
      minn ġos-satal fuq il-bir.
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Englishbyre(strong wind, storm).

Noun

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bir (pluralbirs)

  1. A strong or favorablewind.
  2. An armedassault orsally; aclash orencounter; ablow orstroke; anattack oraffliction.
    • c.1540,Destruction of Troy:
      A ᵹonge knight..suet to þe Duke With abir on þe brest, þat backeward he ᵹode.
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
  3. Violence;strength;fury.
    • c.1400,Sir Gawain and the Green Knight:
      With alle þebur in his body he ber hit on lofte.
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
  4. Anonrush,swiftness.
  5. Acharge on an account.
    • 1415, Account Rolls of the Abbey of Durham:
      Item in lbir de debito versus Rad'm Forster, 13 d.
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

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References

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Middle High German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld High Germanbira, fromVulgar Latinpira, plural ofLatinpirum.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE)/ˈbir/

Noun

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bir f

  1. pear

Declension

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Declension ofbir (weak feminine)
singularplural
indef.def.noundef.noun
nominativeeindiubirdiebirn
genitiveeinerdërbirndërbirn
dativeeinerdërbirndënbirn
accusativeeinediebirndiebirn

Descendants

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Mizo

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Verb

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bir

  1. toswoop

Adjective

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bir

  1. vertical,steep

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Old High German

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Verb

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bir

  1. second-personsingularimperative ofbëran

Old Irish

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Celtic*beru.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bir n (genitiveberoorbera,nominative pluralbeura)[1]

  1. stake,spit,point;spear,spike
Declension
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Neuter u-stem
singulardualplural
nominativebirN,biurbirL,biurbeuraL,bira
vocativebirN,biurbirL,biurbeura
accusativebirN,biurbirL,biurbeura
genitiveberoH,beraHberoN,beraNberaeN
dativebiurL,biurberaibberaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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FromProto-Celtic*beru,*beruro-(spring, well), said by Matasović to likely be related to*brutus(fermentation, boiling heat), fromProto-Indo-European*bʰrewh₁-.[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bir (gender unknown,genitive unattested,nominative pluralberu)[3]

  1. water,spring,well
    • c. 900,Sanas Cormaic, from the Yellow Book of Lecan, Corm. Y 158
      bir .i. uisce ... biror ⁊ inbir ⁊ tobur
      spring i.e. water ... watercress and rivermouth and well

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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·bir

  1. second-personsingularpresentindicativeconjunct ofbeirid

Mutation

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Mutation ofbir
radicallenitionnasalization
birbir
pronounced with/βʲ-/
mbir

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 bir (‘stake, spit’)”, ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^Matasović, Ranko (2009), “beruro- ‘watercress’”, inEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden:Brill,→ISBN,page63
  3. ^Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 bir (‘water, spring’)”, ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromHungarianbér.

Noun

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bir n (pluralbiruri)

  1. tribute
  2. tax

Declension

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singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativebirbirulbirebirele
genitive-dativebirbiruluibirebirelor
vocativebirulebirelor

Salar

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Salar cardinal numbers
12  > 
   Cardinal :bir
   Ordinal :birinci

Etymology

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FromProto-Turkic*bīr.

Pronunciation

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  • (Xunhua, Qinghai, Ili, Xinjiang)IPA(key): /pir/,/piɹ/
  • (Xunhua, Qinghai)IPA(key): /pəɹ/
  • (Chahandusi, Ejia, Daowei, Xunhua, Qinghai)IPA(key): /per/,/peɹ/

Numeral

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bir

  1. one

References

[edit]
  • 林莲云 [Lin Lianyun] (1985), “bir”, in撒拉语简志 [A Brief History of Salar]‎[4], Beijing:民族出版社: 琴書店,→OCLC, page14
  • Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “bir”, inStroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, pages302, 444
  • 马伟 [Ma Wei];朝克 [Chao Ke] (2014), “bir”, in撒拉语366条会话读本 [Salar 366 Conversation Reader]‎[5], 1st edition,社会科学文献出版社 [Social Science Literature Press],→ISBN, page115
  • 马伟 (Ma Wei) (2016), “bir”, in濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages ​​- Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 青海师范大学 (Qinghai Normal University), Unpublished finalized project manuscript (国家社会科学基金项目结项稿, 定稿; National Social Science Fund of China), page296

Scottish Gaelic

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Pronunciation

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Interjection

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bir

  1. onomatopoeic alarm noise of agannet when attacked at night

References

[edit]
  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “bir”, inFaclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited,→ISBN

Sumerian

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Romanization

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bir

  1. romanization of𒄵(bir)

Tagalog

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishbeer.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bir (Baybayin spellingᜊᜒᜇ᜔)(colloquial)

  1. beer
    Synonym:(dated or formal)serbesa

Derived terms

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Turkish

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Turkish numbers(edit)
10
 ←  012  → 10  → 
   Cardinal:bir
   Ordinal:birinci
   Distributive:birer

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromOttoman Turkishبر(bir,one), fromOld Anatolian Turkishبر(bir,one), fromProto-Turkic*bīr(one). Cognate withOld Turkic𐰋𐰃𐰼(b²ir²/⁠bir⁠/).

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • Standard:
    • IPA(key): (all meanings)/bir/,[biɾ̞̊]
  • Colloquial:
    • IPA(key): (determiner and pronoun)/bi/,[bɪ]
    • IPA(key): (adjective)/bɪr/,[bɪr]
  • Audio:(file)

Numeral

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bir

  1. one

Adjective

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bir

  1. one
    Allahbirdir ve tektir.
    God isone and only.
  2. Used to emphasize a particular quality about something
    Öylebir sınava girdik ki, anamız ağladı.
    That exam wasso hard, we went through hell.
    Obir tost yapıyor ki, bitirince parmaklarını yalamayı bırakamayacaksın.
    She makes areally mean grilled cheese, you won’t be able to stop licking your fingers after you’re done with it.

Adverb

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bir

  1. only,solely,merely
  2. briefly,for a minute,momentarily,quickly
    Bir gelsene buraya, sana bir şey soracağım.
    Can you come over herefor a minute? I need to ask you something.
  3. When (only used for momentary verbs)
    Bir odaya girdim ki, çocukları boğuşur halde buldum.
    When I entered the room I found the kids wrestling.

Determiner

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bir

  1. a,an
    Synonyms:(colloquial)bi',bi

Pronoun

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bir

  1. some
    Synonym:biraz

Noun

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bir (definite accusativebiri,pluralbirler)

  1. mono
  2. single

Declension

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Declension ofbir
singularplural
nominativebirbirler
definite accusativebiribirleri
dativebirebirlere
locativebirdebirlerde
ablativebirdenbirlerden
genitivebirinbirlerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singularplural
1st singularbirimbirlerim
2nd singularbirinbirlerin
3rd singularbiribirleri
1st pluralbirimizbirlerimiz
2nd pluralbirinizbirleriniz
3rd pluralbirleribirleri
definite accusative
singularplural
1st singularbirimibirlerimi
2nd singularbirinibirlerini
3rd singularbirinibirlerini
1st pluralbirimizibirlerimizi
2nd pluralbirinizibirlerinizi
3rd pluralbirlerinibirlerini
dative
singularplural
1st singularbirimebirlerime
2nd singularbirinebirlerine
3rd singularbirinebirlerine
1st pluralbirimizebirlerimize
2nd pluralbirinizebirlerinize
3rd pluralbirlerinebirlerine
locative
singularplural
1st singularbirimdebirlerimde
2nd singularbirindebirlerinde
3rd singularbirindebirlerinde
1st pluralbirimizdebirlerimizde
2nd pluralbirinizdebirlerinizde
3rd pluralbirlerindebirlerinde
ablative
singularplural
1st singularbirimdenbirlerimden
2nd singularbirindenbirlerinden
3rd singularbirindenbirlerinden
1st pluralbirimizdenbirlerimizden
2nd pluralbirinizdenbirlerinizden
3rd pluralbirlerindenbirlerinden
genitive
singularplural
1st singularbiriminbirlerimin
2nd singularbirininbirlerinin
3rd singularbirininbirlerinin
1st pluralbirimizinbirlerimizin
2nd pluralbirinizinbirlerinizin
3rd pluralbirlerininbirlerinin
Predicative forms
singularplural
1st singularbirimbirlerim
2nd singularbirsinbirlersin
3rd singularbir
birdir
birler
birlerdir
1st pluralbirizbirleriz
2nd pluralbirsinizbirlersiniz
3rd pluralbirlerbirlerdir

Turkmen

[edit]
Turkmen numbers(edit)
10
 ←  012  → 10  → 
   Cardinal:bir
   Ordinal:birinji
Other scripts
Latinbir
Cyrillicбир
Arabicبیر

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromProto-Turkic*bīr(one).[1] CompareAzerbaijanibir,Turkishbir.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /bɪːɾ/
  • Hyphenation:bir

Numeral

[edit]

bir[2]

  1. one

Declension

[edit]
Declension ofbir
singularplural
nominativebirbirler
accusativebiribirleri
genitivebiriňbirleriň
dativebirebirlere
locativebirdebirlerde
ablativebirdenbirlerden

References

[edit]
  1. ^Clauson, Gerard (1972), “bi:r”, inAn Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press,→ISBN,→OCLC,page353
  2. ^bir at Ene dilim

Uzbek

[edit]
Uzbek numbers(edit)
10
 ←  012  → 10  → 
   Cardinal:bir
   Ordinal:birinchi

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromChagataiبر(bir/⁠bir⁠/,one), fromProto-Turkic*bīr(one). Cognate withUyghurبىر /bir /бир;Turkmenbir,Azerbaijaniبیر /бир /bir,Turkishbir;Old Uyghur𐽼𐽶𐽾(pyr/⁠bir⁠/),Old Turkic𐰋𐰃𐰼(b²ir²/⁠bir⁠/);Yakutбиир(biir),Dolganбиир(biir); etc.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /bir/,[bɪ̈r]
  • (Karakalpakstan)IPA(key): [bɘr]
  • Hyphenation:bir

Numeral

[edit]
Other scripts
Arabic (Yangi Imlo)بىر
Cyrillicбир
Latinbir
Afghan Uzbekبیر

bir

  1. one

Volapük

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Reformed in the 1920s frombil, to make it more like its etymons.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

bir (genitivebira,pluralbirs)

  1. beer

Declension

[edit]
Declension ofbir
SingularPlural
Nominativebirbirs
Genitivebirabiras
Dativebirebires
Accusativebiribiris
Predicative1birubirus
Vocativeobirobirs
  1. Introduced inVolapük Nulik.

Derived terms

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=bir&oldid=89426689"
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